Biol. 112
sp. 2005
Representative Organisms in the Puget Sound Region
ORGANISMS THAT SHOULD BE EASY TO SEE WITH THE NAKED EYE
DURING THE WINTER AROUND POINT DEFIANCE PARK
OR THE FLOATING DOCKS:
Protists - this is no longer considered to be a valid Kingdom; pp. 562 - 566
• Brown algae - rockweed (Fucus gardneri)
• Red algae - Pacific laver (Mastocarpus papillatus)
• Red algae – Nori (Porphyra sp)
• Green algae - sea lettuce (Ulva fenestrata)
Kingdom Plantae - Table 29.1, Fig. 29.1, p. 576
Phylum Hepaticophyta – liverworts
• lung liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha)
Phylum Bryophyta - mosses
Phylum Pterophyta - ferns
• sword fern (Polystichum munitum)
• licorice fern (Polypodium glycyrrhiza)
Phylum Ginkgophyta – ginkgo (no leaves)
Phylum Coniferophyta - conifers
• Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
• western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla)
• western red cedar (Thuja plicata)
Phylum Anthophyta - flowering plants
• big leaf maple (Acer macrophyllum; no leaves)
• red alder (Alnus rubra; no leaves)
• madrone (Arbutus menziesii)
• evergreen huckleberry (Vaccinium ovatum)
• salal (Gaultheria shallon)
• english ivy (Hedera helix) **invasive**
• dull Oregon grape (Berberis nervosa, also called Mahonia nervosa)
• rhododendron (Rhododendron macrophyllum)
Kingdom Fungi – Table 31.1, p. 626
Phylum Basidiomycota - club fungi
Lichens - symbiosis between fungus and algae – typically an ascomycete fungus
Just know the growth forms = crustose, foliose, fruticose –Fig. 31.16, p. 627
Kingdom Animalia – see Table 33.7 for general overview of major phyla
Phylum Cnidaria - Table 33.1, p. 649
Class Anthozoa
• plumose anemone (Metridium spp.)
• aggregating anemone (Anthopleura elegantissima)
Phylum Mollusca – Table 33.3, p. 656
Class Gastropoda
• limpets, assorted
1
Class Bivalvia
• blue mussel (Mytilus spp.)
Class Polyplacophora
• chitons, assorted
Phylum Annelida – Table 33.4, p. 660
Class Polychaeta - polychaetes
• feather duster worm (Eudistylia vancouveri)
Class Oligochaeta - earthworms
• earthworm (Lumbricus spp.)
Phylum Arthropoda – Table 33.5, p. 664
Class Arachnida – spiders, scorpions, mites, ticks
Class Diplopoda - millipedes
Class Chilopoda - centipedes
Class Insecta – Table 33.6, p.668
Class Crustacea – crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, barnacles
• shore crab (Hemigrapsus spp.)
• northern kelp crab (Pugettia producta)
• hermit crab (Pagurus spp.)
• acorn barnacle (Balanus glandula)
Phylum Echinodermata – pp. 672 - 684
Class Asteroidea
• ochre sea star (Pisaster ochraceus)
• brooding sea star (Leptasterias hexactis)
Class Echinoidea
• green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis)
Phylum Chordata – pp. 678 - 682
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Amphibia – pp. 691 - 693
• Western red-backed salamander (Plethodon vehiculum)
Class Aves – 698 - 701
• American crow (Corvus brachyrhynchos)
• gulls (Larus spp.)
Class Mammalia – pp.701 - 706
• Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis)
2
Biol. 112
sp. 2005
ORGANISMS THAT ARE PRESENT LOCALLY DURING THE WINTER
BUT YOUR INSTRUCTORS WILL HAVE TO COLLECT AND BRING TO LAB
FOR VIEWING. GROSS STRUCTURE EASILY VISIBLE WITH THE NAKED EYE:
Kingdom Fungi – Table 31.1, p. 626
Phylum Ascomycota - sac fungi
Kingdom Animalia – see Table 33.7 for general overview of major phyla
Phylum Porifera – pp. 647 - 648
Phylum Cnidaria – Table 33.1, p. 649
Class Hydrozoa – hydroids (colonial; individuals visible with a microscope)
Phylum Platyhelminthes – flatworms (marine species are difficult to find and collect, but we
may see very very tiny freshwater ones later in the course; pp. 652 - 653)
Phylum Nemertea – ribbonworms – p. 655
Phylum Bryozoa – moss animals (colonial; individuals visible with a microscope; pp. 654 655)
Phylum Mollusca – Table 33.3, p. 656
Class Gastropoda
• periwinkle (Littorina sp.)
• nudibranchs, assorted
Class Bivalvia
• Japanese oyster (Crassostrea gigas) **invasive**
Phylum Echinodermata – pp. 672 - 684
Class Holothuroidea – sea cucumbers
• Parastichopus californicus
• Cucumaria miniata
• Eupentacta quinquesemita
Phylum Chordata – pp. 678 - 682
Subphylum Urochordata – tunicates, ascidians, sea squirts (all of these names are
common names for Urochordates; assorted species)
ORGANISMS THAT ARE PRESENT LOCALLY ALL YEAR ROUND BUT ARE
MOST EASILY VIEWED AT POINT DEFIANCE AQUARIUM
Kingdom Animalia – see Table 33.7 for general overview of major phyla
Phylum Cnidaria – Table 33.1, p. 649
Class Scyphozoa
ß Moon jellies – Aurelia aurita
Phylum Chordata – pp. 678 - 682
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Chondrichthyes – 687 - 688
ß Spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias)
Class Osteichthyes – pp. 688 - 690
• Pacific salmon (7 species) (Oncorhynchus spp.)
• Rockfish (approximately 100 species) (Sebastes spp.)
3
ORGANISMS THAT ARE PRESENT LOCALLY ALL YEAR ROUND BUT
MUST BE VIEWED WITH A MICROSCOPE
Protists
Diatoms (assorted) – p. 560
Kingdom Animalia – see Table 33.7 for general overview of major phyla
Phylum Nematoda – round worms; pp. 661 - 662
ORGANISMS THAT SHOULD BE EASY TO SEE WITH THE
NAKED EYE LATER IN THE YEAR AROUND POINT DEFIANCE PARK
OR THE FLOATING DOCKS
Kingdom Plantae - Table 29.1, p. 576
Phylum Sphenophyta - horsetails
• common horsetail (Equisetum arvense)
Phylum Pterophyta
• bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum)
Phylum Anthophyta
• big leaf maple (Acer macrophyllum; with leaves)
• red alder (Alnus rubra; with leaves)
• salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis)
• scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) **invasive**
Phylum Ginkgophyta – ginkgo (with young leaves)
Kingdom Animalia – see Table 33.7 for general overview of major phyla
Phylum Cnidaria
Class Scyphozoa - jellies
Phylum Mollusca
Class Gastropoda
ß banana slug (Ariolimax columbianus)
Phylum Annelida
Class Hirudinea - leeches
Jennifer’s favorite organism: the lined chiton (Tonicella lineata)
Alexa’s favorite organism: liverworts, all kinds
4