NAME
CLASS
DATE
Section 1 Guided Reading and Review
Our Political Beginnings
CHAPTER
2
A. As You Read
As you read the section, answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper.
Basic Concepts of Government
1. What is ordered government?
2. What is limited government?
3. What is representative government?
Landmark English Documents
4. H ow did the M agna Carta affect English government?
5. H ow did the Petition of Right affect English government?
6. H ow did the English Bill of Rights affect English government?
Government in the Colonies
7. H ow were royal colonies governed?
8. H ow were proprietary colonies governed?
9. H ow were charter colonies governed?
B. Reviewing Key Terms
M atch the descriptions in Column I with the terms in Column II.
Write the correct letter in each blank.
Column I
Column II
_____ 10. written grant of authority from the king to
establish a colony
a. limited government
b. representative government
_____ 11. government that is not all-powerful
c. M agna Carta
_____ 12. consisting of two houses, as in a legislature
d. charter
_____ 13. government that serves the will of the people
e. bicameral
_____ 14. document written in 1215 limiting the power
of the English monarchy
f.
Chapter 2, Section 1 Guided Reading and Review
unicameral
9
NAME
CLASS
DATE
Section 1
Our Political Beginnings
CHAPTER
2
© Prentice-Hall, Inc.
SARGENT ©Austin-American Statesman. Reprinted with permission of
UNIVERSAL PRESS SYNDICATE. All rights reserved.
The development of the United States judicial system has roots at least as far back as the 1100s. It
has continued to develop in recent years, with much publicized cases like the 1995 trial of football
and movie star O .J. Simpson capturing the attention of the media and the world. Simpson, accused
of murdering his ex-wife and another man, was tried and acquitted. Study the cartoon below and
answer the questions that follow.
Interpreting Political Cartoons
1. What are the first three figures in the cartoon meant to represent?
2. What are the figures shown under 1995 supposed to represent? Why did the cartoonist
select this theme?
3. Recognizing Bias Do you think the cartoon portrays the evolution of our judicial system
fairly? Why?
Political Cartoons
7
NAME
CLASS
DATE
Section 2 Guided Reading and Review
The Coming of Independence
CHAPTER
2
A. As You Read
The dates on the chart below ind icate impo rtant d evelopments an d event s related to American
independence. As you read Section 2, fill in the chart by writing a brief description of the significance of each date listed.
Year/Date
Description of Event
1. 1643
2. 1696
3. 1754
4. 1765
5. 1770, M arch 5
6. 1772
7. 1773, December 16
8. 1774, Spring
9. 1774, September 5
10. 1775, April 19
11. 1775, M ay 10
12. 1776, June 7
13. 1776, July 2
14. 1776, July 4
15. 1781, M arch 1
B. Reviewing Key Terms
Define the following key terms.
16. delegates__________________________________________________________________________
17. confederation _____________________________________________________________________
18. repeal ____________________________________________________________________________
Chapter 2, Section 2 Guided Reading and Review
11
NAME
CHAPTER
2
CLASS
DATE
Section 2
The Coming of Independence
© Prentice-Hall, Inc.
“You know, the idea of taxation with representation
doesn’t appeal to me very much, either.”
©The New Yorker Collection 1970 J.B. Handelsman from cartoonbank.com. All Rights Reserved.
In the 1760s, British taxes such as the Stamp Act enraged many American colonists, who objected
to “ taxation without representation.” This famous phrase has survived as an expression of
American hostility toward unfair laws and oppressive taxation. Study the cartoon below and
answer the questions that follow.
Interpreting Political Cartoons
1. What is the setting of this cartoon?
2. What opinion is the character expressing about taxation?
3. Do you think the opinion expressed by the characters in the cartoon is representative of
the time they lived in or more appropriate to current times?
4. Recognizing Cause and Effect If the view of the colonists shown here had been prevalent
in the revolutionary era, do you think that would have affected the outcome of the Revolution and the events that followed?
8
Political Cartoons
NAME
CLASS
DATE
Section 3 Guided Reading and Review
The Critical Period
CHAPTER
2
A. As You Read
As you read Section 3, answer the questions below on a separate piece of paper or in the space
provided.
The Articles of Confederation
1. Describe the structure of the government set up by the Articles of Confederation.
Fill in the chart below with the 10 powers granted to Congress under the Articles.
Congressional Powers Under the Articles of Confederation
2.____________________________________
7.____________________________________
3.____________________________________
8.____________________________________
4.____________________________________
9.____________________________________
5.____________________________________
10. __________________________________
6.____________________________________
11. __________________________________
12. What obligations did States have to one another?
13. What obligations did States have to citizens?
14. What powers did Congress not have?
The Critical Period, the 1780s
15. What government action took place in response to Shays’ Rebellion?
A N eed for Stronger Government
16. What was the goal of the Constitutional Convention?
B. Reviewing Key Terms
Define the following key terms.
17. ratification ________________________________________________________________________
18. presiding officer ___________________________________________________________________
Chapter 2, Section 3 Guided Reading and Review
13
NAME
CLASS
DATE
Section 3
The Critical Period
CHAPTER
2
©The New Yorker Collection 1984 Dana Fradon from cartoonbank.com. All Rights Reserved.
© Prentice-Hall, Inc.
The period before the drafting and signing of the Constitution was a critical period for the future of
the United States of America. A group of former colonies with different resources, aspirations, and
philosophies had to decide how they were going to unite to become one country with one central
government. Study the cartoon below and answer the questions that follow.
Interpreting Political Cartoons
1. What historical figures are shown here?
2. What are they trying to do?
3. Why do you think they are looking at so many flags? What do you think makes their
decision so difficult?
4. Identifying Central Issues What is the main point being made in this cartoon?
Political Cartoons
9
NAME
CLASS
DATE
Section 4: Guided Reading and Review
CHAPTER
2
Creating the Constitution
A. As You Read
The chart below outlines the initial plans for a constitution and the “bundle of compromises” that
resulted from the various plans. As you read Section 4, complete the chart by filling in the boxes
provided.
Plan
or Compromise
Virginia Plan
Provisions
1.
three separate branches, bicameral
legislature, representation based on
population or wealth of State, lower
house popularly elected, upper house
chosen by States, veto power over
State laws, Congress chooses executive
and judiciary, veto power of executive
and judiciary over Congress
unicameral legislature, States equally
New Jersey Plan
Connecticut
Compromise
© Pearson Education, Inc.
Commerce and
Slave Trade
Compromise
2. large States and wealthy
States
3. represented, limited power to tax and
4. small States
5. bicameral Congress with membership in
6. all States
regulate trade, more than one executive
chosen by legislature, State governors
could remove executive, judiciary
appointed by executive
House based on population and in
Senate based on equal numbers for
each State
In northern States both taxes and
Three-Fifths
Compromise
Type of States
That Benefited
were based on
7. representation
population; Southerners could add
8. southern States for
9. Congress was forbidden to tax exports
10. southern States
three-fifths of the enslaved toward
representation, but they also had to
count them toward taxes owed to the
National Government.
and to pass laws against slave trade
for at least 20 years.
population count, northern
States for taxation
11. Name a group whose interests seem to have been ignored, or even harmed, by the
enslaved African Americans
compromises that created the Constitution. ____________________________________
B. Reviewing Key Terms
On a separate sheet of paper, use the key term below in a sentence
that shows the meaning of the term.
12. Framers Sentences should indicate that Framers were delegates to the Philadelphia Convention, and authors of
the Constitution.
Guided Reading and Review
Chapter 2 23
NAME
CHAPTER
2
CLASS
DATE
Section 4
Creating the Constitution
© Prentice-Hall, Inc.
William Costello/Indianapolis News
When the Framers met to draft the Constitution, they faced an enormously challenging task. Issues
that they debated then, such as which branch of government would have the authority to declare
war, still raise questions in our time. Study the cartoon below and answer the questions that follow.
Interpreting Political Cartoons
1. Who are the characters gathered around the table supposed to be?
2. What are they doing?
3. What is the significance of the captions? What does the interaction between the characters demonstrate about the Constitution?
4. Identifying Assumptions According to the Constitution, does the President really have
the power to declare war?
10
Political Cartoons