Study Notes
10/13/2008
Chapter 30
Grooming and Dressing
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
Grooming
Grooming measures:
Are important to many clients
Prevent infection and promote comfort
Affect love, belonging, and selfself-esteem needs
Clients differ in their grooming measures.
The client should tend to his or her own
grooming measures to the extent possible.
The client may use adaptive devices for hair
care and dressing.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Hair Care
How the hair looks and feels affects mental
well--being.
well
You assist with hair care whenever needed.
The client’s care plan reflects:
•
•
•
•
•
The client’s culture
Personal choice
Skin and scalp condition
Physical and mental health
SelfSelf-care abilities
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Study Notes
10/13/2008
Hair Care (Cont’d)
Common skin and scalp conditions:
Alopecia means hair loss.
• Male pattern baldness occurs with aging.
• Hair thins in some women with aging.
• Other causes include cancer treatments, skin diseases,
stress, poor nutrition, pregnancy, some drugs, and
hormone changes.
Hirsutism is excessive body hair.
• It occurs in women and children from heredity and
abnormal amounts of male hormones.
Dandruff is the excessive amount of dry, white
flakes from the scalp.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Hair Care (Cont’d)
Pediculosis (lice) is infestation with wingless insects.
Pediculosis capitis
Pediculosis pubis
Pediculosis corporis
• Infestation of the scalp with lice.
• Infestation of the pubic hair with lice.
• Infestation of the body with lice.
Report signs and symptoms of lice to the nurse at once.
Complaints of a tickling feeling or something moving in the hair
Itching
Irritability
Sores on the head or body caused by scratching
Rash
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
Slide 5
Hair Care (Cont’d)
Brushing and combing hair
Encourage clients and residents to do their own
hair care.
• Assist as needed.
Perform hair care for those who cannot do so.
The client chooses how to brush, comb, and style
hair.
Brushing and combing prevent tangled and matted
hair.
When brushing and combing hair, start at the
scalp. Then brush or comb to the hair ends.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Study Notes
10/13/2008
Hair Care (Cont’d)
Do not braid hair without the client’s consent.
Never cut hair unless instructed to do so.
Special measures are needed for curly,
coarse, and dry hair.
The client’s hair care practices and hair care
products are part of the care plan, and may
vary from person to person.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Brushing and Combing Hair
DIPPS
Dignity
Independence
Preference
Privacy
Safety
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
Slide 8
Hair Care (Cont’d)
Shampooing
Many factors affect frequency, including:
• The condition of the hair and scalp
• Hairstyle
• Personal choice
Do not shampoo a client’s hair unless the nurse
tells you to do so.
The nurse tells you what method to use.
The shampoo method depends on:
• The client’s condition
• Safety factors
• Personal choice
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Study Notes
10/13/2008
Hair Care (Cont’d)
Shampoo methods include:
During the shower or tub bath
At the sink
On a stretcher
In bed
Hair is dried and styled as quickly as possible
after the shampoo.
Check with the nurse before curling or rolling
up hair.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
Slide 10
Shaving
Shaving – DIPPS
Many men shave for comfort and mental wellwellbeing.
Many women:
• Shave their legs and underarms
• Shave coarse facial hair
• Use other hair removal methods
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
Slide 11
Shaving (Cont’d)
Safety razors or electric shavers are used.
Safety razors are not used on persons:
Follow employer policy for cleaning electric shavers.
Who have healing problems
Who take anticoagulant drugs
Soften the beard before using an electric shaver or
safety razor.
Mustaches and beards need daily care.
Ask the person how to groom his mustache or beard.
Never trim a mustache or beard without the person’s
consent.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Study Notes
10/13/2008
Care of Nails and Feet
Nail and foot care prevents infection, injury,
and odours.
Hangnails, ingrown nails, and nails torn away from
the skin cause skin breaks.
Long or broken nails can scratch skin or snag
clothing.
Dirty feet, socks, or stockings harbour microbes
and cause odours.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
Slide 13
Care of Nails and Feet
Foot injuries occur from:
Stubbing toes
Stepping on sharp objects
Being stepped on
Shoes that fit poorly
Poor circulation prolongs healing.
Infections or foot injuries are very serious for older
clients and clients with circulatory disorders.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Care of Nails and Feet
Trimming and clipping toenails can easily
result in injuries.
Use nail clippers to cut fingernails.
Some employers do not let support workers cut or
trim toenails.
• Never use scissors.
• Follow your employer’s policy.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Study Notes
10/13/2008
Changing Clothing & Hospital Gowns
You may need to assist with changing clothes
and hospital gowns.
Follow these rules:
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•
•
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Provide for privacy.
Encourage the client to do as much as possible.
Let the client choose what to wear.
Remove clothing from the strong (unaffected) or “good”
side first.
• Put clothing on the weak (affected) side first.
• Support the arm or leg when removing or putting on a
garment.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Changing Clothing &
Hospital Gowns (Cont’d)
Changing hospital gowns
Gowns are usually worn for IV therapy.
• Some agencies have gowns for IV therapy that open
along the sleeve and close with ties, snaps, or Velcro.
• Sometimes standard gowns are used.
If there is injury or paralysis:
• The gown is removed from the strong arm first.
• Support the weak arm while removing the gown.
• Put the clean gown on the weak arm first and then on the
strong arm.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
Slide 17
Applying Elastic Stockings and
Bandages
These items must be applied as part of a
client’s daily dressing routine, and are used to
prevent blood clots (thrombi).
A blood clot (thrombus) can form in the deep leg
veins, break loose, travel through the
bloodstream, and lodge in distant vessels.
Most hospitals do not allow support workers
to apply hose on acutely ill clients.
Know your employer’s policy.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Study Notes
10/13/2008
Applying Elastic Stockings
They are applied in the morning, before the
client gets out of bed.
Do not bunch or twist, and avoid creases or
wrinkles in the stockings, as this can affect
circulation.
Stockings are removed every 8 hours for 30
minutes, or as stated in your employer’s policy.
The client remains in bed when the stockings are
off, to prevent swelling of the legs.
Wash stockings by hand with mild soap and water.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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Applying Elastic Bandages
The bandage is applied from the lower (distal)
part of the extremity to the top (proximal) part.
They have the same purposes as elastic
stockings and they can also hold dressings in
place.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
Slide 20
Compassionate Care
Care of wigs:
Wigs are worn for a variety of reasons.
Generally wigs are washed after 66-8 uses.
Dry wigs by toweltowel-blotting and wringing hair.
Place wigs on their stand.
Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Canada, a division of Reed Elsevier Canada, Ltd.
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