Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
•
World War ..
[Ba~k~~~d
:1 After World War I, territorial aggression and minor conflicts during the 1930s
>","'~,v.,~·!
laId the groundwork for another major war. Tensions among European nations
had become so strong by 1939 that it took only a spark-Germany's invasion of Poland-to ignite
World War IT.
DIRECTIONS: Read the time line. Then, for each outcome listed below, write the year and
event that led to that outcome.
invades Chinese
of Manchuria.
plan to incorporate Austria into
Germ"lV is put into action; Munich Conierence
Civil War ends; Nazi-Soviet
NlJnlagg;reS!;ion Pad; Gennany invades
World War II begins
•
surrenders;
Gennans enter Paris
France surrenders;
Germany begins blitz of
London.
1.
~
Soviet Union; Japan attacks
us. naval base at Pearl
Harbor.
Stales drops atomic
bombs on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki.
Nation is divided; Germans occupy the capital and the northern half while collaborationist government is set up in southern part in the city of Vichy
Year
Event
2. Complete devastation of cities forces Japan to surrender,
Year
3.
Event
Germany and Italy aid the Nationalist forces led by Franco against the opposing Loyalist
forces_
Year ___ _______
~
4.
Foreign aggression in the Pacific brings the United States into the war.
Year
5.
•
Event
Western allies allow Germany to occupy part of Czechoslovakia_
Year
6.
Event
Event
Counterattack launched to roll back Axis forces from Italian peninsula.
Year
Evellt _________~
113
Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Class _ _ _ _ _ _ __
"thr,h'19
•
World War II
In World War II, the United States, Great Britain, France, and the Soviet Union fought
together as the Allied Powers. Their enemies, the Axis Powers, were Germany, Italy, and
Japan. Events just before and during World War II are listed below.
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the idea web by placing the letters of the statements provided in the
appropriate box.
z.,p-lf-$
a. extermination of millions of Jews, Slavs, and
Gypsies in death camps
b. conquers European colonies in East and
Southeast Asia
q. establishes Maginot Line to defend again:;t attack
d. drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
r. defeats German troops at Stalingrad
s. annexes Austria and the Sudetenland
e, falls after evacuation of 338,000 soldiers
t. atta<ks naval baSe at Pearl Harbor
f. King Victor Emmanuel III fires MU5solini
g, originally signs a nonaggression pact with Hitler
h. "island hops" through Pacific
•
invades Manchuria
p. remains last European hofdout against Hitler
c. remains neutral in the beginning
I.
n. officially surrenders in August. 1945
0,
u. loses 1.5 million people in two·year siege at
leningrad
v. became the arsenal of the Allied Powers
air force wins victory over German Luftwaffe
j. invades Poland, sparking the war
w. Vichy government collaborates with the Nazis
x, prime minister alloWS Hitler to take Czech
k. invades Ethiopia to increase its power status
territory
I. surrenders on May 7. 1945
y. directs Normandy invasion
m. mainland invaded by Allies in September, 1943
I. gains control over all of Eastern Europe as war
comes to an end
France.
~.
Unite"·
States
.
'.
ALLIED POWERS
WORLD WAR II
AXIS POWERS
:-
Germany
Italy
•
119
Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Class _ _ _ _ _ _ __
l
C6S) *
_*_E_n_r....ic""",h_m_e""",n_t_A_C_tI_OVl_Oty
__1_9_===-_*__
llb
The Cost of War
During U,e two World Wars that tool< place between 1914 and 1945, more than 23,000,000
soldiers lost their lives"
World War I
Other 10.1%
World War II
Italy 5.8%
Germany
22.6%
Italy 0.5%
France 1.4%
United States
fl6%
United States 1.9%
Great Britain
113%
3.3%
TOTAL: 8,020,780
TOTAL: 15,000,000
IllIRECTJONS: Use the graphs above to answer the questions below in the space provided.
1. Based on the total number of military deaths, World War II was almost how many times
as costly as World War 1? _________________________
2. a. Which nation lost the most soldiers in World War II? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
b. About how many soldiers did this cOlmtry lose? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
c. 'Ibis country mobilized 20,000,000 troops. Military deaths make up what percentage
of the total force mobilization?
3. a. About how many German soldiers were killed in World War II? ________
b. Is this number greater or less than the number of Germans killed during World War I?
~
4. In which war did the United States lose more soldiers? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5. a. About how many French soldiers were killed during World War I? _ _ _ _ _ __
b. About how many were killed in World War IJ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
c. Based on your knowledge of the two wars, why did the French lose fewer soldiers in
World War II? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6. Military deaths among the Axis powers made up what percentage of the total deaths in
World War II? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
120
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Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Date __________ Class _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Paths To War
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions as you read Section 1.
. 1. Where did Hitler plan to find the land he felt he needed to make Germany a great
power?
2. What was the name given to the Aryan racial state that Hitler thought would dominate
Europe for a thousand years?
3. When Hitler announced the creation of an air force, and expanded the German army,
what agreement did he violate?
4. What did European states believe would be the result of the reasonable demands if
dissatisfied powers were satisfied?
5. What did Neville Chamberlain boast of when he returned to England from the confer-
ence in Munich in 1938?
6. What did Hitler declare in Prague on March 15, 1939?
7. Name the act committed by German forces that prompted Britain and France to declare
war on Hitler.
8. Why did Japan seize Manchuria in 1931?
9. Why did Japan begin to cooperate with Nazi Germany in the late 1930s?
10. How did Japan react when the United States threatened economic sanctions unless
Japan returned to its borders of 1931?
124
Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Class _ _ _ _ _ _ __
•
Guided
The Course of World War II
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the blanks below as you read Section 2,
Hitler stunned Europe with the (1) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and
(2) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of his attack on Poland, His (3) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ or
"lightning war," lIsed panzer divisions supported by airplanes, Within four weeks,
Poland had (4)
, At the beginning of August 1940, the German
air force launched a major offensive against (5)
, German
planes bombed British (6)
, (7) _ _ _ _ _ __
(8)
, and (9)
, Hitler invaded the
(10)
On June 22,1941. An early (11)
fierce Soviet (12) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ halted the German advance,
and
On December 7,1941, Japanese aircraft attacked the U.S, naval base at
•
(13)
in the Hawaiian Islands, The United States now joined
with European nations and (14)
Japan, (15)
in a combined effort to defeat
declared war on the United States four days after
Pearl harbor,
At the beginning of 1943, the Allies, Great Britain, the United States, and the
Soviet Union, agreed to fight until the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, and Japan, surrendered (16)
(17)
, By the fall of 1942, the war had turned
the Germans,
On June 6,1944, Allied forces under U.s, general Dwight 0, Eisenhower landed
on the (18)
committed (19)
beaches in history's greatest naval invasion, Hitler
on April 30, 1945, and German commanders
surrendered on May 7,
In Asia, U.S, President Harry S Truman made the difficult decision to use
(20)
weapons against Japan and avoid an invasion of Japan,
and (22) _ _ _ _ __
After the bombing of (21)
Japan surrendered on August 14,1945.
1!25
Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Dare _ _ _ _ _ _"___ Class _ _ _ _ _ _ __
The New Order and the Holocaust
DIRECTIONS: Complete the outline below as you read Section 3.
I. In 1942, the Nazi regime stretched from the
A.
to _ _ _ _ _ __
moved Slavic people in the East and replaced them with
B. By summer, 1944, seven million Europeans were _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to work for the
Nazis.
II. The Final Solution in Hitler's Europe was
of the Jewish people.
formed death squads to kill Jews by mass murder.
A.
B. Six
centers were built in Poland for mass executions of Jews.
C. The Germans killed between five and six
Jews.
D. The mass slaughter of European civilians, especially Jews, is called the
E. Many children were evacuated from cities to avoid the _ _ _ _ _ _ __
campaigns.
1. The Germans created 9,000 camps for children in the _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2. In Japan, 15,000 children were evacuated from _ _ _"_____ before its
destruction.
III. The Japanese conquered Southeast Asia under the slogan _ _ _ _ _ _ __
A. Economic ________ of the colonies were used for the Japanese war
machine.
B. Indonesians Were required to bow in the direction of _ _ _ _ _ _ __
C. Over 12,000 Allied prisoners of war and 90,000 workers died while working On the
_________ railway
126
Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ O.[e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Clas5 _ _ _ _ _ _ __
•
The Home Front and the Aftermath of the War
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the blanks below as you read Section 4.
1. Even more than World War I, World War II was a _ _ _._____ war in which
fighting was much more widespread and covered most of the world.
2. Eventually the United States became the
of the Allied powers,
producing much of the military equipment needed by the Allies.
3. Over a million _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ moved from the rural South in the United States,
to the cities of the North and West, looking for jobs in industry.
4. On the West Coast, 110,000
were removed to camps and required
to take loyalty oaths.
5. Hitler refused to cut _ _ _ _ _ _ _ production or to increase production of
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ during the first two years of the war.
•
-•
0::1'
6. Young Japanese were encouraged to vohmteer to serve as pilots or
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ in
missions against U.s. fighting ships
O'l
......
i2:
at sea.
7. The first sustained use of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ bombing began in early SeptembJ"r 1940,
8. At the Tehran Conference, the Soviet Union, the United States, and Great Britain agreed
to a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of postwar Germany.
9. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ said, "A freely elected government in any of these East European
countries would be anti-Soviet, and that we cannot allow."
.s
g
10. In March 1946, the former British prime minister Wrnston Churchill declared that
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ had descended across the continent of Europe.
~
E
0
u
=.;
:r:
~
'a
::;
0
t:
.s
@
-5,
Ii.
a.
•
...
U
i'iI
-
CIl
as Londoners t60k the first heavy blows from the German air force.
J
o
....
0
U
127
-
Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Date _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Class _ _ _ _ _ _ __
World War II, 1939-1945
DIRECTIONS: Fill in the term for each definition listed below, writing one letter in each
square. ll1en use the letters in the shaded squares to answer the question that follows.
1. political union of Germany and Austria
2. series of air raids
3. Japanese pilots who flew suicide
missions
4. nuclear weapon in whim enormous
energy is released by nuclear fission
(two words)
5. operates both on land and in water
6. policy of granting concessions in order
to maintain peace
7. weapons and fortifications are not
permitted
8. mass destruction of the Jewish people,
among others
9. of a race of people occupying a large
part of eastern and northern Europe
10. the day of Allied attack on the coast of
Normandy
11. "lightning war"
12. measures taken to stop trade and other
economic contacts with a nation that
has broken international law
13. Italian resistance fighter who fought
against Mussolini
14. The fate of which democratic country was decided at a meeting in Munich?
102