AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FUND
Language: English
Original: English
KENYA: EMERGENCY RELIEF TO POST-ELECTION
CIVIL UNREST VICTIMS
SCCD: N.G.
1
The Government of Kenya: Emergency Relief to Post-Election Civil Unrest Victims
1.
Overview of the Emergency Crisis
1.1
Following the conclusion of the December 2007 general elections in Kenya, there has
been civil unrest. The security situation deteriorated rapidly with escalating violence, threats
against displaced population and destruction of property in multiple towns in Nyanza and Rift
Valley provinces, including Soy, Turbo, Burnt Forest, Kisumu, Kakamega Nakuru and
Naivasha. The Government of Kenya National Disaster Operations Center confirmed the civil
unrest has led to more than 1,000 deaths and displaced over 300,000 people. The deaths and
displacements occurred in Rift Valley, Nyanza, Nairobi, Coast and Western Provinces. Other
provinces (Central and Eastern) received some of the internally displaced persons and are
therefore also affected.
1.2
On January 20 and 23 2008, USAID staff conducted an assessment of humanitarian
conditions for internal displaced population (IDP) in Nairobi and Nakuru. The report
indicates that 3,500 people are internally displaced and concerns over physical security in and
around the sites are exacerbating fear and uncertainty among the IDP and food, bedding and
shelter materials were priority needs. So far the USAID/OFDA has provided more than $2.8
million to the Catholic Relief Services to implement rapid response activities and provide
sub-grants for protection, humanitarian coordination and information management, logistics
and emergency relief supplies (including water, sanitation and hygiene). This assistance will
benefit an estimated 195,500 affected people in Coast, Nyanza, Eastern, and Western Rift
Valley provinces.
1.3 In addition, USAID/OFDA is also providing $750,000 to the U.N. Children’s Fund
(UNICEF) for health, nutrition, and child protection activities, benefiting approximately
510,000 impacted persons. To meet emergency shelter and protection needs across Kenya,
USAID/OFDA is allocating more than $770,000 to the Office of the U.N. High
Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to determine the number of internally displaced
persons (IDPs) residing in camps, meet the protection needs of camp residents, and ensure the
overall design, coordination, and management of IDP camps.
1.4 According to the Kenya Red Cross Society (KRCS) preliminary results from a January
28 rapid assessment indicate that nearly 10,000 people may be newly displaced in Timboroa
town, Rift Valley Province, following an attack on January 27. KRCS is preparing rapid
response efforts to meet critical water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) needs for families
remaining in Timboroa. Local authorities are working to identify an appropriate
accommodation site as the new IDPs are currently sheltering on the District Officer’s
compound. The USAID assessment team is liaising with KRCS, U.N. agencies, and other
relief organizations to facilitate rapid response efforts. Aid agencies have also reported
additional population displacement in violence-affected areas, such as in Nakuru and
Naivasha. However, the continued movement of families in Nakuru District is limiting the
ability of aid organizations to determine precise numbers of affected populations. Renewed
attacks in previously affected areas are likely to impact IDPs’ decisions regarding future
movement and the possibility of returning home.
2.
Food Requirements
2.1
According to the Kenya Food Security Network—comprising the U.N. World Food
Program (WFP), the GOK, and USAID’s Famine Early Warning Systems Network—the
ongoing post-election conflict has led to a critical decline in food security among normally
food secure farmers as well as urban populations. The network warned that the crisis, coupled
with poor short rains production in the southern and coastal lowlands, could lead to crop
losses and deplete the projected national food surplus. To verify the actual numbers and
conditions of IDPs and assess the severity and expected duration of food insecurity, WFP,
KRCS, World Vision, and the GOK have completed rapid assessments of areas near Eldoret
town. Based on the findings from the assessments, WFP and KRCS have finalized a new
food distribution plan to assist approximately 67,000 affected Kenyans in Rift Valley
Province. To date, USAID-supported WFP has distributed a total of 1,226 metric tons (MT)
of food valued at approximately US$1.3 million to IDPs in affected areas. Between January
26 and 27, WFP, KRCS, and other partners provided one week food rations to 32,400 people
in six Nairobi communities, including Kibera, Mathare, Huruma, Viwandani, Eastleigh, and
Kasarani. WFP and KRCS also began to distribute two-week rations targeting 27,533
vulnerable and displaced people residing in Kisumu. Additional food is needed to meet the
food security of 500,000 affected victims. The UN appeal launched on January 16, 2008 is
for approximately US$42 million to assist 500,000 beneficiaries for six months. The funding
received to-date stands at US$ 13 million. This leaves a funding gap of US$ 29 million. This
shortfall includes economic recovery and infrastructure (US$ 5.5 million), food (US$ 6.8
million), education (US$ 1.5 million), and health (US$ 4 million). As part of our effort to
meet part of the needs indicated, the Government sent a request to the Bank on January 24,
2008;
3.
The Bank’s Contribution to the Emergency Humanitarian Relief Assistance
3.1
The objective of the proposed Bank emergency humanitarian relief assistance is to
contribute to the Government of Kenya and UN’s efforts in providing urgent food aid
distributions and deliveries of water purification supplies, medicines and shelter materials to
the civil unrest affected victims. The emergency relief assistance operation will be funded
through a grant from the Bank’s Special Relief Fund (SRF). The total grant amount will be
limited to the approved country ceiling of US$500,000 (five hundred thousand United States
Dollars). The grant funds will be used to purchase food items as well as associated costs of
transportation and distribution of food rations to the beneficiaries and for administrative
charges. All these food items will be purchased locally by WFP.
3.2
Relief food assistance will be channelled through targeted food distribution to
households affected by the civil unrest mainly widows, orphans, female and elderly-headed
households without visible means of survival. Due to the imminent shortfalls only local
purchases will be made. Local purchase has the added benefit of supporting the national
agricultural economy. In 2006, WFP purchased 27,000 metric tones of food in Mozambique
for US$ 6.6 million, an increase from 8,850 metric tons in 2005 for US$ 2 million.
4.
Organization and Management
4.1
Institutional Arrangements: According to the Bank’s Emergency Policy Guidelines,
(ADB/BD/WP/98/41/Rev.2) - (ADF/BD/WP/98/41/Rev.2)
(the “Guidelines”) and
Procedures for Humanitarian Relief Assistance (ADB/BD/WP/2003/34/Rev.1) ADF/BD/WP/2003/34/Rev.1 (the “Procedures”), the implementation of the emergency
humanitarian relief assistance will be entrusted to appropriate organizations operating in the
field at the time of the emergency. They include United Nations agencies, or an appropriate
Government Agency or NGO. WFP will thus be entrusted with the implementation of the
emergency relief assistance operation. It already has a well established network in the country
for food relief assistance. The Government of Kenya has indicated that WFP has been their
lead agency in terms of international resource mobilization towards emergency operations
and it has entrusted the operation of the emergency food assistance to WFP.
4.2
Agreement: (i) Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) will be signed between the
Government and the WFP, and (ii) Protocol of Agreement (Protocol) will be signed between
the Bank and the Government, that together will define the modalities for the implementation
of the emergency food relief assistance operation and responsibilities and obligations of each
party. The administrative fee paid to WFP shall not exceed 5% of the total amount of the
grant.
4.3
Disbursement: The grant resources will be exceptionally disbursed in two tranches
with 75% of the total grant disbursed upon approval by the Board and 25% after signature of
the Protocol with the Government and the Memorandum of Understanding with the
Executing Agency WFP. The justification for the proposed exceptional disbursement is based
on the delays resulting from the Bank’s hold on emergency assistance to review those
activities generally. The funds will be disbursed into an account to be provided by WFP.
4.4
Procurement: The food items will be procured using WFP’s procurement rules and in
compliance with the Bank’s rule on the origin of goods. WFP would be able to purchase,
where available, food locally or within the region.
4.5
Duration: The Guidelines and Procedures stipulate that emergency humanitarian relief
assistance is typically a short-term operation, lasting a few months. Consequently, a period of
six months has been proposed for the execution of this emergency relief assistance.
4.6
Reporting and Auditing: WFP provides annual Standard Project Reports (SPRs) to all
donors through its website. A final report, containing an operational and a financial section,
is also provided upon completion of the operational and financial closure of the project. This
final report should be submitted to the Bank within six months after completion of the
programme. The SPR provides information on the use of the resources and the results
obtained. WFP will report by August 2009 on activities that took place from 1 January to 31
December 2008.
5.
Compliance with Bank Policies
This request is compliant with the provisions of the Guidelines and Procedures which
are applicable to emergency situations resulting from natural disasters or conflicts.
6.
Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions:
6.1
The proposed Bank emergency humanitarian relief assistance is to contribute to the
alleviation of the suffering of the victims of civil unrest in Kenya. This will target vulnerable
individuals and households with the primary objective of saving lives and preserving
livelihoods, and will be distributed through humanitarian agencies such as Kenya Red Cross
Society and Vulnerable Group Feeding programs. The emergency relief assistance operation
will be funded through a grant from the Bank’s Special Relief Fund (SRF).
Recommendations:
6.2
In accordance with the Guidelines and Procedures and General Regulation of the
Special Relief Fund (SRF), it is recommended that the Bank assists the affected populations
in Kenya with a grant not exceeding five hundred thousand United States dollars
(US$500,000).
6.3
In view of the urgency of the situation, it is recommended that the Boards of
Directors approve this proposal, with the full understanding that disbursement of an amount
of US$ 500,000 will be released in two tranches with 75% of the total grant disbursed upon
approval by the Board and 25% upon (i) Entry into force of the Protocol of Agreement; and
(ii) Execution of the Memorandum of Understanding between the Government and WFP. The
justification for the proposed exceptional disbursement is based on the delays resulting from
the Bank’s hold on emergency assistance to review those activities generally.
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Resolution No. B/KE/2008/01
Adopted on a lapse-of-time basis, on 05 June 2008
Grant to the Republic of Kenya from the Special Relief Fund
to finance part of the cost of the Humanitarian Relief Assistance to
Post-Election Civil Unrest Victims
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS,
HAVING REGARD to Articles 1, 2, 8, 12, 13, 14, and 32 of the Agreement Establishing the
African Development Bank (the "Bank"), the Emergency Assistance Policy Guidelines, (the
"Guidelines"), the Procedures for Humanitarian Relief Assistance (the "Procedures"), the
General Regulations (the "Regulations") of the Special Relief Fund ("SRF"), as amended, and
the Grant Proposal contained in Document ADB/BD/WP/2008/[ ]/Approval (the "Proposal");
CONSIDERING the human suffering in the Republic of Kenya as a result of the postelection civil unrest that affected the country in 2007;
HAVING NOTED: (i) the appeal by the United Nations on 16 January 2008 to the donor
community for humanitarian assistance to the vulnerable people affected by post-election
civil unrest in Kenya; and (ii) the related request for financial assistance to the affected
populations, from the Government of Kenya to the Bank and dated 24 January 2008;
DECIDES as follows:
1.
To award to the Republic of Kenya, from the resources of the SRF, a grant not
exceeding Five Hundred Thousand US Dollars (USD 500,000) to finance part of the cost
of the Humanitarian Relief Assistance to Post-Election Civil Unrest Victims;
2.
To authorize the President to conclude with the Republic of Kenya, a Protocol of
Agreement on the terms and conditions specified in each of the Guidelines,
Procedures, Regulations, and in the Proposal;
3.
The President may cancel the grant if the Protocol of Agreement and the
Memorandum of Understating to be concluded between the Republic of Kenya and
the World Food Programme (WFP), as Executing Agency, are not signed within one
hundred and eighty (180) days from the date of approval of this Resolution; and
4.
This Resolution shall become effective on the date above-mentioned.