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Movement of Substances In and
Out of Cells
Question Paper
Level
Subject
Exam Board
Unit
Topic
Booklet
IGCSE
Biology (4401)
AQA
B3
Movement of Substances In and Out of Cells
Question Paper
Time Allowed:
54 minutes
Score:
/54
Percentage:
/100
Grade Boundaries:
Page 1
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Q1.The image below shows an epithelial cell from the lining of the small intestine.
(a)
(i)
In the image above, the part of the cell labelled A contains chromosomes.
What is the name of part A?
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
How are most soluble food molecules absorbed into the epithelial cells of
the small intestine?
Draw a ring around the correct answer.
diffusion
osmosis
respiration
(1)
(b)
Suggest how the highly folded cell surface helps the epithelial cell to absorb soluble
food.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(1)
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(c)
Epithelial cells also carry out active transport.
(i)
Name one food molecule absorbed into epithelial cells by active
transport.
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
Why is it necessary to absorb some food molecules by active transport?
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(1)
(ii)
Suggest why epithelial cells have many mitochondria.
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(2)
(d)
Some plants also carry out active transport.
Give one substance that plants absorb by active transport.
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(1)
(Total 8 marks)
Q2.Gas exchange takes place in the lungs.
The diagram shows an alveolus next to a blood capillary in a lung.
The arrows show the movement of two gases, A and B.
Page 3
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(a)
(i)
Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.
diffusion.
Gases A and B move by osmosis.
respiration.
(1)
(ii)
Gas A moves from the blood to the air in the lungs.
Gas A is then breathed out.
Name Gas A.
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(iii)
Which cells in the blood carry Gas B?
Draw a ring around the correct answer.
platelets
red blood cells
white blood cells
(1)
(b)
The average number of alveoli in each human lung is 280 million.
Page 4
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The average surface area of 1 million alveoli is 0.25 m2.
Calculate the total surface area of a human lung.
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Answer ...................................................................... m2
(2)
(c)
An athlete trains to run a marathon. The surface area of each of the athlete’s lungs
has increased to 80 m2.
Give one way in which this increase will help the athlete.
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(1)
(Total 6 marks)
Q3.The diagram below shows a cross-section of a plant root. The transport tissues are labelled.
(a)
(i)
What is tissue A?
Draw a ring around the correct answer.
cuticle
epidermis
xylem
(1)
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(ii)
Name two substances transported by tissue A.
1 .............................................................................................................
2 .............................................................................................................
(2)
(b)
Phloem is involved in a process called translocation.
(i)
What is translocation?
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(1)
(ii)
Explain why translocation is important to plants.
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(2)
(c)
Plants must use active transport to move some substances from the soil into root
hair cells.
(i)
Active transport needs energy.
Which part of the cell releases most of this energy?
Tick (✓) one box.
mitochondria
nucleus
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ribosome
(1)
(ii)
Explain why active transport is necessary in root hair cells.
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(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Q4.(a)
Control systems help to keep conditions in the human body relatively constant.
What is the general name for the processes that keep body conditions relatively
constant?
Draw a ring around the correct answer.
eutrophication
homeostasis
hydrotropism
(1)
(b)
The concentration of glucose in the blood is controlled by hormones.
Use the correct answer from the box to complete each sentence.
glucagon
kidney
glycerol
liver
glycogen
pancreas
When the blood glucose concentration increases, an organ called
Page 7
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the ............................................ releases the hormone insulin.
Insulin causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells of the muscles
and the ............................................ .
Inside these organs, the glucose is changed into a carbohydrate called
............................................ , which can be stored.
When the blood glucose concentration falls, another hormone is released,
which causes the storage carbohydrate to break down into glucose again.
This hormone is called ............................................ .
(4)
(c)
A person with Type 1 diabetes does not make enough insulin.
The person needs to test their blood at intervals throughout the day.
If the concentration of glucose in their blood is too high, the diabetic person needs to
inject insulin.
(i)
Insulin is a protein.
It must be injected and cannot be taken by mouth.
Explain why.
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(2)
(ii)
Apart from injecting insulin, give one other way that a diabetic person
could help to control the concentration of glucose in their blood.
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(1)
Page 8
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(d)
Pet dogs have been trained to detect if the concentration of glucose in the blood of
their diabetic owners is outside the normal healthy range. These dogs are called
‘medical response dogs’.
The dogs respond in different ways. They may bark, jump up, or stare at their
owners.They may even fetch a blood-testing kit.
(i)
Suggest what stimulus the dogs might be responding to when they
behave like this.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
Table 1 shows how the concentration of glucose varied in blood samples
from five diabetic people. Measurements were made both before and
after getting a medical response dog.
Table 1
Mean percentage of blood samples with
different concentrations of glucose
from the five diabetic people
Number of
blood samples
measured
Low glucose
Within normal
range of
glucose
High glucose
Before getting a dog
1704
32.6
54.8
12.6
After getting a dog
1724
18.6
61.6
19.8
A survey was made of the effect of a medical response dog on the lives of 16
diabetic people.
Table 2 shows how well these diabetic people agreed with each statement in
the survey.
Table 2
Totally
agree
Somewh
at
agree
Neither
agree
nor
disagree
Somewhat
disagree
Totally
disagree
I am more independent
since getting my dog.
12
2
2
0
0
There are disadvantages to
having a medical response
dog.
0
0
4
4
8
Statement in survey
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I trust my dog to alert me
when my sugar levels are
low.
11
3
1
0
1
I trust my dog to alert me
when my sugar levels are
high.
6
7
0
1
2
Evaluate how useful medical response dogs are for warning diabetic people
that the concentration of glucose in their blood is outside the normal range.
Use information from Tables 1 and 2.
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(5)
(e)
Table 3 shows the concentrations of some substances in the urine of a non-diabetic
person and in the urine of a diabetic person.
Table 3
Concentration of substance in urine in g per
dm3
Substance
Non-diabetic person
Diabetic person
Protein
0
0
Glucose
0
2.0
20.0
19.5
Urea
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Sodium ions
6.0
5.8
Compare the results for the non-diabetic person and the diabetic person.
Give reasons for any differences.
Use your knowledge of how the kidney works.
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(5)
(Total 19 marks)
Q5.The photographs show the same cells of a common pond plant.
Photograph A shows the cells in a hypotonic solution.
Photograph B shows the same cells in a hypertonic solution.
Photograph A
Page 11
Photograph B
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A & B AELODEA IN HYPOTONIC SOLUTION by fickleandfreckled [CC- BY-2.0], via Flickr.
(a)
What is a hypertonic solution?
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(2)
(b)
What word is used to describe plant cells placed in:
(i)
a hypotonic solution
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
a hypertonic solution?
...............................................................................................................
(1)
(c)
Explain what has happened to the plant cells in Photograph B.
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........................................................................................................................
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(4)
(d)
Animal cells will also change when placed in different solutions.
Some red blood cells are put in a hypotonic solution.
Describe what would happen to these red blood cells and explain why this is
different from what happened to the plant cells in Photograph A.
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(4)
(Total 12 marks)
Page 13