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CP Chemistry – Unit 13 Worksheet 3
Equilibrium Expressions
Equilibrium Expressions
The equilibrium constant (Keq) is a numerical or quantitative means of expressing the
relationship between the concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium.
Reactants or products that are pure solids or pure liquids do not appear in the equilibrium
expression; no matter what happens to the amount of the solid or liquid during the
reaction’s progress, the purity or concentration of the solid or liquid remains unchanged.
Only gases and solutions can change in concentration (or purity) so only gases and
solutions are included in equilibrium expressions.
Since the amount of a gas or a dissolved solute within a particular volume can change, the
concentration can change. Concentration for both gases and solutions can be expressed as
moles of gas or solute in a particular volume, typically a liter, of space. Recall that
concentration is indicated by the symbol [ ].
Keq = [C]c x [D]d
[A]a x [B]b
when aA + bB  cC + dD
1.
Write the equilibrium expressions for the following reactions in the space below:
a.
O3 (g) + NO(g) → O2(g) + NO2(g)
b.
2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2(g)
c.
NH4NO3(s) → N2O(g) + 2H2O(l)
d.
2H2O(g) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
e.
2KCl(s) + 3O2(g) → KClO3(s)
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U13 cp ws 3 2014
The Meaning of the Value of Keq
Since the equilibrium expression puts products over reactants, we can use the numerical
value of Keq to determine whether products or reactants are favored at equilibrium. For
each of the equilibrium expression values below, indicate whether reactants or products
are likely to be favored. Justify your decisions.
a.
Keq = 1 x 1012
b.
Keq = 1.5
d.
Keq = 1
c.
Keq = 5.6 x 10-4
Calculations Involving Keq
The concentrations of the gases involved in the reversible reactions at equilibrium are
known as the equilibrium concentrations. Since Keq represents the system at equilibrium,
only these concentrations can be used in the equilibrium expressions.
3.
What is the equilibrium constant, Keq, if the equilibrium concentrations are as
follows: PCl5 is 0.0096 M, PCl3 is 0.0247 M and Cl2 is 0.0247 M?
PCl5(g) → PCl3(g) + Cl2(g).
4.
At a given temperature, the Keq for the reaction 2HI(g) → H2(g) + I2(g) is 1.40 x 10-2.
If the concentrations of both H2 and I2 at equilibrium are 2.00 x 10-4M, find the
concentration of HI.
Modeling Chemistry
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U13 cp ws 3 2014
5.
Acetic acid dissociates in water. If Keq = 1.80 x 10-5 and the equilibrium
concentrations of acetic acid is 0.09986M, what is the concentration of H+(aq) and
C2H3O2-(aq)?
HC2H3O2(aq) →H+(aq) + C2H3O2-(aq)
6.
Hydrogen sulfide gas decomposes into its elements and establishes equilibrium at
1400 oC. One liter of this gas mixture contains 0.18 mol of hydrogen sulfide, 0.014
mol of hydrogen gas and 0.035 mol of sulfur. Calculate the equilibrium constant,
Keq, for this reaction. Are products or reactants favored? How do you know?
2 H2S(g)  2 H2(g) + S2(g)
7.
How would the equilibrium position for the equation in problem 6 be affected by
each of the following stresses? Explain your answers.
a.
an addition of hydrogen to the reaction vessel?
b.
a decrease in pressure?
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U13 cp ws 3 2014