Cell biology
Mitosis - Cell cycle
The vegetative cell cycle is
divided into two phases.
Interphase and Mitosis
However, many cells in the
plant are not actively dividing
and are arrested in interphase.
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Meristematic cells (like those
found in the shoot tip or root
tip) are actively cycling from
interphase to mitosis as cells
divide.
Root meristem
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Cell biology
Mitosis - Cell cycle
Interphase is represented
as the :
G1 Phase
S Phase
G2 Phase
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Cell biology
Mitosis - Cell cycle
G1 is the usual resting
state for most cells.
"G" stands for gap.
Once the cell passes the
start point it is committed
to cell division.
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Cell biology
Mitosis - Cell cycle
During the S phase both
DNA and DNA related
proteins are made. This is
the
phase
where
a
duplicate copy of the
cell's DNA is made.
"S" represents synthesis.
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Cell biology
Mitosis - Cell cycle
During the G2 phase the
cell prepares to divide.
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Cell biology
Mitosis - Cell cycle
Mitosis is the phase where
the cell actually divides.
There are four phases :
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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Cell biology
Mitosis
During interphase the
chromosomes
were
duplicated.
Sister chromatids
These
chromosome
parts both remain in
close association.
At this time, the
chromosome consists
of two chromatids
held together at the
centromere.
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Centromere
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Prophase
Nucleus
During prophase, the
chromosomes condense to
become well defined.
Nucleolus
Chromosome
During late prophase, the
nuclear envelope's outer
membrane dissolves.
Centromere
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Metaphase
During metaphase, the
spindle appears and the
chromosomes migrate to
the center of the former
nucleus.
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Anaphase
Spindle fibers become attached
to specialized proteins on the
centromeres of each sister
chromatid.
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Anaphase
In anaphase, the spindles
contract to pull the sister
chromatids to opposite sides of
the cell. Each is now considered
a daughter chromosomes.
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Anaphase
During anaphase, the sister
chromatids separate into
daughter chromosomes.
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Telophase
During
telophase,
the
chromosomes
migrate
to
their separate cells and the
cell plate begins to form.
Cell plate
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Telophase
Finally, the cells separate
into duplicate daughter cells.
New cell
wall
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Cell biology
Mitosis
Prophase
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Metaphase
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Anaphase
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Telophase
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