Welcome to Chemistry! Oct 19, 2015 Monday
Do now: How many
meters are in .0025 mi?
Do DPSE
100 cm=1m
2.54 cm = 1inch
12 inch= 1 ft
1 mi = 5280ft
Objectives:
St 4: Matter: Understand the structure of an
atom in terms of its subatomic particles;
isotopes and ions; differentiate between the
classification and separation of matter
(mixtures, pure substances…)
Agenda:
practice quiz on standard 4
Check off st 4 classwork
Check off st 3 classwork (catch
up)
Intro standard 5
Assignments:
HW: practice test #2 st 4
The Week:
Tues. St4 practice test molar
mass
Wed. st4 assess plus st3
assess.
Thurs. molar conversions
The mole
Symbol
# of Protons
# of Neutrons
# of Electrons
38
50
36
Net Charge
52
55
0
1+
Not Graded, Just Checking In.
CFA #5 Answers
Symbol
88
# of Protons
# of Neutrons
# of Electrons
Net Charge
2+
38
50
36
2+
52Te
52
76
52
0
+
Cs
55
55
78
54
1+
49
66
46
3+
38 Sr
128
133
Classify the following as physical or
chemical properties
– Butter is solid at room temperature
– Potassium reacts vigorously with water
– Pennies turn green with time
– Sodium Chloride appears white
– Water vaporizes above 100°C
– Dry ice (solid CO2) sublimates at room
temperature
– Methane is very flammable
– Ethanol has a sweet odor
Classify the following as a compound, element,
homogenous mixture, or heterogeneous mixture
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Fresh squeezed Lemonade
Lucky Charms Cereal
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) gas
Neon gas
Air
Tap water
Distilled Water
Aluminum Foil
Describe what separation technique would
be used to separate the following types of
matter into simpler substances.
•
•
•
•
Sea water
Distilled water
Heterogeneous mixtures
Identify substances in a homogeneous mixture
that may have the same boiling point
• Coffee grounds in hot water
Complete test on your own without any notes.
Complete each question with your best guess
or WRITE YOUR POINT OF CONFUSION
e.g- I don’t know how to determine the
number of neutrons
NO talking
NO Notes
USE YOUR PERIODIC TABLE
 For
questions you got wrong
◦ find the resource in your notes
and highlight/edit your
notebook
◦ create a small spot on your
periodic table for key
information that you can write
on your table.
Standard 5: The Mole
Standard 5: Demonstrate molar
conversions between grams, moles,
molecules, atoms and common
forms of concentration (molarity)
SO, what is a mole anyway?
SO, what is a mole anyway?
SO, what is a mole anyway?
It’s an amount, a quantity,
Just like a dozen
But, it’s a REALLY
BIG quantity.
602,200,000,000,000,000,000,000
Or
6.022x1023
The Mole
• 1 dozen cookies = 12 cookies
• 1 mole of cookies = 6.022 X 1023 cookies
• 1 dozen cars = 12 cars
• 1 mole of cars = 6.022 X 1023 cars
• 1 dozen Al atoms = 12 Al atoms
• 1 mole of Al atoms = 6.022 X 1023 atoms
• 1 dozen water molecules = 12 water molecules
• 1 mole of water molecules = 6.022 X 1023 molecules
• Mole is abbreviated mol
But how big is that?
ONE PENNY
•Mass: 2.5g
•Diameter: 19.05mm
•Height: 1.52mm
•Area =285mm2
•Volume: 433mm2
= 4.33x10-7 m3
But how big is that?
•mole of pennies (4.33x10-7 m3)(6.022x1023)
= 2.61x1017m3
•Land Area of Planet Earth=1.5x1014 m2
•2.61x1017m3/1.5x1014m2=
1740m high on land area of planet earth
•1609m=1mi so about 1.08miles high
But how big is that?
•Mass of a penny: 2.5g
•Mole of pennies: 1.51x1021 kg
•Mass of Earth: 6.0x10244kg
•Earth is ~4000 times as massive as a mole of
pennies
•Mass of Pluto: 1.3x1022kg
•Pluto is less than 10 times the mass of a mole of
pennies
But how big is that?
•what if you stacked those pennies on top of each
other flat side
•Height: 9.15x1017km
•Distance to Moon: ~385,000km
•1.2 Trillion trips to the Moon and Back.
•Also,~97,000 Light Years
•The Milky Way Galaxy is ~100,000 LY across
What about $$$$?
•Give every person on Earth
(7 Billion humans) an equal
share.
•Have everybody spend
$1 Million every DAY.
•When would they run out?
The Year
4375
Why use the mole?
•How much water is a mole of
water?
•Swimming Pool?
•Lake?
•Ocean?
Why use the mole?
•How much water is a mole of
water?
•Swimming Pool?
•Lake?
•Ocean?
Why use the mole?
•How many pennies does a mole of
Copper atoms make?
•If Pennies were pure copper.
•Molar Mass of Cu: 63.564g/mol
(1 Penny) (63.564g Cu)
(2.5 g Cu) (1 mole Cu)
~25 Pennies/mol
Tools for Tomorrow
•Calculator
•Ions Sheet
•Periodic Table

Take practice test 2 home and practice, will
be checked as homework tomorrow
http://www.wildcamgorongosa.org/#/classi
fy
Mole: contains as many molecules as the
number of atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12.
How many is that?
Avogadro’s Number:
6.022 x 1023 molecules in one mole
 If
you were able to count at
the rate of 1 million
numbers a second, it would
take about 20 billion years
to count out one mole.

If you had Avogadro's number of unpopped
popcorn kernels, and spread them across the
United States of America, the country would
be covered in popcorn to a depth of over 9
miles.
What if you had a mole of pennies and you
gave each individual in the world an equal
share…
If each person spent one million dollars per day
it would take 2,750 years for a person to
squander away his or her fortune.
However life would be quite uncomfortable
though since we would be buried to a depth
of 75meters in copper coins.
 Enough
soft drink
cans to cover the
surface of the earth to
a depth of over 200
miles.
 How
big is a mole of water????
6.02
x 1023
1 mole of 12C has a mass of 12 g
Welcome to Chemistry! Oct 20, 2015 Tuesday
Do now: What does compare
and contrast mean?(For
example Compare and
contrast Physical changes with
chemical changes)
Objectives:
St 4: Matter: Understand the structure of an
atom in terms of its subatomic particles;
isotopes and ions; differentiate between the
classification and separation of matter
(mixtures, pure substances…)
Agenda:
Check of practice test 2 st 4
Intro standard 5
Assignments:
Matter notes and practice
St4 practice test 1
St4 Practice test 2
The Week:
Tues. St4 practice test molar
mass
Wed. st4 assess plus st3
assess.
Thurs. molar conversions
Fri. practice molar
 Create a new tab with Standard 5
 Copy down Standard 5 on next page
 Standard 5: Demonstrate molar conversions
between grams, moles, molecules, atoms and
molarity (concentration)
6.02
x 1023 molecules of carbon = 1 mole
1 mole of 12C has a mass of 12 g









1 dozen cookies = 12 cookies
1 mole of cookies = 6.02 X 1023 cookies
1 dozen cars = 12 cars
1 mole of cars = 6.02 X 1023 cars
1 dozen Al atoms = 12 Al atoms
1 mole of Al atoms = 6.02 X 1023 atoms
1 dozen water molecules = 12 water molecules
1 mole of water molecules = 6.02 X 1023 molecules
Mole is abbreviated mol (gee, that’s a lot quicker to write,
huh?)
 EQ:
What is molar mass?
(RIGHT SIDE)
Four Conversions:
•Mass(g)  Moles
•Molar Mass
•Volume(l)  Moles
•Molarity(M) (Concentration)
•Particles(atoms or molec)  Moles
•Avogadro's Number (or, 1 mole)
•Particles(atoms or molec)  Atoms
Mass
(g)
Liter
(L)
Use formula
to get
number of
atoms in 1
molecule/co
mpound
atoms
Particles
Atom/molec
Mole
(mol)
Today: Mass  Moles
• We know that atomic mass (A.M) is
measured in amu.
• A.M. of Carbon is 12.01 amu.
• How do we convert to grams?
– Mass of one atom= A.M. in amu
– Mass of one MOLE of atoms (Molar Mass) =
A.M. in g
• Carbon MOLAR MASS = 12.01 g
• Mass of Carbon
– 12.01(amu/atom)
– 12.01 (g/mol)
Molar Mass of a Compound
• For a compound, add atomic mass for each atom
in the compound
• So, the molar mass of calcium chloride, CaCl2, (1
Calcium atom, 2 Chloride atoms)
1(40.08 amu Ca) + 2(35.45 amu Cl) = 110.98 amu CaCl2
But really 110.98 g CaCl2
• 1 atom CaCl2 = 110.98 amu
• 1 mole CaCl2 = 110.98 g
• meaning there are 6.022x1023 molecules in a
110.98 g sample of CaCl2
 St
5 abbreviations
 Mole
- mol
 Molecule - molec
 Grams - g
 Liters - L
Mg3(PO4)2
Subscripts after chemical
symbols tell you how many
atoms of that element there are
Mg3(PO4)2
Parentheses with a number to
the right of the parenthesis tell
you how many of a group of
atoms you have (usually an Ion)
Mg3(PO4)2
There are 3
Magnesium atoms
There are two PO4
ions, so
(2x1)=2 P atoms
(4x2)=8 O atoms!
Mg3(PO4)2
3(24.31g Mg) + 2(30.97g P) + 8(16.00g O)
= 262.87g
Some Practice
Give it a try
Find the molar mass of:
Chemical Formula
What it is (just for fun)
Au
Pure 24K Gold
O2
Oxygen about found in hospitals in
tanks
NaCl
Table salt
Cu2SO4
Pesticide
Ca(OH)2
Used in food prep/sewage treatment!