FOR EUROPEAN RECOVERY
tufrun It TNI
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
This is the shield
that has been designed
to inform the people of
the participating coun­
tries of the part^Ae
United States
ing in providing goods
and commodities to
assist i n E u r o p e a n
recovery.
Commodities
shipped to E u r o p e
with EGA financing
will carry the above
identification wherever
practicable.
ECONOMIC COOPERATION ADMINISTRATION
800 Connecticut Avenue NW.
WASHINGTON 25, D. G.
U . 8 . eoVERNHENT P A I K T I H g O F F I C e r 1 8 4
22
—K-
•••
American
Business
O
^
and
European
Recovery
o
SECOND EDITION
Economic Cooperation Administration
PAUL G. HOFFMAN
Administrator
by their home governments.
Some procurement
probably will continue to be handled by purchasing
missions of the participating countries. In addition,
procurement agencies of the United States Govern­
ment such as the Department of Agriculture, Depart­
ments of the Army and Navy, and Bureau of Federal
Supply, will continue to procure for all coimtries cer­
tain commodities, and also other materials required by
Greece, Trieste, Austria, and Bizone Germany.
Choice of Supplies Up To Participating
Nations
EGA will approve the purchase of specific classes of
commodities by the participating countries, but does
not decide which American exporters are to do busi­
ness with Europe, nor which brands of a particular
product will be paid for with EGA money. The nor­
mal competitive processes of free enterprise will
vail, insofar as possible, so that private chann^Af
trade will be strengthened.
ERP countries will have dollar credits of their own—
in addition to funds made available by EGA—with
which they can import goods not included in the EGAfinanced program. This makes it doubly important
that the United States exporter proceed with his nor­
mal solicitation of business from importers in the ERP
countries without waiting to find out how many EGA
dollars have been made available for particular types
of goods.
Exporters who are seeking advice and assistance
on methods of doing business with ERP countries, on
selecting foreign selling outlets, and on any other
specific foreign trade problems should call or write to
the nearest Department of Gommerce field office.
A list of these field offices is contained in this booklet.
Requirements for EC A Aid
The extension of aid to Europe by the United
is made contingent upon continuous effort of the^Rticipating European countries to establish a joint re­
covery program. This program is based upon each
country's—
1. Promoting industrial and agricultural production
to the end that it may become independent of extraor­
dinary outside aid.
2. Taking financial and monetary measures neces­
sary to stabilize its currency, establish or maintain a
valid rate of exchange and generally to restore or main­
tain confidence in its monetary system.
3. Gooperating with other participating countries to
increase interchange of goods and services among the
participating countries and to reduce barriers to trade
among themselves and with other countries.
2
4. Making full use of the resources of each partici­
pating country including control over assets and earn­
ings which belong to nationals and which are located
in the United States.
5. Facilitating procurement by the United States for
stock-piling purposes of materials which are required
by the United States as a result of deficiencies, or po­
tential deficiencies, in its resources.
6. Depositing in a special account an amount of its
own currency commensurate with the cost of materials
provided by the United States for which repayment is
not required. These local currency funds will be used
for purposes mutually agreed to by the participating
country and the United States.
7. Publishing in such country a full statement of
operations, including a report of the use of funds,
commodities, and services received under the act.
8. Furnishing promptly, upon request of the United
any relevant information which would be of
a!>\».ance in determining the nature and scope' of
operations and the use of assistance provided.
Loans or Grants?
Grants are made to nations, not to their citizens.
Citizens of participating countries pay in their own
currency for all goods financed by EGA. In no sense
do they receive "something for nothing,"
EGA also may make loans to participating coun­
tries. The proportion of loans to grants in the case of
each participating nation is arrived at separately, tak­
ing into account the long-range capacity of that na­
tion to repay and the nature of the commodities to be
financed with EGA funds.
Counterpart Funds
ERP nations receiving commodities financed by
grants must deposit a commensurate amount of local
currency in a fund to be used at the discretion of that
c^-jRry and the Administrator of EGA, after making
a Jifcvision of sums equal to at least 5 percent of the
total for local currency expenses of the United States
Government including operations of the United States
Government in acquiring or developing raw materials
in short supply in the United States. It is contem­
plated that local currency fimds will be used to fur­
ther the purposes of the recovery program generally
by defraying local costs of recovery projects and by
being used in such a way as to contribute to the finan­
cial stability of the participating countries.
A 4-Year Program
American aid is based upon a 4-year program. A
permanent underwriting of European deficits by the
United States Government is not intended.
3
Protection of Domestic Economy
The Administrator is charged with providing for
commodity procurement in such a way as to (1) min­
imize the drain upon the resources of the United States
and the impact of such procurement upon the domestic
economy, and (2) avoid impairing the fulfillment of
vital needs of the people of the United States. It is
believed that there will be little change in the total
volume of American exports. The shift will be pri­
marily in the means of financing the exports, and to
some extent in the kind of goods exported.
For commodities purchased in bulk EGA may not
pay more than the price prevailing in the United States
adjusted for freight costs and quality of products con­
cerned.
Private Investment Abroad
To stimulate private participation in Europey^econstruction, by American business, a portion offl^A
funds is available to make guaranties connected with
new private investments. This is a guaranty only of
the conversion into dollars of earnings from approved
private investments or of the proceeds of the liquida­
tion of such approved private investments, provided
that the total of dollars so converted does not exceed
the actual paid-in value of the investment. EGA does
not underwrite normal business risks, nor does it guar­
antee profitable return from an investment even
though the investment may have been authorized.
In order to be eligible for guaranties, projects have
to be approved both by EGA and the foreign govern­
ment involved. (See EGA Regulation No. 4.)
Informational Media
To promote the reading of American books, maga­
zines, and newspapers in Europe (and the showing of
American films) the Administrator is authorized to
convert into dollars foreign currencies receiv^ftby
American informational media up to the amoilKof
their dollar costs. This involves no guaranty of
profits, nor may profits in excess of dollar costs be
converted from local currencies to dollars.
Cooperation Among the Participants
The United States seeks above all the mutual coop­
eration of these nations to the end of genuine economic
self-support on their part. The United States is help­
ing them to help themselves, recognizing that American
resources can be of little real help unless Europe's own
resources are well and fully used. The objective was
expressed by the United States Special Representative,
W. Averell Harriman, in Paris when he said, "The
United States wants to make Europe self-sustaining
4
and then get out and tend to our own business at home.
The sooner we can push this program through and get
out, the happier the American people will be."
Technical Assistance
The services of American consultants and engineers,
if desired by participating countries, will be applied
for in much
same manner as material. The re­
quests will be evaluated for their contribution to the
whole of the recovery program, and countries au­
thorized to pay for such services will contract with
individual engineers and consultants, presumably on a
fee basis.
How Purchases Are Authorized Under EC A
Overseas, the Organization for European Economic
Cooperation, with the particular OEEC country inv^:^d and the chief of Ae EGA mission, decides what
tl^ country requires from the United States.
The Administrator then discusses the programs
with:
1. Appropriate departments or agencies of the Gov­
ernment, who advise on whether the United States can
spare the requested goods and in what quantity. On
this question, the Administrator may also consult with
his industry advisory committees.
2. The National Advisory Council on International
Monetary and Financial Problems (members: the sec­
retaries of Treasury, State, and Commerce, the Federal
Reserve Board chairman, and the head of the ExportImport Bank). The NAG gives its opinion as to the
desirable ratio of grant to loan.
He also reviews the programs in the light of U. S.
foreign policy and for consistency with EGA obliga­
tions.
When the Administrator has made his decision he
isms a procurement authorization to the participatirj^^ountry, or if necessary, to a United States Govern­
ment procurement agency; and also, in the case of
private procurement, may write a letter of commit­
ment to a supplier or a bank.
The Bizone (American and British zones in Ger­
many) and the French zone are treated as participat­
ing countries. In the case of the Bizone the Adminis­
trator deals with the United States-United Kingdom
occupation authorities on the same basis as he deals
with the governments of other countries. In the case
of the French zone he deals with the French Govern­
ment. The requirements of colonies and dependencies
are submitted with the program of the mother coun­
try, but it is likely that businessmen will have to deal
directly with governments and private enterprises of
5
the colonies and dependencies rather than through the
mother countries.
Procurement Authorizations
The European Governments' requests, covering
specific commodity groups, are screened and weighed
by EGA, and if approved, are announced publicly as
Procurement Authorizations. Some of these author­
izations are not announced until after the order has
been placed, the authorization being made to cover
requests from the participating country for reim­
bursement. In addition they are in very broad terms.
Thus, while in some instances these Procurement
Authorizations represent opportunities for trade,
American exporters need not and should not wait for
such notification before soliciting business abroad.
The pertinent contents of Procurement Authorizations
approved by EGA are issued as press releases by ECA
and are relayed to the Commercial Intelligence
of the Department of Commerce in Washington ana to
the 42 field offices of the Department of Commerce.
Whom the American Exporter Should Contact
There are three groups of possible participants in
the purchases authorized by EGA; (a) Foreign pri­
vate importers; (b) foreign government purchasing
missions; (c) United States Government procurement
agencies.
Foreign Importers
Exporters who have established business contacts
with agents and distributors in Europe, or who are
selling there through branches, should continue to
solicit business as they have done in the past. Those
who have no regular foreign distribution outlets can
approach European buyers by mail, by direct visitor
by contacting individual business visitors or d^K.tions coming to this country. (They can als(^ell
through merchant exporters or export agents in this
country who have sales oi^anizations or contacts
abroad.) The European importer will consult with
his Government regarding the need for a particular
product as part of the recovery program. He will also
obtain permission from his Government to pay for his
goods with dollars that are set aside for EGA financing.
The European importer—not the United States ex­
porter—requests permission to use EGA dollars to
pay for a shipment, and will establish means of pay­
ment through usual banking channels.
Arrangements for the soliciting of orders, the re­
questing of export and import licenses and exchange
6
permits, the shipping and storing of goods, and the
payment for individual shipments will be initiated and
carried through by the private exporter in the United
States and the importer in Europe.
The Office of International Trade of the Depart­
ment of Commerce maintains lists of foreign importers
and dealers which are obtainable from its field offices
upon request for a nominal fee. Names also may be
obtained from American banks having representatives
abroad.
Purchasing Missions for EGA Countries
Officers of the Department of State have informed
representatives of governments having purchasing mis­
sions in this country that the United States, while rec­
ognizing the valuable services performed by the mis­
sions during the war emergency, nevertheless believes
tfagMhey should be terminated by the end of the trans^y period. There was also an exchange of views
concerning the operations of the missions pending
their termination.
The policy of this Government, as explained to the
representatives of the foreign governments concerned,
favors the use of private commercial channels in in­
ternational trade. Although it is recognized that dur­
ing the transition period the continuance of govern­
mental participation in trade may be required to bring
about the prompt reconversion of the economies of the
world, stability of prices, and equitable distribution of
available supplies, it was pointed out that it is ^e
policy of the United States that such foreign trading
agencies should conduct their trade, and select their
suppliers, in accordance with usual commercial con­
siderations.
With these policies in mind, the United States State
Department expressed the view that the missions
d limit their operations during the transition
d to the procurement of commodities necessary
to meet essential civilian requirements for relief and
rehabilitation. The Department also took the posi­
tion that purchasing missions should use normal trade
channels to the maximum extent practicable and that
their purchasing methods should be in accord with
commercial considerations.
The agent of the participating country is usually
a private importer located in the foreign country,
but may be a purchasing mission or firm located in
the United States. Practices vary from country to
country and depend on the goods involved although
most of the participating countries follow a general
policy of utilizing private channels whenever possible.
The Embassies and Legations of the participating
»
802088®—48
2
7
countries have provided the following summaries of
their activities in connection with EGA purchases:
Austria: Most EGA authorizations to date have cov­
ered items which are handled through the U. S. Gov­
ernment procurement agencies. Other EGA authori­
zations have been handled through private importers
in Austria. (The Austrian Purchasing Mission pur­
chases only war surplus materials with RFC funds.)
Belgium: The Belgian Economic Mission, 1780
Massachusetts Avenue NW., Washington, D. G., buys
coal, wheat, and tin plate for Belgium and Luxem­
bourg. Other items are handled through private
trade channels.
Denmark: All purchases through private trade
channels.
France: With the exception of a limited number of
items, purchases are handled through private firms,
nationalized firms, or import associations. The lat­
ter, known as "groupements," maintain a numj^^f
offices in Washington and New York, and purchlKon
behalf of their members. Lists are obtainable from
the French Embassy in Washington. The Naval Ma­
terials Mission and the Public Works Mission, both in
Washington, D. G., purchase supplies for their respec­
tive ministries in France. The French Supply Gommission does not buy.
Germany {American-British Zone): Although some
imports, particularly food, fertilizers, and petroleum,
continue to be handled by the Military Government
(through the U. S. procurement agencies), purchase
of an increasing volume of commodities for the Bizonal
Area is in the hands of private German im­
porters, subject to approval by the Joint Export-Im­
port Agency in Germany.
Germany [French Zone): AW procurement for
French Zone is handled by the Office du Gommerce
Exterieur (OFIGOMEX), 36 Hauptstrasse, Lichtenthal (17-b) Baden-Baden, Germany, French^^ne
of Occupation. This organization is represen^Rn
the United States by Mr. A. Kessler, % French ^Rip­
ply Gouncil, 1800 Massachusetts Ave. NW., Wash­
ington, D. G.
Greece: Many purchases of bulk commodities
(mainly wheat) are being made through United States
Government procurement agencies. Other trade is
handled through private channels.
Iceland: All purchases through private trade chan­
nels.
Ireland: Uses private trade channels almost exclu­
sively.
Italy: All purchases through private trade channels,
except coal, which is handled by the Italian Goal
Procurement Agency, 1424 K St. NW., Washington,
D. G.; cereals, purchased by the Federazione Italiana
8
dei Consorzi Agrari, 740 Eleventh St. NW., Washing­
ton, D. C.j and petroleum products, which are pur­
chased through Comitato Italiano Petroli, Rome,
Italy. The Italian Technical Delegation (an agency
of the Italian Government), 740 Eleventh St. NW.,
Washington, D. C., coordinates all transactions relat­
ing to the European Recovery Program and makes
occasional purchases, principally of scarce commodi­
ties, for Italian Government agencies.
Luxembourg. (See Belgium.)
Netherlands: Most purchases are made through
private channels. The Netherlands Food Purchasing
Bureau, 2 Broadway, New York, N. Y., continues its
operations on a restricted scale, wheat being its prin­
cipal purchase.
Norway: Goal is bought through Fuel Import of
Norway, 80 Broad Street, New York, N. Y. Some bulk
commodities (such as wheat) have been bought
|®:ugh the U. S. Government procurement agencies,
^^"other items have been handled through private
channels.
Portugal: All buying through private trade channels.
Sweden: Uses private trade channels exclusively.
Switzerland: Uses private trade channels exclu­
sively.
Trieste: All buying for Trieste is handled by U. S.
Government procurement agencies—Information on
trade problems may be obtained from ERP Group,
Civil Affairs Division, Department of the Army, Pen­
tagon Building, Washington, D. C.
Turkey: With the exception noted below, all buy­
ing—government or private—is through private trade
channels. Purchases of locomotives, ships, and allied
equipment is through the Turkish Purchasing Dele­
gation, 333 West 86th Street, New York, N. Y.
United Kingdom: Purchases are made chiefly
through private traders. The British Supply Office,
^^shington, D. G., does no actual purchasing.
United States Government Procurement Agencies
Relatively few items, such as grain, foodstuffs, and
medical supplies, particularly those destined for
Greece, Austria, Trieste, and Bizone Germany will
be purchased by United States Government procure­
ment agencies. United States firms wishing to re­
ceive invitations to bid on this business should notify
the agencies listed below:
Production and Marketing Administration, Depart­
ment of Agriculture, Washington 25, D. C. This
agency handles Commodity Credit Corporation pur­
chases of farm products and foodstuffs. It is impor­
tant to specify the particular type of foodstuff, since
the purchase activity is divided among the following
9
branches: cotton, fats and oils, fruits and vegetables,
grain, livestock, poultry, sugar, tobacco.
Bureau of Federal Supply—Purchase Branchy
Seventh and D Streets SW., Washington, D. C. This
agency handles purchases of nonfoodstuff items rang­
ing from medical supplies to machinery and equip­
ment. Interest in export sales should be specified.
Department of the Army, Office of the Quarter­
master General, Second and Q, Streets SW., Tempo­
rary Building A, Washington 25, D. C. The Army
also purchases through offices located throughout the
United States. A list of these offices is obtainable
from the field offices of the Department of Commerce.
Department of the Navy, Bureau of Supplies and
Accounts, Room 0139, Navy Bldg., 19th and Constitution Ave., Washington 25, D. C. Procurement by
the Navy has been confined largely to petroleum
products and coal.
Export Licenses
Virtually all export shipments from the United
States to Europe must be covered by export licenses,
issued by the Office of International Trade, U. S. De­
partment of Commerce, Washington 25, D. C. ECAfinanced shipments are no exception to this rule.
When the United States exporter receives an order
from an importer in an ERP country, he must apply
to the OIT for an export license, if an export license
is required for the goods ordered. The fact that the
importer's government has authorized him to pay for
the goods in ECA dollars v^'ill in no way alter the nor­
mal licensing procedures of OIT. Neither ECA nor
any other agency of the United States Government
will guarantee the granting of an export license to
cover the shipment.
OIT's licensing procedures are not uniform for all
commodities. For certain items in short supply ioA?
United States, the quantities which may be lic^P'j
for export are limited to a definite quota for each
importing country. In other instances the issuance of
licenses is predicated on presentation by the applicant
of evidence or certification of an accepted order or
contract for the goods or evidence that the goods are
available to the applicant for export.
OIT's export regulations are described in detail in
Comprehensive Export Schedule No. 26 which is
available for 25 cents from the Superintendent of
Documents, Washington 25, D. C.; the Office of In­
ternational Trade, U. S. Department of Commerce,
Washington 25, D. C.; or from any Field Office of
the U. S. Department of Commerce. Amendments
and additions to the Comprehensive Export Schedule
10
are contained in Current Export Bulletins which are
mailed free of charge to all interested persons who
request them.
Import Controls
American exporters may obtain information about
foreign import controls and regulations on their prod­
ucts by writing to the Areas Division, Office of Inter­
national Trade, U. S. Department of Commerce,
Washington 25, D. C., or to any of the Department of
Commerce Field OflBces. Foreign Commerce Weekly^
OIT publication, prints periodic summaries of import
control regulations.
11
FIELD OFFICES, DEPARTMENT OF
COMMERCE
Albuquerque, N. Mex., 203
West Gold Street.
Atlanta 1, Ga., 50 White­
hall Street SW.
Baltimore 2, Md., 103 South
Gay Street.
Boston 9, Mass., 2 India
Street.
Buffalo 3, N. Y., 117 Elliott
Street.
Butte, Mont., 14 West Gran­
ite Street.
Charleston 3, S. C., 18 Broad
Street.
Cheyenne, Wyo., Twentyfirst Street and Carey Ave­
nue.
Chicago 4, 111., 332 South
Michigan Avenue.
Cincinnati 2, Ohio, 105
West Fourth Street.
Cleveland 14, Ohio, 925 Eu­
clid Avenue.
Dallas 2, Tex., 1114 Com­
merce Street.
Denver 2, Colo., 828 Seven­
teenth Street.
Detroit 26, Mich., 230 West
Fort Street.
El Paso 7, Tex., 310 San
Francisco Street.
Hartford 1, Conn., 135 High
Street.
Houston 14, Tex., Federal
Office Building.
Jacksonville 1, Fla., 311 West
Monroe Street .
Kansas City 6, Mo., 911 Wal­
nut Street.
Los Angeles 12, Calif., 312
North Spring Street.
12
liOuisville 1, Ky., 601 North
Broadway.
Memphis 3, Tenn., Federal
Building.
Miami 32, Fla., 36 North­
east First Street.
Milwaukee 1, Wis., 517 East
Wisconsin Avenue.
Minneapolis 1, Minn., 125
South Third Street.
Mobile, Ala., 109 St. Joseph
Street.
New Orleans 12, La., 333 St.
Charles Avenue.
New York 1, N. Y., 350 Fifth
Avenue.
Oklahoma City 2, Okla., 102
Northwest Third Street.
Omaha 2, Nebr., 405 S||^h
Sixteenth Street.
Philadelphia 2, Pa., 42 ^kh
Fifteenth Street.
Phoenix 8, Ariz., 234 North
Central Avenue.
Pittsburgh 19, Pa., 700 Grant
Street.
Portland 4, Oreg., 520 South­
west Morrison Street.
Providence 3, R. I., 24 Weybossett Street.
Reno, Nev., 50 Sierra Street.
Richmond 19, Va., 801 East
Broad Street.
St. Louis 1, Mo., 1114 Mar­
ket Street.
Salt Lake City 1, Utah, 350
South Main Street.
San Francisco 11, Calif., 555
Battery Street.
Savannah, Ga., 125 Bull
Street.
Seattle 4, Wash., 909 First
Avenue.
TRADE LISTS AVAILABLE
Lists of the following claeslficatlons covering firms In most
foreign areas are available In the Commercial Intelligence Branch,
OIT, Department of Commerce, Washington 25, D. C., for ?1 each
per country. Numerous other classifications designed for specific
uses are also available. Symbols below represent: A—Agents;
D—Distributors or Dealers; E—Exporters ; G—Growers; I—
Importers; M—Manufacturers; P—Producers ; R—Refiners.
Copies of lists may be purchased from field offices of the Depart­
ment of Commerce. Inquiries should be directed to these offices
whenever possible.
Advertising.
Aircraft and aeronautical
equipment—I&D.
Alcoholic beverages—ID&M.
Architects, builders, contrac­
tors, and engineers.
Automotive e q u i p m e n t —
I&D.
^^motive products—M.
. and bagging—ID&E.
fineries.
Beverages—M.
Boat and shipbuilders, re­
pairs, and chandlers.
Books, magazines, and peri­
odicals—I&D.
Boots and shoes—ID&M.
Business firms.
Canneries.
Cemtnt—M.
Chemicals—I&D.
Chemicals, synthetic or­
ganic—M.
Clothing—M.
Coal, coke, and fuel—I&D.
Coffee, tea, cocoa—G&E.
Confectionery—ID&M.
Cooperage—ID&E.
Cotton ginneries.
Dairy industry.
Dental supply houses.
Dentists.
Dwartment stores.
W ijoods, clothing—I&D.^
&witrical supplies and equip­
ment—I&D.
Feathers—IL&E.
Feedstuff s—IDM&E.
Fertilizers—M&E.
Fibers—P&E.
Flour mills.
Fruits and nuts—IDG&E.
Furniture—ID&M.
Glass and glassware—ID&M.
Hair and bristles—ID&E.
Hardware—I&D.
Hides and skins—ID&E.
Hospitals.
Hotels.
.
Instruments,
professional,
and scientific—I&D.
Iron, steel, and building ma­
terials—I&D.
Jewelry—I&D.
Laundry and dry cleaning.
Leather and shoe findings—
I&D.
Lumber—lA&E.
Machinery—I&D.
Meat packing, sausage, and
casings.
Medicinal and toilet prepa­
rations—ID&M.
Metal-working plants and
shops.
Motion-picture industry.
Motorbus and transport
companies.
Motor vehicles—I&D.
Musical instruments—I&D.
Naval stores—IDP&E.
Office supplies and equip­
ment—I&D.
Oils, animal, fish and vege­
table—IDPR&E.
P a i n t s and varnishes—
ID&M.
Paper and stationery—I&D.
Petroleum industry.
Photographic supplies deal­
ers and photographers.
Physicians and surgeons.
Plastic materials manufac­
turers and molders of
plastic products.
Printers, lithographers, en­
gravers, and publishers.
Provisions—I&D.
Pulp and paper mills.
Radios and radio equip­
ment—ID&M.
Rice mills.
Rubber goods—M.
Sawmills.
Schools and colleges.
Seeds and bulbs—IDG&E.
Soap—M.
Sporting goods, toys, and
games—I&D.
Sugar mills.
Tanneries.
Textile industry.
Tobacco and tobacco prod­
ucts—ID&M.
Waste paper, rags—I&D.
13
AUTHORIZATIONS BY COUNTRY
April 3-August 11, 1948
COUNTRY
Authorization
$60,417,230
16,406, 115
244,683,535
108,908,215
21,345,273
1, 744,938
52,415,499
128,758,278
73, 913, 916
20,387,969
5,682,608
306,566,200
Austria
Denmark
France
Bizone Germany
French Zone Germany
Belgium
Greece
Italy
Netherlands
Norway
Trieste
United Kingdom
Total Europe
1,041,229,776
65,698, 106
Total all countries
1, 106,927,882
China
14
AUTHORIZATIONS BY COMMODITY
April 3-August II, 1948
EUROPE
5219.929.453
71. |5. 314
Wto' flour
Dairy products
Other food products
Inedible oils and fats
Feeds
Fertilizer
Cotton
TcSacco
Other
SJ'flo'onS
21,548,203
15.
958
56, 186, ^UU
25, 737.800
1,619,994
'"""Si
Petroleum products
Medicines and pharmaceuticals
Chemicals
y ^^onferrous metalsi Hron and steel—primary^-^Iron and steel—advanced
ACTicultural equipment
Industrial equipment
Aircraft, parts and accessories
66.033,000
109» 3|3, 314
5, 384, 7bb
13,301,710
64,959,555
i fi? in?
U 417, lU/
2
3, Ui, 3UU
Lumberr^tc
Other
Ocean frefght
-
Total Europe
11,674,6^4
127. 227. 952
1, 041. 229, 776
CHINA
Food and Agriculture:
Wheat flour
Rice
cittoni::::::
Fertilizer
Ocean freight
15,425,770
„85,000
1,328, 598
Total China
65. 698, 106
Total all countries
1. 106, 927, 882
the total procurement authorizations to date $810,834,3 'was authorized for purchase by participating countries
orTheir authorized agents or importers through trade chan­
nels. Procurement agencies for the remainder were:
AUC
Department of Agriculture
Department of Army
Department of Navy-Bureau of Federal Supply
92, 772, 046
2, 539, 016
4,418,9i^6
296,093,303
15
EGA EXECUTIVES
(WASHINGTON)
Administrator: PAUL G. HOFFMAN
Deputy Administrator: HOWARD BRUCE
Assistant to the Administrator: WAYNE G. TAYLOR
Assistant to Deputy Administrator: C. TYLER WOOD
Special Assistants to the Administrator: MAURICE T.
MOORE, JAMES M. CLEARY, SAMUEL D. RICHARDS,
JAMES J. WADSWORTH
General Counsel: A. I. HENDERSON
Comptroller: ERIC L. KOHLER
Assistant Deputy Administrator:
RICHARD M. BISSELL, JR.
Director, Fiscal and Trade Policy:
ARTHUR SMITHIES
Director, Food and Agriculture Division:
D. A. FITZGERALD
Director, Program Coordination Division:
EDWARD T. DICKINSON
Director, Industry Division: SAMUEL W. ANDERSON
Director of Operations: AUBREY H. HARWOOD
Director, Strategic Materials Division: "EyMi JUST
Director, Procurement Transactions Division:
EDWARD E. KUNZE
Director, Transportation Division: ARTHUR G. SYRAN
Director, Division of Statistics and Reports:
NATHANIEL G. KNOWLES
Labor Advisers:
BERT JEWELL and CLINTON GOLDEN
Director, Division of China Program:
HARLAN CLEVELAND
Director of Administration: DONALD C. STONE
Special Assistant, Overseas Administration:
ALDEN W. BOYD
Director, Administrative Services Division:
ORBUN V. POWELL
^
Director, Organization and Management Divisi<^^L
HARRY H. FITE
^ ^
Director, Personnel Division: VIRGIL L. COUCH
Director of Budget: NORMAN S. TABER
Director, Security and Investigations Division:
J. W. YEAGLEY
Executive Secretary, Central Secretariat:
JOHN GANGE
Director, Office of Information: BRYAN HOUSTON
Director, Domestic Information Division:
WILLIAM WESTLAKE
Director, Foreign Information Division:
ROBERT HUSE
16
(OVERSEAS)
United States Special Representative in Europe:
W. AVERELL HARRIMAN
Deputy U. S. Special Representative in Europe:
WILLIAM C. FOSTER
Special Assistant: JOHN L. TAPPIN
Special Assistant: N. T. BARTLETT
Executive Assistant: LELAND BARROWS
General Counsel: MILTON KATZ
Comptroller: GEORGE F. BREWER
Financial Officer: ARTHUR W. MARGET
Chief, Division of Program Review and Recovery
Progress: HENRY B. ARTHUR
Special Assistant on East-West Trade:
JOSEPH M. MCDANIEL, JR.
Director, Industry Division:
GEO. W. PERKINS
ctor, Food and Agriculture Division:
BEN H. THIBODEAUX
Information Officer: ALFRED FRIENDLY
Chief, Special Mission to Austria: WESTMORE WILCOX
Chief, Special Mission to Belgium:
JAMES G. BLAINE
Chief, Special Mission to China: ROGER D. LAPHAM
Chief, Special Mission to Denmark:
CHARLES A. MARSHALL
Chief, Special Mission to France:
DAVID K. E. BRUCE
Chief, Special Mission to Greece: JOHN NUVEEN, JR.
Chief, Special Mission to Ireland:
JOSEPH E. CARRIGAN
Chief,SpecialMissiontoItaly: JAMES D. ZELLERBAGH
Chief, Special Mission to the Netherlands:
ALLEN VALENTINE
Chief, Special Mission to Norway: A. E. STALEY
Chief, Special Mission to Sweden:
JOHN H. F. HASKELL
f, Special Mission to United Kingdom:
THOMAS K. FINLETTER
Chief, Special Mission to Turkey:
RUSSELL H. DORR
Deputy Chief, Special Mission to Bizone Germany:
NORMAN H. COLLISSON. (W. AVERELL HARRI­
MAN, Chief.)
O
O
17
PUBLIC ADVISORY BOARD
The following were named by the President to serve
on the Public Advisory Board, to advise and consult
with the Administrator:
SARAH G. BLANDINO, President of Vassar College.
JAMES B. CAREY, Secretary-Treasurer of the Congress
of Industrial. Organizations.
JONATHAN W. DANIELS, Editor of the News and Ob­
server, Raleigh, N. C.
ALBERT S. GOSS, Master of the National Grange.
ROBERT H. HINCKLEY, Vice President, American
Broadcasting Company.
ERIC A. JOHNSTON, President of the Motion Picture
Association of America.
ALLEN B. KLINE, President of the American Farm
Bureau Federation.
HERBERT H. LEHMAN, former Governor of New XOTK.
ARION EVERETT LYON, Executive Secretary o
Railway Labor Executives Association.
GEORGE HOUK MEAD, Chairman of the Board, The
Mead Corp., Dayton, Ohio.
GEORGE MEANY, Secretary-Treasurer of the Ameri­
can Federation of Labor.
JAMES G. PATTON, President of the National Farmers
Union.
m
18
ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON FISCAL AND
MONETARY PROBLEMS
GEORGE L. HARRISON, Chairman of the Board of New
York Life Insurance Co.
ALLAN SPROUL, President of Federal Reserve Bank of
New York.
EDWARD EAOLE BROWN, Chairman of the Board, First
National Bank of Chicago.
W. RANDOLPH BUGRESS, Chairman of the Executive
Committee, National City Bank of New York.
J. E. CRANE, Director of Standard Oil of N. J.
JOSEPH M. DODGE, President of the Detroit Bank; also
President of American Bankers Association.
WALTER W. STEWART, Chairman of the Board of
Rockefeller Foundation.
JOHN H. WILLIAMS, Professor of Political Economy,
Harvard University; also Economic Adviser to
^ideral Reserve Bank of New York.
19
PUBLIC ADVISORY BOARD
The following were named by the President to serve
on the Public Advisory Board, to advise and consult
with the Administrator:
SARAH G. BLANDINO, President of Vassar College.
JAMES B. CAREY, Secretary-Treasurer of the Congress
of Industrial. Organizations.
JONATHAN W. DANIELS, Editor of the News and Ob"
server, Raleigh, N. C.
ALBERT S. GOSS, Master of the National Grange.
ROBERT H. HINCKLEY, Vice President, American
Broadcasting Company.
ERIC A. JOHNSTON, President of the Motion Picture
Association of America.
ALLEN B. KLINE, President of the American Farm
Bureau Federation.
HERBERT H. LEHMAN, former Governor of New York.
ARION EVERETT LYON, Executive Secretary ofit^.
Railway Labor Executives Association.
GEORGE HOUK MEAD, Chairman of the Board, The
Mead Corp., Dayton, Ohio.
GEORGE MEANY, Secretary-Treasurer of the Ameri­
can Federation of Labor.
JAMES G. PATTON, President of the National Farmers
Union,
18
ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON FISCAL AND
MONETARY PROBLEMS
GEORGE L. HARRISON, Chairman of the Board of New
York Life Insurance Co.
ALLAN SPROULJ President of Federal Reserve Bank of
New York.
EDWA^ EAGLE BROWN, Chairman of the Board, First
National Bank of Chicago.
W. RANDOLPH BUGRESS, Chairman of the Executive
Committee, National City Bank of New York,
J. E. CRANE, Director of Standard Oil of N. J.
JOSEPH M. DODGE, President of the Detroit Bank; also
President of American Bankers Association.
WALTER W, STEWART, Chairman of the Board of
Rockefeller Foundation.
JOHN H. WILLIAMS, Professor of Political Economy,
Harvard University; also Economic Adviser to
/"^eral Reserve Bank of New York.
19
JOINT COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN
ECONOMIC COOPERATION
(This congressional committee was established under
the Foreign Assistance Act of 1948 for the purpose of
making a continuous study of the programs of United
States economic assistance to foreign countries, and to
review the progress achieved in the execution and
administration of such programs.)
Chairman: United States Senator Styles Bridges,
New Hampshire.
United States Senator H. Alexander Smith, New
Jersey.
United States Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.,
Massachusetts.
United States Senator Tom Connolly, Texas.
United States Senator Patrick A. McCarran,
Nevada.
United States Representative John M.
Ohio.
^
United States Representative James G. Fulton,
Pennsylvania.
United States Representative Sol Bloom, New
York.
United States Representative John Taber, New
York.
United States Representative Clarence Cannon,
Missouri.
]oint Committee Agent General: Charles S. Dewey.
General Counsel: Robert N. Golding.
ECA Regulations
Regulation 1, amended, deals with the means of
payment for procurement; Regulation No. 2 with
subsidization of shipments by parcel post of individ­
ual relief packages; Regulation No. 3, with subsi^Mtion of shipments of supplies by voluntary non^Blt
relief agencies; Regulation No. 4, with guaranties fand
Regulation No. 5, with ocean freight shipments of
individual relief packages. Copies of regulations will
be furnished upon request.
20
European
Recovery
Program
CELAN
Information for
Americans Going
Abroad
UNITED
r-BEUS
r
FRANCE
/ a?®
1
Second Edition