5JSC/Editor/RDA/Part B/Chapter 12
CHAPTER 12
PLACES
Contents
12.0 Purpose, scope, etc.
12.0.1 Purpose and scope
12.0.2 Sources of information
Name
12.1 Preferred name
12.1.0 Basic instructions on preferred names of places
Choosing the preferred name
12.1.1 English form
12.1.2 Vernacular form
12.1.3 Changes of name
Recording the preferred name
12.1.4 Place names for jurisdictions
12.1.5 Places in Australia, Canada, Malaysia, United States,
U.S.S.R., or Yugoslavia
12.1.6 Places in the British Isles
12.1.7 Places in other jurisdictions
12.1.8 Places with identical names
12.1.9 Places within cities, etc.
12.2 Variant name
12.2.0
12.2.1
12.2.2
12.2.3
12.2.4
Basic instructions on variant names of places
Expanded name
Initialism / abbreviated form
Alternative linguistic form of name
Other variant name
Other identifying attributes
12.3 Coordinates
12.3.0 Basic instructions on recording coordinates
12.4 Other geographical information
12.4.0 Basic instructions on recording other geographical
information
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12.5 Identifier for the place
12.5.0 Basic instructions on recording identifiers for places
12.0 PURPOSE, SCOPE, ETC.
Contents
12.0.1 Purpose and scope
12.0.2 Sources of information
12.0.1
PURPOSE AND SCOPE
12.0.1.1
This chapter provides general guidelines and instructions on choosing and
recording preferred and variant names for places, and recording other
identifying attributes of the place.
12.0.1.2
The names of places are commonly used as the names of governments (see
11.2.1.5d) and communities that are not governments. The names of places
are also used as additions to the names of corporate bodies to distinguish
between bodies with the same name (see 11.1.1.2), as additions to
conference names (see 11.1.1.7), and in recording place associated with a
corporate body (see 11.4). [23.1A]
12.0.2
SOURCES OF INFORMATION
12.0.2.1
¾
Determine the name by which a place is commonly identified from (in
order of preference):
a) gazetteers and other reference sources published in Englishspeaking countries
b) gazetteers and other reference sources published in the
country in which the place is located in the official
language(s) of that country.
Name
12.1 PREFERRED NAME
Contents
12.1.0 Basic instructions on preferred names of places
Choosing the
12.1.1
12.1.2
12.1.3
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preferred name
English form
Vernacular form
Changes of name
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Recording the preferred name
12.1.4 Place names for jurisdictions
12.1.5 Places in Australia, Canada, Malaysia, United
States, U.S.S.R., or Yugoslavia
12.1.6 Places in the British Isles
12.1.7 Places in other jurisdictions
12.1.8 Places with identical names
12.1.9 Places within cities, etc.
12.1.0
BASIC INSTRUCTIONS ON PREFERRED NAMES OF PLACES
Contents
12.1.0.1
12.1.0.2
12.1.0.3
12.1.0.4
12.1.0.5
Scope
Sources of information
Choosing the preferred name
Recording the preferred name
Transliteration
12.1.0.1
Scope
12.1.0.1.1
† The preferred name is the name or form of name chosen to represent
12.1.0.2
Sources of information
12.1.0.2.1
¾
Determine the name by which a place is commonly identified from
gazetteers and other reference sources published in English-speaking
countries.
12.1.0.2.2
¾
If the place is not identified in gazetteers and other reference sources
published in English-speaking countries, determine the name from
sources in the official language of the country in which the place is
located.
12.1.0.3
Choosing the preferred name
12.1.0.3.1
¾
a place when a place name is used as the name of a government, etc.
(see 11.2.1.5d), as an addition to the name of a corporate body (see
11.1.1.2), as an addition to a conference name (see 11.1.1.7), or when
recording a place associated with a corporate body (see 11.4).
Choose as the preferred name of a place (in this order):
a) the English form of the name, if there is one in general use
(see 12.1.1)
b) the vernacular form of the name (see 12.1.2).
12.1.0.3.2
¾
For instructions on changes of name, see 12.1.3.
12.1.0.4
Recording the preferred name
12.1.0.4.1
¾
Record the name of a place in the form most commonly found in
gazetteers or other reference sources used in choosing the name, unless
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the instructions given under 12.1.4–12.1.9 indicate otherwise.
12.1.0.4.2
¾
Include as part of the name of a place (other than a country or a state,
etc., listed in 12.1.5.1 or 12.1.6.1) the name of the larger place in
which it is located or the larger jurisdiction to which it belongs following
the instructions given under 12.1.5–12.1.9. [23.4B1]
12.1.0.4.3
¾
If the place name is being used as the conventional name for a
government (see 11.2.1.5d), enclose the name of the larger place in
parentheses. [23.4A1]
Budapest (Hungary)
12.1.0.4.4
¾
If the place name is being used as an addition to the name of a
corporate body (see 11.1.1.2) or a conference (see 11.1.1.7), precede
the name of the larger place by a comma.
Magyar Nemzeti Galéria (Budapest, Hungary) 1
12.1.0.5
Transliteration
12.1.0.5.1
¾
If the name of the place is in a language written in a non-roman script,
transliterate the name according to the table for that language adopted
by the agency establishing the name.
[Example]
Alternative
12.1.0.5.2
If the name of the place is in a language written in a nonroman
script and a transliterated form appears in reference sources, use
that transliterated form. If more than one transliterated form is
found, use the form resulting from transliteration according to the
table for that language adopted by the agency establishing the
name.
[Example]
12.1.0.5.3
¾
Record other transliterated forms of the name as variant names (see
12.2.3), as required.
CHOOSING THE PREFERRED NAME
12.1.1
ENGLISH FORM
12.1.1.1
¾
Choose the English form of the name of a place if there is one in general
use. Determine this from gazetteers and other reference sources
published in English-speaking countries. In case of doubt, choose the
vernacular form (see 12.1.2). [23.2A1]
Austria
1
This example and the one above are included solely to show the punctuation patterns. For the
construction of the access point, see the instructions in chapter 11.
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12.1.1.2
¾
not
Österreich
not
Copenhagen
København
not
Florence
Firenze
not
not
Ghent
Gent
Gand
not
Sweden
Sverige
If the English form of the name of a place is the English name of the
government that has jurisdiction over the place, choose that form.
not
not
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Soiuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik
Russia
12.1.2
VERNACULAR FORM
12.1.2.1
¾
Choose the form in the official language of the country if there is no
English form in general use. [23.2B1]
Buenos Aires
Gorlovka
Tallinn
not
Livorno
Leghorn
(English form no longer in general use)
12.1.2.2
¾
If the country has more than one official language, choose the form
most commonly found in English-language sources.
not
Louvain
Leuven
not
Helsinki
Helsingfors
12.1.3
CHANGES OF NAME
12.1.3.1
¾
If the name of a place changes, choose as many of the names as are
required by: [23.3A]
or
RDA – Editor’s draft (August 2007)
a) the instructions on government names (see 11.2.1.5d)
(e.g., use Nyasaland or Malawi, as appropriate)
b) the instructions on additions to corporate names (see
11.1.1.2) and conference names (see 11.1.1.7) (e.g.,
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or
use Léopoldville or Kinshasa, as appropriate)
c) other relevant instructions in chapter 11.
RECORDING THE PREFERRED NAME
12.1.4
PLACE NAMES FOR JURISDICTIONS
Contents
12.1.4.1 Place names that include a term indicating type of
jurisdiction
12.1.4.2 Place names that require a term indicating type of
jurisdiction
12.1.4.1
Place names that include a term indicating type of
jurisdiction
12.1.4.1.1
¾
12.1.4.1.2
¾
If the first part of a place name is a term indicating a type of jurisdiction
and the place is commonly listed under another part of its name in lists
published in the language of the country in which it is located, omit the
term indicating the type of jurisdiction. [23.5A]
not
Kerry (Ireland)
County Kerry (Ireland)
not
Ostholstein (Germany)
Kreis Ostholstein (Germany)
In all other cases, include the term indicating the type of jurisdiction.
Città di Castello (Italy)
Ciudad Juárez (Mexico)
District of Columbia
Distrito Federal (Brazil)
Mexico City (Mexico)
12.1.4.2
Place names that require a term indicating type of
jurisdiction
12.1.4.2.1
¾
If a place name does not include a term indicating a type of jurisdiction,
and the place name is being used as the conventional name for a
government, follow the instructions given under 11.1.1.5. [23.5B]
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12.1.5
PLACES IN AUSTRALIA, CANADA, MALAYSIA, UNITED STATES,
U.S.S.R., OR YUGOSLAVIA
Contents
12.1.5.1 States, etc.
12.1.5.2 Other places
12.1.5.1
States, etc.
12.1.5.1.1
¾
Do not include the name of the larger jurisdiction as part of the name of
a state, province, territory, etc., of Australia, Canada, Malaysia, the
United States, the U.S.S.R., or Yugoslavia. [23.4C1]
Northern Territory
Prince Edward Island
District of Columbia
12.1.5.2
Other places
12.1.5.2.1
¾
If the place is in a state, province, territory, etc., of one of the countries
listed under 12.1.5.1, include the name of the state, etc., in which it is
located as part of the name, following the instructions given under
12.1.0.4. [23.4C2]
Darwin (N.T.)
Jasper (Alta.)
George Town (Penang)
Cook County (Ill.)
Alexandria (Va.)
Washington (D.C.)
Kiev (Ukraine)
Split (Croatia)
12.1.6
PLACES IN THE BRITISH ISLES
Contents
12.1.6.1 England, the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland,
Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, and the Channel
Islands
12.1.6.2 Other places
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12.1.6 1
England, the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland,
Wales, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands
12.1.6.1.1
¾
12.1.6.2
Other places
12.1.6.2.1
¾
Do not include the name of the larger jurisdiction as part of the names
of the following parts of the British Isles: England, the Republic of
Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, the Channel
Islands. [23.4D1]
If a place is located in England, the Republic of Ireland, Northern
Ireland, Scotland, Wales, the Isle of Man, or the Channel Islands,
include England, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man,
or Channel Islands, as appropriate, as part of the name, following the
instructions given under 12.1.0.4. [23.4D2]
Dorset (England)
Pinner (England)
Clare (Ireland)
Waterville (Ireland)
Bangor (Northern Ireland)
Strathclyde (Scotland)
Melrose (Scotland)
Powys (Wales)
Bangor (Wales)
Ramsey (Isle of Man)
Jersey (Channel Islands)
12.1.7
PLACES IN OTHER JURISDICTIONS
12.1.7.1
¾
Include as part of the name of a place not covered by 12.1.5–12.1.6 the
name of the country in which the place is located. [23.4E1]
Formosa (Argentina)
Luanda (Angola)
Lucca (Italy)
Madras (India)
Monrovia (Liberia)
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Næsby (Denmark)
Paris (France)
Toledo (Spain)
12.1.8
PLACES WITH IDENTICAL NAMES
12.1.8.1
¾
If the inclusion of the name of the larger place or jurisdiction as
instructed in 12.1.5–12.1.7 is insufficient to distinguish between two or
more places with the same name, include a word or phrase commonly
used to distinguish them. [23.4F1]
Villaviciosa de Asturias (Spain)
Villaviciosa de Córdoba (Spain)
12.1.8.2
¾
If there is no such word or phrase, give the name of an appropriate
smaller place before the name of the larger place.
Friedberg (Bavaria, Germany)
Friedberg (Hesse, Germany)
Tarbert (Strathclyde, Scotland)
Tarbert (Western Isles, Scotland)
Basildon (Essex, England)
Basildon (Berkshire, England)
Saint Anthony (Hennepin County, Minn.)
Saint Anthony (Stearns County, Minn.)
12.1.9
PLACES WITHIN CITIES, ETC.
12.1.9.1
¾
When recording the name of a place within a city, etc., include the
name of the city, etc., and the larger place within which the city, etc., is
located, as prescribed in the instructions given under 12.1.4–12.1.8.
[23.4F2]
Hyde Park (Chicago, Ill.)
Chelsea (London, England)
Everton (Liverpool, England)
St. Peter Port (Guernsey, Channel Islands)
Hataitai (Wellington, N.Z.)
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Palermo (Sicily, Italy)
Swansea (Toronto, Ont.)
11e Arrondissement (Paris, France)
Minato-ku (Tokyo, Japan)
12.2 VARIANT NAME
Contents
12.2.0
12.2.1
12.2.2
12.2.3
12.2.4
12.2.0
Basic instructions on variant names of places
Expanded name
Initialism / abbreviated form
Alternative linguistic form of name
Other variant name
BASIC INSTRUCTIONS ON VARIANT NAMES OF PLACES
Contents
12.2.0.1 Scope
12.2.0.2 Sources of information
12.2.0.3 General guidelines
12.2.0.1
Scope
12.2.0.1.1
† A variant name is a name or form of name by which a place is known
12.2.0.2
Sources of information
12.2.0.2.1
¾
12.2.0.3
General guidelines
12.2.0.3.1
¾
Record as a variant name a name found in reference sources that is
significantly different from that chosen as the preferred name of the
place. [26.3A1]
12.2.0.3.2
¾
Record as a variant name a form of name found in reference sources, or
resulting from a different transliteration of the name, if that form differs
significantly from the form recorded as the preferred name of the place.
that differs from the name or form of name chosen as the preferred
name.
Take variant names from reference sources.
[26.3A3]
12.2.0.3.3
¾
Follow the additional specific instructions given under 12.2.1–12.2.4 and
those given in preceding sections of this chapter, as applicable.
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12.2.1
EXPANDED NAME
Contents
12.2.1.1 Scope
12.2.1.2 Sources of information
12.2.1.3 Recording expanded names as variant names
12.2.1.1
Scope
12.2.1.1.1
† An expanded name is a fuller form of the name chosen as the
12.2.1.2
Sources of information
12.2.1.2.1
¾
12.2.1.3
Recording expanded names as variant names
12.2.1.3.1
¾
preferred name.
Take expanded names from reference sources.
If the name chosen as the preferred name of the place is an initialism or
an abbreviated or shortened form of name, record the expanded form of
the name as a variant name.
[Example]
12.2.1.3.2
¾
If the name chosen as the preferred name begins with an abbreviated
word or contains an abbreviated word in such a position that it affects
the filing of the name, and in the catalogue abbreviated words are filed
differently from words written in full, record the name with the
abbreviated word written in full (in the language of the preferred name)
as a variant name. [26.3A6]
[Example]
12.2.2
INITIALISM / ABBREVIATED FORM
Contents
12.2.2.1 Scope
12.2.2.2 Sources of information
12.2.2.3 Recording initialisms and abbreviated forms as
variant names
12.2.2.1
Scope
12.2.2.1.1
† An initialism is a string of initial letters of words taken from the full
12.2.2.1.2
† An abbreviated form is a shortened form of the full form of a name.
form of a name pronounced as separate letters.
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12.2.2.2
Sources of information
12.2.2.2.1
¾
12.2.2.3
Recording initialisms and abbreviated forms as variant names
12.2.2.3.1
¾
Take acronyms, initialism, and abbreviated forms from reference
sources.
If the name chosen as the preferred name of the place is a full form of
the name, record an initialism or abbreviated form of the name as a
variant name.
U.S.S.R.
(Full form recorded as preferred name: Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics)
12.2.2.3.2
¾
If the name chosen as the preferred name consists of an initialism, and
in the catalogue initials with full stops are filed differently from those
without full stops, record the form not chosen as the preferred name as
a variant name. [26.3A4]
[Example]
12.2.2.3.3
¾
In the context of such a catalogue, if the full name is chosen as the
preferred name, record initials without full stops, as well as with full
stops as variant names.
USA
(Full form recorded as preferred name: United States)
U.S.A.
(Full form recorded as preferred name: United States)
12.2.3
ALTERNATIVE LINGUISTIC FORM OF NAME
Contents
12.2.3.1 Scope
12.2.3.2 Sources of information
12.2.3.3 Recording alternative linguistic forms as variant
names
12.2.3.1
Scope
12.2.3.1.1
† An alternative linguistic form of name is a form of name in a
12.2.3.2
Sources of information
12.2.3.2.1
¾
different language, script, spelling, or transliterated form than the form
recorded as the preferred name.
Take alternative linguistic forms of names from reference sources.
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12.2.3.3
Recording alternative linguistic forms as variant names
12.2.3.3.1
¾
If the name recorded as the preferred name of a place has an
alternative linguistic form(s), record the alternative linguistic form(s) as
a variant name(s).
Different language form
Danmark
(English language form recorded as preferred name: Denmark)
Deutschland (Bundesrepublik)
(English language form recorded as preferred name: Germany (Federal
Republic))
Different spelling
Rumania
(Different spelling recorded as preferred name: Romania)
Different transliteration
Beijing (China)
(Different transliteration recorded as preferred name: Peking (China))
12.2.3.3.2
¾
If the name recorded as the preferred name begins with a number
expressed as a numeral or contains a number expressed as a numeral
in such a position that it affects the filing of the access point, and in the
catalogue numbers expressed as words are filed differently from
numbers expressed as numerals, record the form with the number
expressed as a word as a variant name. [26.3A5]
[Example]
12.2.3.3.3
¾
If the name recorded as the preferred name begins with a number
expressed as a word or contains a number expressed as a word in such
a position that it affects the filing of the access point, and in the
catalogue numbers expressed as words are filed differently from
numbers expressed as numerals, record the form with the number
expressed as an arabic numeral as a variant name. [26.3A5]
[Example]
12.2.4
OTHER VARIANT NAME
Contents
12.2.4.1 Scope
12.2.4.2 Sources of information
12.2.4.3 Recording other variant names
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12.2.4.1
Scope
12.2.4.1.1
† Other variant names are names or forms of name other than
12.2.4.2
Sources of information
12.2.4.2.1
¾
12.2.4.3
Recording other variant names
12.2.4.3.1
¾
expanded names, initialisms, abbreviated forms, and alternative
linguistic forms of name that differ from the name or form of name
recorded as the preferred name.
Take alternative linguistic forms of names from reference sources.
Record other variants and variant forms of the name recorded as the
preferred name not covered under 12.2.1–12.2.3 as required.
Different name
Aix-la-Chapelle (Germany)
(Name recorded as preferred name: Aachen (Germany))
Hellas
(Name recorded as preferred name: Greece)
Other identifying attributes
12.3 COORDINATES
Contents
12.3.0 Basic instructions on recording coordinates
12.3.0
BASIC INSTRUCTIONS ON RECORDING COORDINATES
Contents
12.3.0.1 Scope
12.3.0.2 Sources of information
12.3.0.3 Recording coordinates
12.3.0.1
Scope
12.3.0.1.1
† Coordinates are the degrees, minutes, and seconds (or degrees,
minutes, and decimal parts of minutes) of longitude and latitude, or the
angles of declination and ascension that form the outer boundaries or
the center point of a place.
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12.3.0.2
Sources of information
12.3.0.2.1
¾
12.3.0.3
Recording coordinates
12.3.0.3.1
¾
Take information on coordinates from any source.
Record the longitude and latitude, or the angles of declination and
ascension, that form the outer boundaries or center point of the place.
[Example]
12.3.0.3.2
¾
Indicate the source from which the information on coordinates was
derived following the instructions given under 14.6.
12.4 OTHER GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
Contents
12.4.0 Basic instructions on recording other geographical
information
12.4.0
BASIC INSTRUCTIONS ON RECORDING OTHER GEOGRAPHICAL
INFORMATION
Contents
12.4.0.1 Scope
12.4.0.2 Sources of information
12.4.0.3 Recording other geographical information
12.4.0.1
Scope
12.4.0.1.1
† Other geographical information is other information of a
12.4.0.2
Sources of information
12.4.0.2.1
¾
12.4.0.3
Recording other geographical information
12.4.0.3.1
¾
geographical nature pertaining to a place.
Take information on other geographical information from any source.
Record other geographical information identifying the place, as
appropriate.
[Example]
12.4.0.3.2
¾
Indicate the source from which the geographical information was
derived following the instructions given under 14.6.
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12.5 IDENTIFIER FOR THE PLACE
Contents
12.5.0 Basic instructions on recording identifiers for
places
12.5.0
BASIC INSTRUCTIONS ON RECORDING IDENTIFIERS FOR PLACES
Contents
12.5.0.1 Scope
12.5.0.2 Sources of information
12.5.0.3 Recording identifiers for places
12.5.0.1
12.5.0.1.1
Scope
† An identifier for the place is number or code uniquely associated with
the place that serves to differentiate that place from other corporate
places.
12.5.0.2
Sources of information
12.5.0.2.1
¾
12.5.0.3
Recording identifiers for places
12.5.0.3.1
¾
Take information on identifiers for places from any source.
If the identifier for the place is one for which there is a prescribed
format, record it in accordance with that format.
[Example]
12.5.0.3.2
¾
If there is no prescribed format for the identifier for the place, record it
as it appears on the source. Precede the identifier with the name of the
agency, etc., responsible for assigning the identifier, if readily
ascertainable, using abbreviations as instructed in appendix B.
[Example]
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