Lesson 2 – Determining Density
• You will use mass and volume
measurements to calculate the densities of
water, regular shaped objects, and
irregular shaped objects.
Lesson 2 –
• How do you calculate mass, volume, and
density?
• What does density measure?
Lesson 2
If I change the amount of substance I have, then
the density will _______ because density ____
dependent on the quantity of substance.
• In your science notebook, write what you think
the difference is between mass and volume.
• Write your own definition for mass and volume in
your science notebook. Include the units you
would use for measuring each of them.
• Read “Useful Calculations” on page 16 in the
Properties of Matter workbook.
Lesson 2
Pages 16-19.
Lesson 2
2.1 Questions
A. What is the unit of measure for the
graduated cylinder?
B. What is the maximum volume it can
measure?
C. What is the minimum volume it can
measure?
D. What is the number of units measured by
the smallest division on its scale?
2.1 Procedure
Write down the procedure you would use to
find the mass of 50 mL of water.
•
Measure the mass of an empty graduated cylinder
and record the mass.
•
Measure 50 mL of water into a graduated cylinder.
•
Add the water to the empty graduated cylinder
and measure the mass of the graduated cylinder
and the water and record the mass.
•
To find the mass of 50 mL of water, subtract the
mass of the empty graduated cylinder from the
mass of the graduated cylinder + the 50 mL of
water.
2.1 Calculating Mass
Volume
Mass of
Mass of
Mass
of
Graduated Graduated
of
Water Cylinder (g) Cylinder and Water
Water (g)
(cm3)
(g)
25
50
Density
of
water
(g/cm3)
2.1 Follow-up
1. Changing the volume of water ________
change the density of water.
2. Changing the mass of water _______
change the density of water.
3. The density of water is _______.
4. Changing the mass or volume of water
_________ change the density of water.
2.2 Questions
1. Do all of the blocks have the same
density? Why or why not?
2. What evidence do you have to support
your answer?
3. What measurements will you need to
make to test your hypothesis?
2.2
Comparing the Densities of Different Substances
Substance Length (l)
(cm)
Width (w)
(cm)
Height (h)
(cm)
Volume (v)
(cm3)
(v=l x w x h)
Mass
(m)
(g)
Mass of
1 cm3
(density
in g/cm3)
(m/v)
2.2 Follow-up
1. Are the densities of the different
substances the same or different?
2. How could you use this information to
identify the substance from which an
object is made? (Hint: If I didn’t know
what an object was made of, how could I
use density to help me find out?)
2.3
Comparing the Densities of Different Substances
Object/
substance
Mass
(g)
Volume of Volume of Volume of
water
water and object (mL)
without object (mL)
object (mL)
Density
(g/cm3)
2.3 Follow-up
1. Are any of the blocks from 2.2 or objects
from this inquiry made from the same
substance? How do you know?
2. How do the densities of the objects
compare to the density of water?
Lesson 2 Reflections
1. What is the difference between mass
and volume? (include units)
2. How did you calculate the density of an
object? (include units)
3. Does changing the amount of a
substance change its density?
4. If two objects are made from the same
substance, will they have the same
density?
Lesson 2 –Conclusion
• Density is calculated by dividing the mass by the volume;
measured in grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm3).
• Mass is the amount of matter in an object; measured in
grams. (quantity)
• Volume is the amount of space taken up by an object;
measured in mL or cm3. (space)
• Different objects made of the same material will have the
same density. (characteristic property)
• Changing the amount of a substance does not change
the density of the substance.
• Mass is not affected by shape.
• Density is a characteristic property of matter.
• Characteristic property - property that is independent of
mass, volume, and shape………………..
Lesson 2 -
(1-2)
16. density - the mass of a known volume
of a substance; measured in g/cm3.
17. weight - a measure of the force of
gravity.
18. mass - the amount of matter in an
object; measured in g or kg.
19. gram - a metric unit used to measure
mass
20. volume - the amount of space occupied
by matter; measured in L, mL, cm3, or m3.
Lesson 2 -
(2-2)
21. solid - a phase or state of matter in
which a substance has definite shape and
volume.
22. characteristic property - an attribute
that can be used to help identify a
substance; not affected by the mass,
volume, or shape of a substance; refers to
substances, not objects.