A time of great change
The Victorian period saw many major developments that made travel, communications and trade easier for many people.
What are these inventions? Who invented them? When were they invented?
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object
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inventor
date of invention
Now, write sentences :
1 – The ……………………………………….. was invented in ………………….. by …………………………………………………….
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THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
 Go to : http://www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/Homework/victorians/industrialrevolution.html
 Complete the text :
During the 1800s, the ………………………………………………………………………………………….. spread throughout Britain.
B r i t a i n c h a n g e s f r o m a ………………………… s o c i e t y t o a n …………………………. o n e .
In 1837, Britain was still a rural nation with ……………..% of the population living in the ……………………………… . Most people were
……………………………………. or spun wool and cotton to weave into cloth. Soon new machines were invented that could do these jobs in a
fraction of the time. This left many people out of ………………………….., so they flocked to the towns in search of …………………………. in new
…………………………………………………. . By the middle of the nineteenth century over …………………% of the population lived in towns and cities.
The Age of Steam
The Industrial Revolution rapidly gained pace during Victoria's reign because of the power of ……………………………….. . Victorian engineers
developed bigger, faster and more powerful machines that could run whole ……………………………………………… . This led to a massive increase
in the number of factories (particularly in ………………………………………………. factories or mills).
By 1870, over 100,000 steam engines were at work throughout Britain. The industry depended on steam and steam depended on ………………
The number of coalfields doubled between 1851 and 1881.
Despite the growing wealth due to ……………………………… and commerce, many of the working people, who actually produced the wealth,
lived, worked and died in very ……………………………… conditions.
Working conditions
Many factory owners put ………………………………… above the ………………………………….. and ……………………………………………… of their workers.
…………………………………………… and young women were employed in terrible conditions in textile mills and ……………………………………….. .
Furnaces were operated without proper safety checks. Workers in factories and mills were deafened by steam hammers and machinery.
hours were …………………………………. and there were no …………………………………………………… .
 Vocabulary : Use an online dictionary to translate the words in French.
countryside (n.) =
cotton mill (n.) =
spin / spun (v.) =
coal (n.) =
wool (n.) =
coalfield (n.) =
weave (v.) =
trade (n.) =
cloth (n.) =
wealth (n.) =
flock (v.) =
owner (n.) =
steam (n.) =
health (n.) =
powerful (adj.) =
furnace (n.)=
factory (n.) =
safety (n.) =
increase (n.) =
deafen (v.)=
 Answer the questions.
1) Tick the proper definition of “industrial revolution”
 employment of children
 change to industrial methods of production
 change to agricultural methods
 leaving the countryside to go to cities
2) What change happened to Britain during the industrial revolution?
3) What did people leave the countryside to flock to cities for?
4) What invention made the industrial revolution possible?
5) What industries were concerned by the industrial revolution?
6) What did steam machines depend on?
7) Who worked in the factories?
8) How were the workers treated? Why? Give two examples.