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Phoenix Chemical, Inc.
Chemistry Class:
The pH scale
Arrhenius 1887 was the first person to give a definition of an acid
and a base, namely that an acid gives rise to excess of H+ in aqueous
solution whereas a base gives rise to excess of OH- in solution.
The theory was refined by Bronsted-Lowry in 1923 such that a
proton donor was defined as an acid and a proton acceptor as a base.
They also introduced the familiar concept of the conjugate acid - base
pair. The final refinement to acid base theory was completed by Lewis
in 1923 who extended the concept to be an acid is an e -pair acceptor
and a base an e -pair donor.
The pH scale derives from the characteristics of the autodissociation of water. Pure water has a low conductivity and is only
slightly ionized, however, water does dissociate slightly into hydronium
ions and hydroxide ions:
2H2O = H3O+ + OH – or H2O = H+ + OH –
pH scale
10 0
10 –7
Stomach
0
1
2
Sm. Intestine
3
Battery Acid
4
5
Blood
6
7
Orange Juice
Vinegar
10 –14
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Sea Water
Milk
Bleach
Relationship between pH and pKa
We all remember pKa from chemistry class. For some it is a blur
of classes past, but it is a powerful concept. The famous HendersonHasselbach equation defines the relationship between pH, and pKa.
It allows us to calculate the relative concentrations of an acid and
its salt.
[A – ]
pH = pKa+log
[HA]
where [A ] is the molar concentration of the salt (dissociated
species) and [HA] is the concentration of the undissociated acid. When
the concentrations of the salt and acid are equal, the pH of the system
equals the pKa of the acid.
-
April/May/June 2010
Volume 10, Issue 2
Solving Problems that Formulators Care About
A good plan for life in general, is that if you have two
choices, choose the harder.
Inside This Issue:
Products Designed to Solve Hard Problems
1
Performance Driven Hair Care 2
Green Lip Care Butter
3
Chef’s Corner
3
Chemistry Class
4
60 Fourth St., Somerville, NJ 08876
Special Points of Interest
Solution Driven Value 1
Cornucopia of Hair Treatment 2
Healthy Lip Care Goes Green
3
Now that’s Italian
3
Relationship between
pH and pKa
4
Phoenix Chemical deliberately seeks to solve hard
technical problems. Working in this arena has been our
competitive advantage. Creating the cutting edge is not
easy but we believe it is even harder for our competition.
Staying ahead on the new technology path is the hard
road. It is, as Edison said, “one percent inspiration and
ninety-nine percent perspiration.” Continually creating
dependable cosmetic technology is the best asset
we have. We remain very grateful that our customers,
who seek solid formulating solutions, choose Phoenix
technology. In this edition, we will look back on some of
the gold standard bearing products that were designed to
solve hard problems.
An Organic Solution for Infusing Elegance and
Hydration in Color Cosmetics
Pelemol PHS-8 (Polyhydroxystearic Acid) is a novel,
all vegetable derived, true polymeric ester, which provides
gloss and a rich, elegant feel. It has many nucleophillic
sites and will bind water via hydrogen bonding on the
skin surface to provide conditioning and humectancy. It
also is able to hydrogen bond with pigments making it a
great coating aid. Further it is a superior grinding agent.
Unique Water Soluble Solvent
Pelemol G-7A (Glycereth-7 Triacetate) finds
application as a superb solubilizer for cosmeceutical
actives. It produces a light and silky emollience on the
skin. It is particulary excellent for suncreens. It is miscible
in water and is also soluble in many oils, thus providing a
coupling effect and further enhancing formulation latitude.
Lastly, it can be used to reduce tackiness in Carbomer gels.
Super Smoothing Ester
Pelemol P-49 (Pentaerythrityl Tetraisononanoate) has
such a silky glide that it serves as a means to help your
lipstick draw the perfect line. It is also ideal for crease
resistant lipsticks while it illuminates an array of rich tones
and leaves colors glowing like shimmering satin. Lips will
become enveloped in soft rich silk to ensure the perfect
pout. It is also ideal for high end skin creams and lotions.
Add Body to Creams and Lotions
Pelemol BB (Behenyl Behenate) is a mild, 100%
vegetable ester that is a terrific cosmetic stabilizer. The
addition of 2% of Pelemol BB, in the oil phase, will
tighten the emulsion and help to maximize a rich, creamy
emollient feel.
Moisturizing and Conditioning Ester: Great
Affinity for Lip and Color Cosmetics
Diisostearyl Malate is an alpha-hydroxy acid ester
recognized for its high cushion, emolliency, and soft
after-feel. Phoenix is pleased to offer two versions,
Pelemol DISM, which is synthetic and natural derived
and the new Pelemol DISM-V which is 100% natural
derived. In anhydrous color cosmetics, these products
provide a three-fold benefit: gloss (refractive index of
1.463), moisturization and conditioning. Both products
are also popular in creams and lotions.
100% Active Cationic W/O Emulsifier, Gelling
Agent and Conditioner
Catemol 220-B (Behenamidopropyl-dimethylamine
Behenate) is the behenic acid salt of behenamidopropyl
dimethylamine and can be classified as a cationic
organic salt, with a small amount of free behenic acid.
Catemol 220-B is a primary w/o emulsifier and gelling
agent and conditioning active. Catemol 220-B disperses
readily in water (5% w/w at 80oC) and can be stabilized
to form a lotion. At elevated temperatures (70o C) and at
concentrations of 5% w/w Catemol 220-B is soluble in a
variety of oils (mineral oil, castor oil, etc.) and on cooling
forms a gel with a significant reduction in oiliness.
The addition of a small amount of water with
moderate agitation results in a rich, creamy, w/o white
emulsion. Catemol 220-B at 5% w/w will dissolve warm
cyclomethicone forming an opaque gel that melts at body
temperature leaving the skin with a smooth emollient feel.
Lastly, Catemol 220-B is an effective conditioning
agent for use in shampoos and conditioners. It mitigates
static-flyaway as well as improving wet and dry
manageability.
Structure for Color Stick Products
While Enhancing Vibrancy
Giovarez 1800 (Polyvinyl Stearyl Ether) is a
polymeric wax that will let you go for the glow. It will
provide structure and also intensify the color and
shine of pigments. Further, it is an effective melting
point depressant when used with other waxes.
Cosmetic raw materials that you can count on
can clearly create an advantage. When a cosmetic
formula comes together it can be inspiring. That’s what
formulators need to do and that’s why they work so darn
hard. It’s not magic. It can take a tremendous effort. You
can’t breathe easier until you deliver. We trust that you
will continue to have faith in yourself and the Phoenix
materials that you have found have always worked for
you. So solve the hard problems with “No Explanations,
No Excuses” and may we add, ‘’No Apologies
Necessary”, to that. Exist to solve the hard problems!
Phoenix Chemical, Inc. • 60 Fourth Street • Somerville, NJ 08876 • Tel: 908.707.0232 • Fax: 908.707.0186 • www.phoenix-chem.com
60 Fourth St., Somerville, NJ 08876
High Performance
Hair Care
Products
Phoenix
Green Lip Care Ensures the Perfect Pout
To maintain the healthiest lips, use glossy
Healthy hair starts with using the right products. Tapping into innovative technology is essential
moisturizing products that will keep lips soft and
for developing customized hair care product platforms. Whether targeting shine or developing
pliable. A product which really serves as a means to
multi-functional products to hydrate and strengthen hair, there is much new hair care technology
this end is our latest cosmetic ester, Pelemol D3GP
under development.
(Dimer Dilinoleyl Dimer Dilinoleate (and) Propanediol
Phoenix improves your premium performance hair care products by offering:
Hair Detangler
Pecosil FDM-30
Anti-Frizz Treatment
Pecosil FSL-300
Moisture Recovery
Neopro W-40
Pecosil SPP-50
Pecosil PAN-12
Pecosil PAN-400
Pecosil PAN-418
Pecosil PAN-1218Q
Silky, Manageable Hair
Catemol WPC
Pecosil PS-112
Pecosil PAN-12
Dicaprylate/Caprate (and) Polyglyceryl-3 Behenate).
Pelemol D3GP is a 100% vegetable derived functional
equivalent to animal based mixed alkyl cholesterol
and lanosterol based esters. Its soft butter like
texture melts readily into the lips and provides long
lasting gloss. It imparts cushion and functions as a
functional replacement for petrolatum. The product is
odorless and tasteless. In addition to its application
in lip products, its use in cosmetic moisturizers will
enable skin to become highly supple. This product’s
esthetics and longevity, will help assure that you
deliver functionality and elegance to your next
product launch.
Restorative Conditioning
Pecosil SW-83
Pecosil SWQ-40
Pecosil PAN-1218Q
Pecosil SPP-50
Pecosil PAN-418
Restorative, Moisturizing Lipids
Pecosil SO-9
Brilliant Shine
Pecosil ARS-09
Pecosil ARS-12
Pecosil PSQ-418
Color Preservation and Daily Care
Phoenotaine C-35
Chef’s Corner
Today’s Special: Vea l & Peppers
(su bstitute c hicken for vea l if desired)
Hot Oil Treatment
Dicopamine DPN
2 lbs. Veal shoulder cut into bite size pieces
or 2 lb. chicken breast
6 large mixed bell peppers (green, red, yellow),
cored and sliced into strips
2 large yellow onions, sliced
10 garlic cloves, sliced
2 lbs. sliced baby bell mushrooms (optional)
1 cup extra virgin olive oil
1 teaspoon salt
1 tablespoon black ground pepper
2 tablespoons dry oregano
1 x 1 lb. 12oz. can tomato puree
Pla ce ½ of the oli ve oil in a 4 qt. pan and
brown the veal. Remove and set aside. Add all
of the peppers, onions, garli c, mushrooms, and the remaining oli ve
oil. Cover and sauté until vegetables are wilt ed (about 10 min.) .
Remove cover and add veal, stir. Add salt, pepper, oregano evenly
over top. Next add tomato puree evenly. Pla ce cover back on pan
leave a ½ inch opening to allow for reduction. Simmer for 1 hr.
and serve.
This dish is usually reserved for sandwiches but can be served
with steamed rice.
Thank you for considering these innovative chemical solutions for your performance driven research.
Phoenix Chemical, Inc. • 60 Fourth Street • Somerville, NJ 08876 • Tel: 908.707.0232 • Fax: 908.707.0186 • www.phoenix-chem.com
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