47568 Single Pages.indd - Refrigerated Air Dryers for Compressed Air

ICECYCLE
ICECYCLE
ICECYCLE
Energy Saving
TM
PATENT
PENDING
TM
Energy Saving Thermal
Thermal
Mass
Energy
Saving
Mass
Cycling
AirCycling
Dryers
TM
AirMass
Dryers
Thermal
Cycling
Air Dryers
••
••
••
••
••
www.macair1.com
www.macair1.com
www.macair1.com
WAS 360
“Ice adsorbs
adsorbs heat
heat better
better than
than almost
almost any
any substance”
substance”
“Ice
“Ice adsorbs heat better than almost any substance”
THE
POWER
OF ICE
ICECYCLETM DRYERS ARE ASSEMBLED BY
HIGHLY SKILLED CRAFTSMAN
IN WALLED LAKE, MI USA
QUALITY FEATURES
ICECYCLE
dryers are assembled by
ICECYCLETM
TM dryers are assembled by
highly skilled craftsman in Walled Lake,
Michigan
USA
The
ICECYCLETM
proprietary heat exchanger module includes the air
Michigan
USA
100%
ALUMINUMinHEAT
EXCHANGER
highlyCOPPER
skilledand
craftsman
Walled
Lake,
to air, air to refrigerant heat exchangers and moisture separator. Low
pressure drops adds to the energy efficiency.
QUALITY
QUALITY FEATURES
FEATURES
ICECYCLETM dryers are assembled by
100%
COPPER
ALUMINUM
HEAT
REFRIGERATION
COMPRESSORS
highly
skilled craftsman
in Walled Lake,
100% COPPER and
and
ALUMINUM
HEAT EXEXCHANGER
Michigan
USA
CHANGER
The compressor is the heart of the air dryer. Tecumseh and Copeland
The
ICECYCLE
TM
proprietary
heat
exchanger
The compressors
ICECYCLE
TM standard
proprietary
heat
exchanger
Scroll
are
features,
they are
Made In The USA,
module
includes
the
air
to
air,
air
to
module
the air
to air,
air to refrigerant
refrigerant
QUALITY
FEATURES
widely
usedincludes
and the highest
quality
compressors
available.
heat
and
moisture
separator.
Low
heat exchangers
exchangers100%
andCOPPER
moisture
separator.HEAT
LowEXand ALUMINUM
pressure
adds
to
energy
CHANGER
pressure drops
drops
adds
to the
the
energy efficiency.
efficiency.
STAINLESS
STEEL
MESH
MOISTURE
SEPERATOR
The ICECYCLETM proprietary heat exchanger
Highly
effective method
of separating
airrefrigerant
stream using
module
includes moisture
the air tofrom
air, the
air to
REFRIGERATION
COMPRESSORS
REFRIGERATION
COMPRESSORS
heat
exchangers
and
moisture
separator.
Low
the
coalescing/impingement
method.
Small
droplets
of
moisture
The
of
ai
Tecumseh
and
CopeThecompressor
compressor isisthe
theheart
heart
of the
thedrops
airrdryer.
dryer.
Tecumseh
andefficiency.
Cope- come
pressure
adds
to the energy
together
on thecompressors
surface of the are
mesh
to form bigfeatures,
droplets that
fall out due
land
they
land Scroll
Scroll
compressors
are standard
standard
features,
they
REFRIGERATION
COMPRESSORS
to
gravitational
force.
Allows
dryer
to
operate
at
low
air
flows
are
Made
In
The
USA,
widely
used
and
the
highest
are Made In The USA,
widely used and the highestand still
The compressor istheheartof theairdryer.Tecumseh and Copeseparate
moisture
effectively.
quality
compressors
available.
quality compressors
landavailable.
Scroll compressors are standard features, they
Corrosion
Corrosion proof
proof tank
tank contains
contains air/water/ice/refrigerant
air/water/ice/refrigerant
heat
heat exchanger,
exchanger, condensate
condensate separator
separator and
and water.
water.
Corrosion proof tank contains air/water/ice/refrigerant
heat exchanger, condensate separator and water.
are Made In The USA, widely used and the highest
CORROSION
PLASTIC
TANK
quality
compressors
available.SEPERATOR
STAINLESSPROOF
STEEL
MESH
MOISTURE
STAINLESS STEEL MESH MOISTURE SEPERATOR
The
heateffective
exchangermethod
is locatedof
a 100% corrosion
proof from
plasticthe
tank.
Highly
moisture
air
Highly
effective
method
ofinseparating
separating
moisture
from
the
air stream
stream using
using
STAINLESS
STEEL MESH
MOISTURE
SEPERATOR
Competitive
cycling
dryers
are
use
metal
tanks
that
are
prone
to
leak
the
coalescing/impingement
method.
Small
droplets
of
moisture
come
the coalescing/impingement
droplets
offrom
moisture
comeusing
Highly effectivemethod.
method ofSmall
separating
moisture
the air stream
together
of
big
droplets
that
fall
due
the coalescing/impingement
method.
droplets
of moisture
together on
on the
the surface
surface
of the
the mesh
mesh to
to form
form
bigSmall
droplets
that
fall out
out come
due
together
on
the
surface
of
the
mesh
to
form
big
droplets
that
fall
out
due
SIMPLE,
RELAIBLE
CONTROLS
to
Allows
dryer
to
operate
at
low
air
flows
and
still
to gravitational
gravitational force.
force.
Allows
dryer
to
operate
at
low
air
flows
and
still
to gravitational force. Allows dryer to operate at low air flows and still
separate
moisture
effectively.
Suction
Pressure
Gageseparate
(IC200 moisture
and up) effectively.
separate
moisture
effectively.
Discharge Pressure Gage (IC800 and up)
CORROSION
PROOF
PLASTIC TANK
CORROSION
PROOF
PLASTIC
TANK
Digital
Dew point Indicator
Readout
CORROSION
PROOF
PLASTIC
TANK
Theis
heat
exchanger
is 100%
located corrosion
in a 100% corrosion
proof plasThe
heat
exchanger
located
in
a
proof
plasOn-Off
Switch
The heat exchanger
is located
in acycling
100%
corrosion
prooftanks
plastic tank.
Competitive
dryers
are use metal
that
tic
Competitive
cycling
dryers
Dryer
On Light
tic tank.
tank.
Competitive
cycling
dryers are
are use
use metal
metal tanks
tanks that
that
are prone
to leak
are
to
leak
Energy
Saving
(Indicates dryer has switched off)
are prone
prone
toMode
leaklight
SIMPLE, RELAIBLE CONTROLS
Suction Pressure Gage (IC200 and up)
SIMPLE,
CONTROLS
SIMPLE, RELAIBLE
RELAIBLE
CONTROLS
REFRIGERANT
ACCESS
PORTS
Discharge
Pressure Gage (IC800 and up)
Suction
Pressure Digital
GageDew
(IC200
and
up)
Suction
(IC200
and
up)Readout
pointrefrigeration
Indicator
All
models Pressure
include highGage
and low
side
system access ports
Discharge
Pressure
Gage
(IC800
and
On-Off
Switch
Discharge
Pressure Gage (IC800 and up)
up)
for
easy servicing.
yer On Light
Digital
Indicator
Readout
Digital Dew
Dew point
point Dr
Indicator
Readout
Energy Saving Mode light (Indicates dryer
On-Off
Switch
On-Off
Switch
ZERO
LOSS
DRAINS
has switched off)
Dr
yer
On
Light
Dr
yer
On
Light
Energy
efficient
drainsREFRIGERANT
ensure
that
valuable
compressed
ACCESS
PORTS ai is not lost
Energy
Saving
light
(Indicates
dryer
Energy
SavingisMode
Mode
light
(Indicates
dryer
All models
include
high and
low side refrigeration system acwhen
condensate
ejected.
(optional)
has
has switched
switched off)
off) cess ports for easy servicing.
OVERSIZED
CONDENSERS
REFRIGERANT
PORTS
ZERO LOSS
DRAINS
REFRIGERANT ACCESS
ACCESS
PORTS
Energy
efficient
drains
ensure
that
valuable
compressed
All
high
and
low
side
refrigeration
system
acAssures
properinclude
operation
in the
harshest
industrial
environments.
Dryers
All models
models
include
high
and
low
side
refrigeration
system
ac- air
is not
lost when condensate is ejected. (optional)
ports
for
easy
servicing.
cess
can
withstand
up toeasy
140Fservicing.
Inlet air and 120F ambient temps.
ports for
cess
OVERSIZED CONDENSERS
Assures proper operation in the harshest industrial environZERO
ZERO LOSS
LOSS DRAINS
DRAINS
ments. Dryers can withstand up to 140F Inlet air and 120F
Energy
Energy efficient
efficient drains
drains
ensure
that valuable
valuable compressed
compressed air
air
temps. that
ambientensure
MODEL
CAPACITY REFRIG
IN/
OUT
PRESSURE
WATTS
SHIP
REFRIG.
AVAILABLE
NPT
DROP
FULL
WGT
TYPE
VOLTAGES
PSID
LOAD
W
L
H
(LBS)
SCFM
COMP
38 F PDP
HP
IC75A
75
1/3
1
2.00
570
18
26
26
135
R134A
IC100A
100
1/2
1
2.25
768
18
26
26
148
R134A
IC125A
125
3/4
1 1/2
1.5
1047
18
26
26
225
R134A
IC150A
150
3/4
1 1/2
1.5
1047
18
26
26
235
R134A
IC200A
200
1
2
1.5
1360
23
33
32
250
R134A
IC250A
250
1 1/2
2
1.75
1850
23
33
32
295
R404A
IC300A
300
1 1/2
2
2.00
1850
23
33
32
310
R404A
IC400A
400
2
2
1.95
2220
29
46
37
485
R404A
IC500A
500
3
2
2.00
3980
29
46
37
510
R404A
IC625A
625
3
2
2.00
3980
29
46
37
530
R404A
IC800A
800
4
3
2.10
5180
35
50
59
855
R404A
240-3-60
IC1000A
1000
6
3
2.15
7400
35
50
59
865
R404A
460-3-60
IC1200A
1200
6
3
2.13
7400
35
50
59
900
R404A
575-3-60
NOTES:
1. Capacity is based on CAGI Standard No. ADF100. Inlet Temp 100 F, Inlet Pressure 100 psig
Ambient Temp 100 F at 38 F PDP. For conditions other than standard use the correction factors below.
2. Dryers maximum operating pressure is 232 psig for higher pressures consult factory.
3. Air-cooled condensers are standard on all models. Water-cooled condensers are available.
4. Information in this catalog is subject to change without notice.
5. H Series prefilters are recommended before the ICECYCLE dryers. See H Series catalog.
6. For Larger Sizes Consult Factory.
7. Information subject to change without notice.
Inlet Pressure
Correction Factor
Inlet Temp
Correction Factor
Ambient Temp
Correction Factor
PSIG
50
75
100
150
250
F1
1.29
1.10
1.00
.86
.79
Temp F
80
90
100
110
120
F2
.61
.79
1.00
1.23
1.51
Temp F
80
90
100
110
F3
.80
.89
1.00
1.16
Available only from:
240-1-60
INTRODUCING THE ICECYCLETM
ENERGY SAVING REFRIGERATED AIR DRYER
INTRODUCING THE ICECYCLETM ENERGY SAVING REFRIGERATED AIR DRYER
TM
The ICECYCLE energy saving air dryer is different than
ICECYCLE vs. TRADITIONAL CYCLING DRYERS
INTRODUCING
THE
ICECYCLE
TM ENERGY SAVING REFRIGERATED AIR DRYER
any other refrigerated dryer available.
Traditional cycling type refrigerated air dryers use antifreeze,
The
energy
saving
air dryer is different sandICECYCLE
vs.substances
TRADITIONAL
CYCLING
• ICECYCLE
The ICECYCLETMonly
runs when
necessary
or special chemical
as a thermal
mass. DRYERS
than
other refrigerated
dryer available.
Traditional
type
air dryers
use an
mass cycling
is cooled
to nearrefrigerated
32 F. Compressed
air
ICECYCLE
Theany
ICECYCLE
TM energy saving air dryer is different The thermal
vs. TRADITIONAL
CYCLING
DRYER
• It significantly reduces energy costs and wear and
freeze,
sand
or
special
chemical
substances
as
a the
then flows
thru a thermal
mass
heatrefrigerated
exchanger where
the
than any other refrigerated dryer available.
Traditional
cycling
type
air dryers
use
a
tear ICECYCLE
thereby greatlyonly
extending
the lifenecessary
of the dryer.
mal
mass.
The
thermal
mass
is
cooled
to
near
32
• The
runs when
compressed
airsand
is cooled
the moisture
is condensed
freeze,
or and
special
chemical
substances as aF.th
Compressed
air
then flows
acooled
thermaltomass
heat
• It significantly reduces energy costs and wear and and removed
from the
compressed
air. thru
The is
refrigeration
mal mass.
The
thermal
mass
near 32
F
•• The
TheICECYCLE
ICECYCLE
only
runs
when
necessary
comes
with
a 5 year
warranty.
exchanger
where
the
compressed
air
is
cooled
and
tear
thereby
greatly
extending
the
life
of
the
dryer.
that is usedairto then
cool the
thermal
down is mass heat
Compressed
flows
thrumass
a thermal
• It significantly reduces energy costs and wear andcompressor
moisture
is condensed
andthrough
removed
from
the com• The ICECYCLE comes with a 5 year warranty.
off. As compressed
air flows
theair
dryer
exchanger
where the
compressed
is cooled
and
tear
thereby greatly
extending
the life ofair
the dryer.switched
Traditional
Non-Cycling
and Energy
Saving refrigerated
pressed
air.isThe
compressor
that
use
is adsorbed
into refrigeration
the thermal
mass
the temperature
moisture
condensed
and
removed
from
theiscom• have
Themany
ICECYCLE
comes with a 5 year warranty. and heat
dryers
draw backs.
cool
the
thermal
mass
down
is
switched
off.
As
co
Traditional Non-Cycling and Energy Saving refrigerated
risesto
and
the
dryer
turns
on.
Circulating
pumps
are
needed
pressed air. The refrigeration compressor that is use
pressed
air
flows
through
the
dryer
and
heat
is
adair
dryers
have
many
draw
backs.
to move
anti-freeze/glycol
for better
cooling
efficiency. off. As co
Non-Cycling
dryers
must be sized
to handle
100%
of refrigerated
to the
cool
the thermal mass
down
is switched
Traditional
Non-Cycling
and
Energy
Saving
thermal
temperature
rises
Othersorbed
types ofinto
cycling
dryers
use amass
complicated
series
the air
possible
output
SCFM
from
your backs.
air compressor.
pressed
airthe
flows
through
thethe
dryer
and heat is
ad- a
dryers
have
many
draw
the
dryer
turns
on.
Circulating
pumps
are
needed
to
Non-Cycling
dryers
must
be
sized
to
handle
100%
of
of refrigerant
by micro-processors
that
They run at 100% full power when they are in operation.
sorbedvalves
into controlled
the thermal
mass the temperature
rises
move
the
anti-freeze/glycol
for
better
cooling
efficienc
the
possible
output
SCFM
from
your
air
compressor.
flow of
refrigerant.
The problems
with these
thethedryer
turns
on. Circulating
pumps
are needed to
Non-Cycling
dryers operate
must be
to handle
Rarely
do air compressors
at sized
100% output
SCFM.100% ofregulate
Other
types
of
cycling
dryers
use
a complicated
serie
They
run
at
100%
full
power
when
they
are
in
operation.
dryer
types
are
the
dew
point
fluctuates,
the
anti-freeze/
move the anti-freeze/glycol for better
cooling efficien
possible
output
fromthey
your
Thisthe
means
that most
of theSCFM
time, when
areairin compressor.
use
valves
controlled
byvalves
micro-processors
Rarely
do air
compressors
operate
at
100%
glycolofOther
isrefrigerant
toxic,types
the circulating
pumps,
control
and
of
cycling
dryers
use
a complicated
sert
They run
at 100%
full much
power
when
they
are output
in operation.
non-cycling
dryers
are using
more
energy
than
regulate
the
flow
of
refrigerant.
The
problems
with
th
SCFM.
This
means
that
most
of
the
time,
when
they
are
microprocessors
never
stop
working
and
are
prone
to
fail.
of refrigerant valves controlled by micro-processors
Rarely do air compressors operate at 100% output
necessary.
dryer
types
are
the
dew
point
fluctuates,
the
anti-free
inSCFM.
use non-cycling
dryers
are
using
much
more
energy
regulateTM the
flow
of refrigerant.
problems with th
This means that most of the time, when they are
solves
these
problems. TheThe
antifreeze/
The ICECYCLE
glycol
is
toxic,are
thethe
circulating
pumps,
control valves a
than
necessary.
dryer
types
dew
point
fluctuates,
in use
non-cycling dryers are using much more energy
glycol, circulating pumps, sand, special refrigeration the anti-fre
microprocessors
never
stop
working
and
are prone to
glycol
is micro-processors,
toxic, the circulating
pumps,
than necessary.
control
valves,
hot gas
bypasscontrol
valves valves
fail.
microprocessors
stop working and are prone
fan cycling
switches havenever
been eliminated.
The
fail. ICECYCLETM solves these problems. The anti
freeze/glycol,
circulating
pumps, sand, special re
The ICECYCLE
TM solves these problems. The ant
TMcontrol valves, micro-processors, hot
frigeration
circulating
pumps,
sand,
Thefreeze/glycol,
ICECYCLE operation
is incredibly
simple.
It special r
gas
bypass control
valves fan
cycling
switches have bee
frigeration
valves,
micro-processors,
ho
uses only 100% pure water as a thermal mass.
eliminated.
gas bypass valves fan cycling switches have be
The compressed air heat exchanger and the
eliminated.
The
ICECYCLE
TM integrated
operation
refrigerant
evaporator are
in to is
a incredibly sim
ple.
It
uses
only
100%
pure
water
proprietarily
designed copper
tube/aluminum fin as a therma
The ICECYCLE
TM operation is incredibly si
mass.
compressed
airis submersed
heat
exchanger
an
heat
exchanger.
This
heat exchanger
in a therm
ple.
ItThe
uses
only
100% pure
water
as
the
refrigerant
evaporator
are
integrated
in
to
water.
During
periods
of
low
or
no
compressed
air
flow
mass. The compressed air heat exchanger a
iceproprietarily
forms
on the outside
of the air/refrigerant/water
designed
copper
f
the refrigerant
evaporator
aretube/aluminum
integrated in to
heat
exchanger.
When
there
is
enough
ice
formed
heat
exchanger.
This
heat
exchanger
is
sub
proprietarily designed copper tube/aluminum
themersed
ICECYCLE in
turnswater.
off. At this
point NOperiods
During
of low isor su
n
heat exchanger.
This
heatELECTRICTY
exchanger
is being
used.
As
the
compressed
air
begins on
to flow
compressed
air
flow
ice
forms
the
outside
mersed in water. During periods of low or o
thethe
heat air/refrigerant/water
from the air is adsorbed into the ice.
The ice
Whe
compressed air flow iceheat
formsexchanger.
on the outside
thickness
monitor
senses
the
ice
is
beginning
to
melt
there
is enough
ice formed
the exchanger.
ICECYCLE turn
the
air/refrigerant/water
heat
Wh
TM
andoff.
the At
ICECYCLE
turnsNO
backELECTRICTY
on. Because thereis being used
this
point
there
is
enough
ice
formed
the
ICECYCLE
tur
is always
a layer
of ice on the heat
exchangerto
theflow the hea
As
the
compressed
air
begins
TM this point NO ELECTRICTY is being use
off. At
ICECYCLE
delivers
39 F pressure
dew ice. The ic
from
the
air aisconstant
adsorbed
into the
As
the
compressed
air begins
to flow the he
point with no fluctuation.
TM
TM
TM
thickness
senses the
icethe
is beginning
from the monitor
air is adsorbed
into
ice. The it
Would
youand
buy athe
refrigerator
that never
off?back on. Be
TM shuts
turns
melt
ICECYCLE
thickness
monitor
senses
the
ice
is beginning
cause
there
is
always
a
layer
of
ice
on the
Non-cycling
dryers
never
shut
off.
on.hea
B
melt and the ICECYCLETM turns back
exchanger
the
TM delivers a constan
cause
there
is ICECYCLE
always
a layer
of ice on the he
UNIQUE
BENEFITS
ONLY
FROM ICECYCLE
39
F pressure
dew
point withTMno
fluctuation.
exchanger
the
ICECYCLE
delivers
a consta
• ICECYCLE dryers only run when needed.
39 F pressure dew point with no fluctuation.
•• ICECYCLE saves big money on electricity costs.
•• ICECYCLE saves dryer wear and tear.
•
•
S
ntiRS
eranti-
hert
F.
the
at
the
ed
omed
omand
and
cy.
o
es
ncy.
that
ries
hese
s that
eze/
hese
and
eeze/
oand
to
ieti-
reen
ot
een
mal
imnd
mal
a
and
fina
o
bfin
no
ubof
no
enof
ns
hen
d.
rns
at
ed.
ce
eat
to
ice
eg to
at
Bent
eat
ant
ICECYCLE
COST
vs. NON-CYCLING DRYERS
TM
TM
TM
TM
PATENT
PENDING
ICECYCLE
 
TM
SEQUENCE OF OPERATION
TM
• NO GLYCOL/ANTI-FREEZE
•
• NO CIRCULATING
PUMPS
•
• WATER •ADSORBS HEAT BETTER THAN
ALMOST ANY SUBSTANCE
• SHIPS• DRY, SAVES MONEY ON
SHIPPING COSTS
Hot, moisture laden compressed air enters the dryer inlet. It passes through the air to air heat exchanger where it
Hot,
moisture
enters
theenters
dryerthe
inlet.
It passes
through
air to air
heatthe
exchanger
is
pre-cooled
byladen
the outcompressed
going cold air.airThe
air then
main
air/water/ice
heatthe
exchanger
where
heat is
where it is pre-cooled by the out going cold air. The air then enters the main air/water/ice heat exchanger
adsorbed
into
the
ice/water
and
the
air
is
cooled
to
its
lowest
temperature.
Because
of
the
cooling
the
moisture
in
where the heat is adsorbed into the ice/water and the air is cooled to its lowest temperature. Because of
the
changes
from aingas
a liquid.
The air
thenfrom
enters
the moisture
separator
liquidthe
moisture
the air
cooling
thestate
moisture
thetoair
changes
state
a gas
to a liquid.
The airwhere
then the
enters
moisture
separator
theair
liquid
moisture
is separated
the air stream
away bythe
theair
condensate
is
separatedwhere
from the
stream
and drained
away by from
the condensate
drain.and
The drained
air then re-enters
to
drain. Theheat
air exchanger
then re-enters
air to refrigerant
exchanger
where
it is re-heated
refrigerant
where the
it is re-heated
and exits heat
the dryer,
cool, clean
compressed
air ready and
to doexits
work.the
dryer, cool, clean compressed air ready to do work. The air to water/ice heat exchanger is integrated with
The
air to water/ice
heat exchanger
is integrated
withisthe
refrigerant
evaporator.
Theand
heataluminum
exchangerfins
is made
the refrigerant
evaporator.
The heat
exchanger
made
from copper
tubes
and is subfrom
copper
tubes in
and
andplastic
is submersed
in water
in a corrosion
proof plastic tank.
During the
periods
mersed
in water
a aluminum
corrosion fins
proof
tank. During
periods
of low compressed
air usage
excessive
causes ice capacity
to form automatically
on the exterior
of the
alumiof
lowrefrigeration
compressed capacity
air usage automatically
the excessive refrigeration
causes
icecopper
to form tubes
on the and
exterior
num
fins.
When
the
thickness
of
ice
is
satisfactory
the
ice
thickness
monitor
turns
the
dryers
refrigeration
of the copper tubes and aluminum fins. When the thickness of ice is satisfactory the ice thickness monitor turns
compressor off. At this point the dryer is in energy saving mode and no electricity is being consumed. The
the
dryers refrigeration
off. Atmonitored.
this point theAsdryer
in energy saving
no electricity
is being
thickness
of the ice compressor
is continuously
theiscompressed
air mode
flows and
through
the dryer
and is
consumed.
The dew
thickness
the ice is continuously
monitored.
As the
compressed
air flows
through
dryer andThe
cooled to the
pointoftemperature,
the ice begins
to melt
and
the thickness
of the
ice isthe
reduced.
icecooled
thickness
senses
the melting
the ice
refrigeration
system
cycles
is
to themonitor
dew point
temperature,
the iceofbegins
to and
melt the
anddryer’s
the thickness
of the ice
is reduced.
Theoniceincreasing
the
ice
thickness.
This
process
of
freezing
and
melting
water
is
the
secret
behind
the
operation
of the
thickness monitor senses the melting of the ice and the dryer’s refrigeration system cycles on increasing the ice
ICECYCLE.
thickness. This process of freezing and melting water is the secret behind the operation of the ICECYCLE.
WATER