Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 4th Edition
Martini / Bartholomew
8
The Nervous
System
PowerPoint® Lecture Outlines
prepared by Alan Magid, Duke University
Slides 1 to 145
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Nervous System
Two Organ Systems Control All
the Other Organ Systems
• Nervous system characteristics
• Rapid response
• Brief duration
• Endocrine system characteristics
• Slower response
• Long duration
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
The Nervous System
Two Anatomical Divisions
•
Central nervous system (CNS)
•
•
•
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
•
•
•
All the neural tissue outside CNS
Afferent division (sensory input)
Efferent division (motor output)
• Somatic nervous system
• Autonomic nervous system
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Information
Processing
PERIPHERAL Sensory information
NERVOUS
within
SYSTEM
afferent division
Motor commands
within
efferent division
includes
Somatic
nervous
system
Autonomic
nervous system
Parasympathetic
division
Receptors
Somatic sensory
receptors (monitor
the outside world
and our position
in it)
Sympathetic
division
Effectors
Visceral sensory
receptors (monitor
internal conditions
and the status
of other organ
systems)
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Smooth
muscle
Skeletal
muscle
Cardiac
muscle
Glands
Adipose
tissue
Figure 8-1
1 of 7
The Nervous System
Afferent / Efferent
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Feeling the heat from a flame.
Moving your hand away from the flame.
Seeing the different colors in a painting.
Hitting a baseball.
Digesting a meal.
Sweating during a bike ride.
Heart rate increasing due to adrenaline
secretion after hearing a gunshot and running.
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings