FULANO ALEX MUREMI
A22/0125/2003
BSC. AGRICULTURE (CROP PROTECTION)
SUPERVISOR: PROF. MUTHOMI JAMES
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Dry bean leading legume consumed in
Kenya
Current yield status less than 500-1500kg
Pests and diseases is a yield constraint
Bean production majorly by small scale
farmers
Beans for food security
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Small scale farmers seldom use certified
seeds
Using quality seed is paramount
seed purity
germination capacity
seedling infection
Symptomatic Vs asymptomatic
Planting disease free seeds (IPM)
General objective
 To determine bean seed quality of samples
obtained from farmers and markets in
Bungoma East Sub-County
Specific objectives
 To determination the proportion of pure seed
component in the seed samples and
proportion of other crop seeds, weed seeds
and inert matter by weight in percentage
 To determine germination percentage and
seed/seedling infections
Sample Collection
 The bean samples were collected from individual
farmers, Kimilili Town Market and Webuye Town
Market at random
 Sample size 30
 Sell 1 kg beans as seed?
Determination of Purity Analysis
 Weighted 500 g of every sample
 Separated into fractions, bean seed, other crop
seed, weed seed and inert matter and weighted
 Obtained normal looking bean seeds and
malformed bean seeds from bean seed fraction
and weighed
 Separated main bean variety and the other other
bean varieties from normal looking seeds
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Determination of germination and seedling
infection
Observed aseptic condition
100 seed were blotted on moistened
absorbent paper covered by another set
and rolled accordingly
Three replications for each sample placed
in polythene sleeve and labeled
Incubation
Observation
Moisture levels were checked
Collected data on germination
Physical purity
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The samples averagely had standards set for physical purity
by KEPHIS
Traces of other crop seeds for market samples
Traces of weed seed sample in all the major sources
Table of Bean Fraction, Other Crop Seed Fraction, Weed Seed Fraction and Inert Matter
Fraction
MAJOR SOURCES OF BEAN
SAMPLES
FRACTION %
WEED
OTHER
SEED
CROP SEED FRACTION
FRACTION % %
INERT
MATTER
FRACTION
%
KIMILILI TOWN
MARKET
99.4
0
0
0.5
WEBUYE TOWN
MARKET
99.5
0
0
0.5
FARMERS' OWNED
98.4
0.6
0
1.0
MEAN %
99.1
0.2
0
0.7
Varietal Purity
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Not varietally pure
Samples having more than one variety
Shrunken and discolored seeds
Reduced quality
Table of Normal Looking Bean Seed, Malformed Bean Seed, Main Bean Seed
Variety and Other Bean Varieties
MAJOR SOURCES
OF SAMPLES
NORMAL
LOOKING
BEAN SEED
%
MALFOR
MED
MAIN
BEAN
BEAN SEED OTHER BEAN
SEED % VARIETY % VARIETIES %
KIMILILI TOWN
MARKET
89.9
8.9
68.8
30.7
WEBUYE TOWN
MARKET
88.8
11.0
59.2
40.7
FARMERS OWNED
88.7
11.0
53.7
46.3
MEAN
89.1
10.3
60.6
39.2
Germination percentage
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Relatively fair germination
Few vigorous seedlings
Symptoms as diagnostic aspects of seedborne diseases
Table of seedlings, dead seeds, moldy seeds, diseased seedlings and abnormal
seedlings out of the total blotted seeds
SOURCES OF
COLLECTION %
MOULDY
ABNO.
SEEDLI
SEEDS/SE DISEASED BEAN
BLOTTED NGGS DEAD
EDLINGS SEEDLINGS SEEDLING
SEEDS
%
SEEDS % %
%
S%
KIMILILI TOWN
MARKET
100
64
36
10
24
35
WEBUYE TOWN
MARKET
100
58
43
7
19
33
FARMERS' OWNED
MEAN
100
100
78
67
22
34
7
8
23
22
38
35
Seedlings
Diseased seedlings
Dead seeds and Moldiness
Vigorous Seedlings
Conclusion and Recommendations
Conclusion
 The seeds were highly contaminated
Recommendations
 There should be availability of clean planting
material
 Holistic approach in ascertaining bean seed
quality status
 Inclusion of a control