Spencer® Multistage
Fabricated Centrifugal
Blowers – SOH,
4BOH & 4BOB
Serial No:
Model No:
Operating and
Maintenance Manual
4BOB Four-Bearing Outboard
4BOH Four-Bearing Overhung
SOH Standard Overhung
Important
Read and become familiar with this manual prior to installing your Spencer blower. Following the instructions detailed
here will help you realize its full potential of efficient service and extended lifespan. Damage resulting from failure to follow
correct procedure will void the warranty.
The Spencer Turbine Company
Windsor, Connecticut 06095
Form AA16
Contents
I
Page
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
II
Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
III Safety Precautions & Operating Guidelines . . . . . . .3
IV Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Lifting and Moving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Unpacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
V
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Blower Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1. Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2. Flexible Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
3. Butterfly Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4. Filters, Silencers and Filter Silencers . . . . . . . . . .5
5. Check Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
6. Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
7. Coupling Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
8. Shaft Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
9. Motor Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
VI Operation and Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Startup Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Blower Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Surge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Normal Operating Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Periodic Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Parallel Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
VII Lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Motor Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Blower Bearings, 4BOH & 4BOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Flexible Couplings, 4BOH & 4BOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
VIII Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Replacement Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Equipment Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Material Safety Data Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Emergency Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Service and Operating Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
SOH Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . . .10
SOH Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . . .11
4BOH Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . .12
4BOH Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . .13
4BOB Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . . .14
4BOB Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . .15
IX Troubleshooting Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Insufficient Air or Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Excessive Machine Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Machine Vibrating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Motor Hot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
I. Introduction
Welcome as a Spencer customer and owner of a new centrifugal
blower. Your blower incorporates exclusive Spencer engineering
technology, based on more than a century of leadership in blower
design and manufacture.
This manual contains the information you need for handling,
installing, operating and maintaining your new equipment correctly,
to ensure trouble-free operation and long service life. Please
read it thoroughly. Illustrations and instructions contained here
apply to three series of blowers; Standard Overhung (SOH),
Four Bearing Overhung (4BOH) and Four Bearing Outboard
(4BOB). If you need assistance in determining which model you
have, please consult your Spencer Representative.
Your Spencer Representative will also answer any questions you
may have about the procedures or recommendations presented
in this manual. The Spencer Service and Engineering Departments
can provide assistance as well.
Be sure the machine model number and serial number are correctly recorded in the boxes on the front cover of this manual.
These numbers may be found on the nameplate (see samples
below) located on the machine housing.
Having this information easily accessible will expedite parts
orders and other communication with the factory. To serve your
maintenance and repair needs promptly, Spencer maintains a
large inventory of parts for all blower models.
Centrifugal Blower
Read instructions before handling and starting equipment
Serial No.
Model No.
Manufactured under the following Registered Trademarks:
62,801; 140,976; 652,701; 1,616,417; 134,026; 341,418;
1,348,270; 959,254; 7,218,205; 7,218,284
Use Original Factory Parts & Service
The Spencer Turbine Company, Windsor, CT 06095
800-232-4321 860-688-8361
www.spencerturbine.com
Made in U.S.A.
Plate No. PLN90054
Gas Booster
Read instructions before handling and starting equipment
Serial No.
Model No.
Manufactured under the following Registered Trademarks:
62,801; 140,976; 652,701; 134,026; 341,418; 1,348,270;
959,254; 595,313; 7,218,205; 7,218,285
2
Use Original Factory Parts & Service
The Spencer Turbine Company, Windsor, CT 06095
800-232-4321 860-688-8361
www.spencerturbine.com
Made in U.S.A.
Plate No. PLN90051
Ill. Safety Precautions
and Operating
Guidelines
• Read and follow all instructions in this manual. If you have
any questions, consult your Spencer Representative.
• Use appropriately rated lifting equipment for installation,
removal or disassembly of heavy components.
Product Description
Standard Overhung Design
These Spencer blowers are multistage centrifugal units which
handle air and other gases, working either as blowers or
exhausters. They increase the pressure of the incoming air or
gas by guiding it from one stage to the next through diffusers.
They are centrifugal because the flow through the blower is
turned perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
The most prevalent Spencer blower configuration is the standard overhung type which has all the impellers mounted directly
on an extended motor shaft.
The four-bearing overhung blower uses a standard shaft motor
and an overhung impeller design. The rotating blower assembly
is supported by a rigid ball bearing bracket and shaft, which is
connected to the motor via a flexible coupling.
In four-bearing outboard blowers, the impellers are mounted on
a shaft supported between two outboard bearings and driven by
a standard shaft motor through a flexible coupling.
II. Limited Warranty
We warrant that this product will be free from defects in material
and workmanship for a period of 18 months from date of shipment or 12 months from date of startup, whichever comes first.
Within the warranty period, we shall repair or replace, F.O.B.
our Factory, such products that are determined by us to be
defective.
This warranty will not apply to any product which has been subjected to misuse, negligence or accident, or misapplied or
improperly installed. This warranty will not apply to any product
which has been disassembled, repaired or otherwise altered by
any persons not authorized by the Spencer Service Department.
The guarantees of the motor, control and component manufacturers govern the extent of our guarantee on such equipment.
Warranty work on motors, controls and components must be
authorized by Spencer and must be performed in an authorized
shop as designated by the motor, control and component manufacturers. The Spencer Turbine Company reserves the right to
invoice all expenses incurred when repairs are made in the field
at the specific request of a customer. For complete warranty
information, refer to Form 706, “Spencer's Terms and Conditions
of Sales.”
• Remove inlet and discharge covers, silica gel bags and crating materials prior to blower installation.
• Inspect all openings for tools and foreign matter before connecting accessories or piping.
• Perform all installing and operating procedures with care,
following sound practices to avoid accidents and damage.
• Avoid climbing on or over the blower; use proper staging and
ladders for exterior machine access.
• Be sure isolation pads are placed beneath the blower. See
page 4.
• Install flexible connectors on inlet and discharge flanges to
isolate piping loads from the blower.
• Ensure that piping, machine guards and accessories such as
filters or valves are properly installed and fastened.
• Install a filter on the inlet when the blower is used in pressure
service and keep it clean.
• Allow only qualified electricians to work on electrical equipment.
• Lock electrical circuits open and tag them during servicing of
equipment.
• Align the coupling as instructed on page 5 (4BOH and 4BOB
blowers only). Then remove alignment tools and replace
coupling guard before restarting blower.
• Turn the blower shaft by hand to verify free rotation without
rubbing or noise.
• Check motor rotation as instructed on page 7.
• Do not operate the blower where there is an ambient temperature above 104°F (40°C), unless it has been designed for
such conditions.
• Operate blower with sufficient restriction at all times (via connected piping system or throttled butterfly valve) to avoid
motor overloading.
• Do not allow blower operation in surge (unstable low flow) or
damage may result.
• Rotate shaft of stored or inactive blowers a few times by
hand every week.
• Use only genuine Spencer parts for repairs and service.
3
IV. Handling and
Storage
Each Spencer blower is carefully balanced and tested at the
factory. For optimum performance, it must be handled with care
during unloading and installation.
Check the shipment for damage upon arrival; file any claims
with the shipper and notify Spencer.
Lifting and Moving
Moving of this equipment is the customerʼs responsibility and
should be performed or directed by experienced riggers using
accepted rigging practices and safety precautions. The blower/
motor assembly can be lifted and relocated with a forklift, overhead crane or hoist. Always use lifting equipment rated for the
loads involved.
Consideration should be given to the noise generated by this
equipment and its contribution to the ambient noise level.
Optional noise reduction accessories include blower housing
sound attenuation jackets, filter silencers or silencers for the
blower inlet and/or discharge, and silencers for the motor.
NOTE: Duct noise attenuation is a customer responsibility.
Foundation
A level concrete pad is recommended, although any flat level
surface that can support the machine weight is satisfactory. The
blower base should be placed level on the furnished isolation
pads or equivalent. Each pad must be shimmed, if necessary,
to ensure that it is carrying its share of the load. If lag bolts and
nuts are used to restrain the blower, hand-tighten only.
NOTE: Spencer does not recommend grouting of machines.
Inlet
Discharge
CAUTION: Do not lift the blower by its shaft or bearing
housing; use the furnished lifting eyes or slots in the
blower base.
Storage
Check
Valve
If a blower is stored for an extended period before use or
between uses, protect it from dampness, dirt and vibration.
Suspend bags of silica gel desiccant in the inlet and discharge.
Cover the entire blower if possible or at least cover the inlet and
discharge openings to keep out foreign matter. Rotate the blower shaft a few times by hand every week, keeping a log.
Flexible
Connectors
Butterfly
Valve
CAUTION: Failure to comply with the required storage
provisions, including weekly shaft rotations, will void the
warranty.
Unpacking
1. Uncrate the blower, saving all literature, boxes and parts.
2. Remove inlet and discharge protective caps and all packing
materials.
3. Use the packing slip to check off and confirm the presence
of all ordered components.
4. Read any instructional and warning labels on the machine
before installation and operation.
V. Installation
NOTE: If any problems are encountered during installation or
startup, consult your local Spencer Representative.
Location
CAUTION: Do not locate blower or controls where they will
be subject to ambient temperatures above 104°F (40°C)
during operation, unless specially equipped for higher
temperatures.
Spencer blowers may be installed outdoors, preferably under
cover, or indoors. When choosing an indoor location, be sure
there is sufficient ventilation to allow unrestricted airflow to the
blower. In addition, it is advisable to leave several feet of space
around the blower and motor for ease of servicing. Inaccessibility
can prove costly.
4
Blower Setup
1" Isolation Pad
(shim if necessary)
CAUTION: Make sure blower inlet and discharge ports are
unobstructed before connecting piping to blower.
1. Piping
All piping connected to the blower should be of ample size to
minimize frictional loss. All system joints must be airtight; leaky
pipes waste air and power.
All piping must be properly aligned and supported to avoid
stress on the blower and restrained to prevent movement away
from the blower caused by air pressure. Flexible connectors
must be used to connect piping to the blower.
NOTE: The diagram above shows the proper orientation of a
piping elbow in-line with the blower shaft. The butterfly valve
should have its shaft at right angles to the blower shaft and the
valve should open as indicated (counterclockwise in this example). These steps will assure uniform loading of the blowerʼs
first stage.
2. Flexible Connectors
CAUTION: Connected piping must not touch the blower.
Use flexible connectors (expansion joints or rubber sleeves)
on both the inlet and discharge to create an isolating gap
between blower and piping.
3. Butterfly Valve
To regulate (throttle) blower volume and/or pressure, a butterfly
valve may be installed—preferably on the inlet. A valve may
also be installed on the discharge as an isolation valve.
4. Filters, Silencers and Filter Silencers
Spencer blowers will accept a filter or filter silencer, typically on
the inlet, and a silencer, typically on the discharge. Inlet filtration
is recommended for pressure applications.
5. Check Valve
CAUTION: A check valve must be installed in the discharge
line (downstream of any blow-off line) of each blower operating in parallel, or in the inlet line (upstream of any bleed
line) of each vacuum producer operating in parallel to
prevent reverse flow through idle units.
Orient the check valve during installation to equalize loading on
the valve shutters. Usually, the hinge post of the check valve
should be installed perpendicular to the blower shaft. If the
check valve is installed in a horizontal piping line, position the
valve shaft vertically. Make sure the internal moving parts can
move freely.
6. Electrical
NOTE: All wiring and electrical adjustments or installations must
be done by a qualified electrician in accordance with the
National Electrical Code and local codes.
CAUTION: The electrical service at the installation site
must supply the voltage stamped on the motor nameplate.
Operation at an incorrect voltage may damage the motor
and void its warranty.
In making electrical connections, follow the wiring instructions
furnished. Wire and fuses should be of ample capacity to
ensure that proper voltage is maintained at the motor terminals
while starting and running. It is important that proper starting
equipment is used. The starters should have thermal overload
protection as well as true low-voltage protection.
Electrical Accessories. The following optional safety accessories are available from Spencer. For copies of the product
bulletins listed, contact your Spencer Representative or
www.spencerturbine.com.
• Load Control Safety Switch (LCSS)—Bult. No. TDS-223
• Electronic Modulating Bleed Control (EMBC)— Bult. No.
TDS-224
• Bearing Temperature Monitor Control (BTMC)— Bult. No.
TDS-222
• Standard Blower Safety Control Panels (LCSS, BTMC and
VM, Vibration Monitor)—Bult. No. TDS-237 and TDS-236
NOTE: Use of a BTMC, vibration monitor and an LCSS or
EMBC may be advisable in crucial or unattended applications,
anywhere there are wide load fluctuations or where machines
are operating at high pressure or vacuum.
Both the LCSS and EMBC are designed to prevent a blower or
vacuum producer from operating in a low load (surge) condition.
7. Coupling Alignment, 4BOH & 4BOB
The coupling on this machine was carefully aligned at the factory
and the coupling halves and shell(s) marked to indicate optimum relative position. However, transportation may have
caused coupling misalignment.
CAUTION: Check the motor and blower shafts for misalignment and carefully realign them if necessary after installation and before startup, as misalignment can cause
destructive vibration. Coupling alignment should be
rechecked again after an hourʼs operation. Final alignment
should be made at average operating temperature. After
each alignment check, add lubricant per instructions and
replace coupling guard.
WARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICAL
POWER BEFORE PERFORMING ALIGNMENT.
On certain blowers, the coupling is disassembled after factory
alignment and marking. The coupling halves are specially protected against the elements during shipping. Prior to startup,
assemble the coupling, align keyways using factory markings
and lubricate as instructed.
Coupling alignment lines up the motor shaft and blower shaft in
horizontal and vertical planes. It also ensures an adequate
clearance (gap) between the two coupling halves. Only qualified personnel should attempt to align a coupling. If problems
arise, contact Spencer or your Spencer Representative.
Sier Bath Gear-Type Couplings, manufactured to our rigid
specifications, are most commonly supplied with Spencer
equipment.
Sier Bath
Coupling Size, in.
7/8
1-1/2
2
2-1/2
3
3-1/2
4
4-1/2
5
Hub to Hub
Gap, in.
1/8
1/8
1/8
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
Remove one snap ring and slide the sleeve off the hub halves.
Using a feeler gage, verify that the gap between the coupling
halves agrees with this table.
CAUTION: Some motor shafts are spring-loaded axially. Be
careful when using the feeler gage to avoid compressing
the shaft and disturbing the normal at-rest position.
Machinery Soft Foot
Imperfections or unevenness between the machine base and
any foot of the motor or blower creates a condition known as
soft foot, which may be parallel or angular. If uncorrected, soft
foot leads to increased stress and high vibration. Although both
the motor and blower feet were preset at the factory, each foot
must be checked for soft foot prior to alignment. Any vertical or
angular soft foot that exceeds .003” is excessive and must be
corrected.
5
Laser Alignment Technique (Recommended)
Laser systems have significant advantages such as reduced
maintenance costs and energy consumption; prolonged life for
bearings, seals and couplings; decreased bearing temperatures
and lower vibration levels. Many laser systems also identify and
measure soft foot conditions.
NOTE: Consult an alignment specialist if laser equipment is not
available.
Blower Shaft
CAUTION: Complete the following procedures before
attempting coupling alignment with sleeve bearing motors.
Use a flange-type gear coupling for both 1800 and 3600 RPM
motors. Do not use a sleeve-type coupling.
Sleeve bearing motors have a specified end play. End play limits
and the magnetic center (where motor will run) should be
scribed on the shaft by the manufacturer.
Use the following procedure to align a sleeve bearing motor
with a blower.
1. Make sure the motor shaft is level.
2. Position the motor so that when the rotor is pushed toward
the blower as far as it will go, there will 0.030" clearance
between the ends of the motor and blower shafts (or the
alignment faces on the coupling hubs).
Motor Shaft
Reverse Indicator Method (Permissible)
This method may be done electronically following the instrument manufacturerʼs instructions or by means of dial indicators
as follows:
1. Reinstall the coupling sleeve, seal and snap ring.
2. Clamp dial indicators on shafts 180° apart as shown.
3. Place indicator probes on opposite shafts as shown.
4. Rotate both shafts simultaneously in the correct operating
direction, taking readings at 90° intervals.
5. Adjust motor to achieve parallel and angular alignment. If
questions arise, contact the Spencer Service Department.
3. Proceed with coupling alignment using the appropriate
instructions.
Alignment Tips
•
Make sure the blower is level before alignment.
•
Avoid disturbing any factory-installed shims unless they are
to be replaced.
•
•
•
Mark the axial location of the motor before alignment as a
reference point to be sure it does not move.
Do soft foot corrections first; loosen all mounting bolts before
correcting any foot.
During the final vertical adjustment of the motor, work on
one side at a time, loosening the jack bolts first so the motor
does not move laterally as mounting bolts are loosened.
• Use the smallest shim that will slide over the mounting bolts.
Straightedge
Blower Shaft
Feeler Gage
Motor Shaft
• Minimize the number of shims. One thick shim and 2-3 thin
shims are usually satisfactory.
• Remove all traces of dirt or contaminants from shims and
machine parts.
• Use stainless steel shims only.
• Never reuse shims.
Straightedge
Motor
Shaft
Straightedge Method (Permissible)
1. Remove old lubricant and clean the hub teeth.
2. Set a machine shop quality straightedge across the coupling
hubs (at the root diameter of the gear teeth).
3. Adjust the motor so the straightedge is evenly supported
between the coupling hubs at the 3, 6, 9 and 12 oʼclock
positions.
4. Using a feeler gage, measure the clearance between the
coupling hubs at the 3, 6, 9 and 12 oʼclock positions.
5. Adjust the motor so the gap is identical at all four positions
and in accord with the table of hub to hub gaps.
6
Coupling Alignment with Sleeve Bearing Motors
CAUTION: After each alignment check, add coupling lubricant if required.
WARNING: REPLACE THE COUPLING GUARD BEFORE
RESTARTING THE BLOWER.
8. Shaft Seals (SOH, 4BOH, 4BOB
Blowers & Gas Boosters)
VI. Operation and
Adjustments
Startup Precautions
Before operating a new blower for the first time, review its
installation and setup to be sure that no steps have been overlooked.
1. Installation Check List
Carbon Ring
• Is there any damage from transportation or installation?
• Is the machine level?
• Have all packing, shipping materials and tools been removed?
• Is the inlet filter in place?
• Are isolation pads in place?
• Is the piping connected and supported?
• Are flexible connectors in place between blower and piping?
• Are safety guards in place?
2. Adjustment Checks
Mechanical Seal
Shaft seals at both the inlet and discharge ends minimize leakage
of gas into or out of the blower. Single Carbon Ring Seals are
standard on 4BOH and 4BOB blowers over 71/2 psig discharge
pressure. Double Carbon Ring Seals, Single Mechanical or
Double Mechanical Seals may be used on Gas Boosters.
Vellumoid Gasket and Felt or HTC-9850 Gasket is standard for
End Head and Division Head Packing for low pressure / temperature applications. Consult Spencer Form DD or applicable
manufacturerʼs instructions.
• Is the coupling aligned within tolerances and lubricated?
(4BOB & 4BOH blowers only)
3. Operational Checks
• Is the throttling valve closed or properly positioned?
• Do the blower shaft and driver spin freely?
• Is the isolation valve (if any) open?
• Is the system ready for air or gas delivery?
• Has motor rotation been checked?
• Are motor and electrical accessories properly wired?
• Is the control panel energized?
• Have maintenance and operations personnel been notified?
CAUTION: This blower must have adequate system resistance at all times to avoid operation at or near free delivery
(wide open). It is typically imposed by the process and
supplemented with a throttling valve. Running the blower
overloaded will damage the motor.
Blower Startup
9. Motor Rotation
The motor must be wired correctly to rotate the blower in the
right direction. A rotation arrow is located on the blower housing.
“Bump” or jog the start button and observe the direction of rotation
of the motor shaft. This movement must agree with the rotation
arrow. If the rotation is incorrect, the motor wiring must be
changed.
This diagram shows the available discharge positions, viewed
from the intake end, and the direction of blower rotation associated
with each discharge position.
With the system connected and the throttling valve closed, turn
the blower on. Quickly assess the current draw of the motor.
Adjust the system load or throttling valve until the desired flow
is reached, being careful not to operate in surge or to exceed
the full-rated motor capacity. Initially, blowers will temporarily
develop more differential pressure and take more power. Check
final settings after operating temperature is achieved, typically
after one-half hour. If the throttling valve is not fully open when
the motor capacity has been reached, it should be fixed at this
point to prevent further opening and possible overloading of the
motor.
7
Surge
CAUTION: Do not operate blower in surge (unstable low
flow range). Damage to blower caused by operating in
surge is not covered by Spencer warranty.
A blower in surge produces a rush or pulsating rhythmic air
sound caused when airflow into or out of the blower is restricted.
In addition to its characteristic noise, surge may be detected by
power or pressure fluctuations. Surge is destructive because it
is accompanied by excessive temperatures and aerodynamic
forces that will ultimately cause mechanical failure. A surge condition is simply eliminated by increasing the airflow either into the
system or to a bypass or vent. Various surge control devices
are also available from Spencer—see page 5.
NOTE: If a blower surges violently at startup, avoid recurrences
by leaving the throttling valve open at or near its normal operating
position.
Normal Operating Limits
NOTE: Use of a Spencer bearing temperature monitor and
vibration monitor is recommended to alert personnel to blower
operation outside the following limits.
• Vibration should not exceed 1.5 mils @ 3500 rpm, 1.8 mils @
2900 rpm or 3.0 mils @ 1750 rpm at each bearing housing.
All of these speeds have a velocity limit of 0.275 in/sec.
• Follow the motor manufacturerʼs recommendations for maximum motor bearing and winding temperatures.
• Blower bearing temperatures should not exceed the following
values at the bearing housing surface.
Series
Inlet End
°F (°C)
Discharge End
°F (°C)
4BOB
165 (74)
150 (66)
4BOH
150 (66)
150 (66)
If abnormal operation is detected, shut the blower down and
refer to the Troubleshooting Guide in the back of this manual or
contact Spencer.
Periodic Operation
CAUTION: All blowers should be operated periodically.
In multiple blower installations, periodically rotate each blower
from standby to operating status.
Parallel Installation
CAUTION: A check valve must be installed in the discharge
line of each blower or inlet of each vacuum producer operating in parallel to prevent reverse flow through idle units.
CAUTION: Do not operate centrifugal blowers in parallel
with positive displacement blowers. Such operation may
damage the centrifugal blowers and will void the warranty.
When operating two or more blowers in parallel (typically identical
blowers), each must carry its share of the load. The current
readings of all motors should be approximately the same. It
may be necessary to adjust the individual throttling valve stops
to attain similar readings.
8
VII. Lubrication
WARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICAL
POWER BEFORE PERFORMING LUBRICATION.
Motor Bearings
Follow the motor manufacturerʼs recommendations. Some
motors are equipped with sealed bearings not intended for
relubrication; these motors have no grease or drain plugs.
Blower Bearings (4BOH & 4BOB)
4BOH and 4BOB blowers are equipped with deep-groove ball
bearings designed to carry the thrust and radial loads. These
bearings are packed at the factory with sufficient grease for
1500 to 8000 hours of continuous operation prior to relubrication.
Lubrication prior to blower operation is not recommended and
should not be attempted.
If, however, the blower has been stored for three months or longer,
remove the bearing caps and check for moisture or hard grease.
Discard any hard or dry grease and relubricate if necessary.
An average lubrication interval should be established based on
existing conditions. Several factors affect the frequency of
lubrication:
1. Operating temperature of the bearing
2. Indoor or outdoor blower location
3. Clean or dusty conditions
4. Ambient temperature
5. Predicted duty cycle
6. Bearing size and speed
Under actual operating conditions, the ideal lubrication interval
of 8000 hours should be adjusted according to the following
table.
NOTE: The higher limit of each range shown is for small bearings
(#308 and smaller); the lower limit is for large sizes. This table
is only a guide. An extremely dirty atmosphere could decrease
the lubrication interval as much as 50%.
Operating Condition
Lubrication Interval
II
6000—8000 hours
I
Ill
IV
1. 120—150°F bearing temp.
2. Indoor installation
3. Clean atmosphere
4. 40—100°F ambient temp.
5. Continuous operation
Same conditions as I except
intermittent operation
1. 120—155°F bearing temp.
2. Outdoor installation
3. All atmospheres
4. 0—104°F ambient temp.
5. Continuous operation
Same conditions as Ill except
intermittent operation
4000—6000 hours
3000—5000 hours
5000—7000 hours
Lubrication Procedure
CAUTION: Keep the grease clean and maintain cleanliness
to avoid bearing contamination and damage.
NOTE: More bearing failures are caused by overgreasing than
lack of lubricant. Always add grease sparingly.
CAUTION: Use Chevron SRI #2 grease. Intermixing incompatible greases or using any other type may result in bearing
failure which is not covered under the Spencer warranty.
Chevron SRI #2 Grease Specifications
Grade or consistency...............................................................#2
Thickener .......................................................................polyurea
ASTM Dropping Point ........................................................480°F
Work Penetration...................................................................270
Base Oil Viscosity ..........................................600 SUS @ 100°F
Color..........................................................................Blue-Green
To lubricate blower bearings, use the following procedure:
1. Shut down the machine.
2. Remove guards as necessary.
3. Inject the recommended grease using a grease gun. The
proper amount of grease will vary with bearing size.
4. Reinstall guards and restart blower.
Lubrication of replacement bearings (4BOH & 4BOB).
Before installing, “butter” both sides of replacement bearings by
forcing grease into each side until it is flush with the race. For
outboard tandem bearing installation, follow procedures packed
with each new bearing set.
Flexible Couplings, 4BOH & 4BOB
Gear-type couplings must contain lubricant at all times. They
are lubricated at the factory with Texaco Code 1912 coupling
grease and should be relubricated with identical or compatible
grease every six months.
Two coupling lubrication ports are located 180° apart. Remove
the setscrew lube plugs from both ports. Install a grease fitting
in one port and rotate the coupling until the grease fitting is
angled upward 45°. Pump grease in until clean grease flows out
of the opposite port. Remove the grease fitting, wipe off excess
grease, then replace and tighten the lube plugs.
Coupling Half Removal
Gear-type couplings generally require application of heat and
use of a puller to remove.
VIII. Maintenance
WARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICAL
POWER BEFORE PERFORMING MAINTENANCE.
Replacement Parts
Refer to the appropriate blower diagram in this manual for
replacement part names and numbers. When ordering parts,
provide full information about your Spencer equipment. Be sure
when reading nameplates that you obtain the correct information
and record it on the cover of this manual for reference when
ordering parts.
Remember, the more complete your information, the quicker your
order will be processed. Incomplete information will result in
unnecessary delays and expense through callbacks. When in
doubt, consult the Spencer Parts Department for further information.
When ordering parts, furnish the following:
• Serial number and model number.
• Motor horsepower.
• Blower housing diameter.
• Part nomenclature—refer to the applicable diagram and
locate the needed item by its number and name.
• (When ordering impellers and deflectors) Letter designation
for the specific components, obtained from the diagram.
• Form number of this manual—AA15.
Equipment Service
Spencer provides prompt, courteous factory and field service
for all its machines. To determine the nature of the disorder and
the best way to correct it, service personnel will be dispatched
to your location. We typically request a Purchase Order prior to
sending service personnel; however we will proceed on verbal
orders in an emergency.
Once a full evaluation of the equipment has been performed by
our service personnel, you will be advised if the service work is
covered by the Spencer warranty. For out-of-warranty services,
please note that we accept Visa and MasterCard charges as
well as other forms of payment.
NOTE: Spencer products returned to the factory must be sent
freight prepaid and accompanied by a Return Service Order
(RSO) issued by the Spencer Service Department after we
receive your Purchase Order. Service costs will be quoted after
inspection and the work will be performed upon written acceptance of the quotation.
Material Safety Data Sheets
Spencer is committed to ensuring the safety of its employees. If
Spencer equipment has been exposed to potentially hazardous
contaminants or if Spencer service personnel could be exposed
to a potentially hazardous field environment, a Material Safety
Data Sheet (MSDS) is required (a) prior to dispatching Spencer
service personnel or (b) before receipt of any equipment for
factory service. If special precautions are necessary to work on
the equipment, contact the Spencer Service Manager.
Emergency Service
Emergency service calls after normal working hours are routed
through our voice mail system at 1-800-232-4321 and a
Spencer service representative will return your call promptly.
Service and Operating Assistance
Spencer Representatives are always available to help customers achieve maximum equipment performance and reliability.
Likewise, Spencer service personnel will provide onsite instruction
during field service calls in the proper procedures to avoid a
recurrence of the problem encountered.
9
Typical Multistage Standard Overhung Type (SOH)
Discharge
Intake
Notes:
1. Although three impellers and two deflectors are shown in
this typical drawing, the number in your machine may vary
depending on its design criteria.
2. The impellers are equipped with tapered bushing hubs as
illustrated or a split clamped hub.
3. When ordering replacement parts, refer to page 9.
Screened items are recommended spare parts
Item Number
1
2
4
8
9
12
15
19
10
Nomenclature
Motor
Division head packing (see page 7)
Rope packing
Impellers
Interstage packing
End head gasket
Drive end motor bearing
Opposite drive end motor bearing
1
2
2A
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
9A
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Motor and Shaft Assembly
Division Head Packing
Division Head Packing Plate
Division Head (Not available as separate
Item)
* Rope Packing for Deflector
End Head Bolts
End Head
Deflector (A, B, etc.)
Impellers (A, B, etc.)
Interstage Deflector Packing
Center Deflector Plates (normally not
furnished on 30" or smaller machines)
Split Clamped Hub or Tapered Bushing Hub
(Part of Impeller Assembly)
End Head Gasket
Feet
Spacers
Drive End Motor Bearing
Housing
Motor Base
Motor Hold-Down Bolts
Opposite Drive End Motor Bearing
*Felt on Adjustable Discharge Type
Disassembly and Reassembly
Instructions, SOH
WARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICAL
POWER BEFORE PERFORMING MAINTENANCE.
CAUTION: Parts must be reassembled in exactly the same
relative positions. Therefore, it Is recommended that each
part be marked as it is removed from the machine to facilitate later reassembly. It is especially important that the
location of each impeller, as well as its position on the
shaft, be marked.
When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer to
the Notes on accompanying illustration.
Disassembly
1.
Remove End Head Bolts (5) and End Head (6).
3.
Check axial position of each deflector (7) at four radial
points with reference to end of housing and record for reference when reassembling unit.
2.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Mark the motor shaft and impeller (8) hub with an arbitrary
12 oʼclock reference point. Remove the first stage impeller
(8A) and mark it for reference during reassembly.
Remove spacer (14A) holding rope packing (4) in place.
Mark spacer for reference during reassembly.
8.
9.
Proceed in a like manner with remaining impellers, spacers
and deflectors.
Reassemble the end head (6) to the housing using a new
endhead gasket (12).
Balancing
Each machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factory
to be sure vibrations, if any, are well within specifications for this
particular machine. However, rough handling during shipment
or improper disassembly and reassembly of a machine can
upset its balance and/or result in excess vibration.
If there is any vibration due to an unbalanced condition after
assembly, use the following procedure.
After running at operating speed and when at rest, mark position of end impeller hub on shaft. Loosen bolts or screws holding
impeller on shaft. Rotate impeller 90° on shaft. Retighten bolts
or screws. Run machine again at operating speed and check
vibration. Repeat this process until the best position is located
for the impeller on the shaft so that there is no vibration in the
machine.
NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,
contact the Spencer Service Department or your Spencer
Representative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Also furnish
the machine serial number.
Remove rope packing (4) holding deflector in place. Remove
deflector (7A). Mark for reference during reassembly.
Proceed to remove remaining stages in the same way,
marking each component to insure proper reassembly.
Note: Division Head (3) cannot be removed.
Unbolt division head packing plate (2A) and slide packing
plate and packing (2) back on the shaft.
Remove motor mounting bolts and slide motor (1) back.
Reassembly
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Place the division head packing plate (2A) and packing (2)
on the shaft. If for any reason the packing (2) is damaged,
replace it. Install the motor (1) in the housing in its original
position. Be sure that the shaft is centered in the housing.
Assemble the packing (2) and packing plate (2A) to the
division head.
Run the motor (1) to check for vibration. If excessive vibration
is present, check the shaft for runout.
Place the first impeller (8C) on the shaft up against the division
head (3). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8" out and withdraw the impeller to this point. This will insure a clearance
of 1/8" behind the impeller. Tighten the hub securely.
Inspect the interstage packing (9), if applicable, on deflector
(7B) and replace if damaged.
Place deflector (7B) back tightly against the stops in the
casing. Install the rope packing (4) firmly into the groove,
using a suitable tool.
Install the next impeller (8B) on the shaft up against the
deflector (7B). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8" out and
withdraw the impeller to this point. Tighten the hub securely.
Install the spacer (14B) into the housing. Make sure spacer
and deflector (7B) are pressed back tightly and at a uniform distance from the end of the casing at four points.
11
Typical Four-Bearing Overhung Type (4BOH)
Discharge
Intake
Notes:
1. Although three impellers and two deflectors are shown in this
typical drawing, the number in your machine may vary
depending on its design criteria.
2. The impellers are equipped with a split clamped hub as
illustrated, tapered bushing hubs or keyed hubs.
3. When ordering replacement parts, refer to page 9.
Screened items are recommended spare parts
Item Number
1
5
5A
6
10
14
16
18
21
23
12
Nomenclature
Flexible coupling
Coupling end bearing
Blower end bearing
Division head packing (see page 7)
Impellers
Interstage deflector packing
End head gasket
Rope packing
Drive end motor bearing
Opposite drive end motor bearing
1
Flexible Coupling
2
Coupling Guard
3
Bearing Bracket Lubrication Fitting
* Division Head
4
5
Coupling End Bearing
5A
Blower End Bearing
6
Division Head Packing
6A
Division Head Packing Plate
7
Bearing Bracket
8
End Head Bolts
9
Deflectors (A, B, etc.)
10
Impellers (A, B, C, etc.)
11
End Head Assembly
12
Impeller Bolts (or Screws)
13
Shaft
14
Interstage Deflector Packing
14A Center Deflector Plates (Normally not
furnished on 30" or smaller machines)
15
Spacers
16
End Head Gasket
17
Feet
18
Rope Packing for Deflector
19
Housing
20
Base for Bearing and Motor
21
Drive End Motor Bearing
22
Motor
23
Opposite Drive End Motor Bearing
*Not available as a separate item
Disassembly and Reassembly
Instructions, 4BOH
WARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICAL
POWER BEFORE PERFORMING MAINTENANCE.
CAUTION: Parts must be reassembled in exactly the same
relative position. Therefore, it is recommended that each part
be tagged as it is removed from the machine to facilitate later
reassembly. it is especially important that the location of
each impeller, as well as its position on the shaft, be marked.
When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer to
notes on accompanying illustrations.
Disassembly
1.
Remove End Head Bolts (8) and End Head (11).
3.
Check axial position of each deflector (9) at four radial points
with reference to end of housing and record for reference
when reassembling unit.
2.
4.
5.
6.
On other than keyed construction, mark the shaft (13) and
impeller (10) hub with an arbitrary 12 oʼclock reference point.
Remove the first stage impeller (10A) and mark it for reference during reassembly. On keyed construction, remove
snap ring. Remove impeller (10A) and its hub spacer and any
shims, marking them for replacement in their proper position.
Remove spacer (15) holding rope packing (18) in place.
Mark spacer for reference during reassembly.
Remove rope packing (18) holding deflector in place.
Remove deflector (9). Mark for reference during reassembly.
Proceed to remove remaining stages in the same way,
marking each component to insure proper reassembly.
Note: Division Head (4) cannot be removed.
7.
8.
9.
Rotate the blower shaft (13) so that the keyway is in the 12
oʼclock position. Mark the motor shaft and coupling hub to
show the corresponding 12 oʼclock position. Remove snap
ring on blower side of coupling (1) and slide coupling sleeve
back.
Remove motor mounting bolts and slide motor (23) back.
Identify and secure individual motor shim packs under each
motor foot for reassembly.
Unbolt division head packing plate (6A) and slide packing
plate and packing (6) back on the shaft.
10. Mark the blower end and coupling ends of the bracket (7) for
reference. Remove bearing bracket hold-down bolts and
slide bracket/shaft assembly out of the housing.
11. Using heat and a puller, remove the coupling hub from the
shaft.
12. Unbolt the bearing caps and remove. These caps are NOT
identical so label the coupling end and blower end caps
clearly. Remove the bearings (5 & 5A) from the shaft.
Remove the shaft from the bracket.
Reassembly
1.
2.
3.
Assemble the shaft (13) in the bracket with new bearings (5
& 5A) and grease. Assemble the caps, being careful to place
the correct cap on each end.
Using heat, assemble the coupling hub on the shaft (13).
Place the division head packing plate (6A) and packing (6)
on the shaft. If for any reason the packing (6) is damaged,
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
replace it. Install the bracket/shaft assembly into the housing
in its original position. Be sure that the shaft is centered in
the housing. Assemble the packing (6) and packing plate
(6A) to the division head.
Move the motor (23) back into its original position. Insure an
adequate gap between the coupling hubs. Align the motor
(23) to the blower shaft (13) following the instructions on
page 5 of this manual.
Rotate the blower shaft to the 12 oʼclock position and align
the corresponding mark on the motor coupling hub. Recouple
the motor (23) to the shaft (13) and run the assembly to
check for vibration. If excessive vibration is present, check
the shaft (13) for runout.
On keyed construction, the impellers (10), spacers and
shims are reassembled in precise reverse order of their disassembly. Verify clearance at each stage. On other than
keyed construction, place the first impeller (10C) on the shaft
up against the division head (4). Mark the shaft (13) approximately 1/8” behind the impeller and withdraw the impeller to
this point. This will insure a clearance of 1/8” behind the
impeller. Tighten the hub securely.
Inspect the interstage packing (14A), if applicable, on
deflector (9B) and replace if damaged.
Place deflector (9B) back tightly against the stops in the
casing. Install the rope packing (18) firmly into the groove,
using a suitable tool.
Install the next impeller (10B) on the shaft up against the
deflector (9B). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8” out and
withdraw the impeller to this point. Tighten the hub securely.
10. Install the spacer (15) into the housing. Make sure spacer
and deflector (9B) are pressed back tightly and at a uniform
distance from the end of the housing at four points.
11. Proceed in a like manner with remaining impellers, spacers
and deflectors.
12. Reassemble the end head (11) to the housing using a new
end head gasket (16).
Balancing
Each machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factory
to be sure vibrations, if any, are well within specifications for that
particular machine. However, rough handling during shipment or
improper disassembly and reassembly of a machine can upset its
balance and/or result in excess vibration.
If there is any excessive vibration due to an unbalanced condition
after assembly, use the following procedure:
1.
2.
Check coupling for misalignment. If realignment does not
correct the vibration, change the relative position of machine
shaft and motor shaft in increments of 90° until the smoothest
position is found.
If vibration persists, shut the blower down. Mark the position
of end impeller hub on the shaft. Loosen bolts or screws
securing the impeller. Rotate impeller 90° on shaft. Retighten
impeller. Run machine again at operating speed, and check
for vibration. Repeat this process until the best position is
located for impeller on shaft so that there is no vibration in
the machine.
NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,
contact the Spencer Service Department or your Spencer
Representative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Also furnish
the machine serial number.
13
Typical Four-Bearing Outboard Type (4BOB)
Intake
Discharge
Notes:
1. Although eight impellers and seven deflectors are shown in
this typical drawing, the number in your machine may vary
depending on its design criteria.
1
Motor
2
Drive End Motor Bearing
3
Flexible Coupling
4
Coupling Guard
6
Inboard Bearing Lubrication Fitting
7
* Division Head
8
Inboard Bearing Cap Front
8A
Inboard Bearing Cap Rear
9
Heat Fan Guard
10
Rope Packing for Deflectors
11
Deflectors (A, B, C, etc.)
12
End Head Bolts
13
Intake Spiral
13A Grease Drain
14
End Head Assembly
15
Outboard Bearing Nut and Washer
16
Outboard Bearing Lubrication
Fitting
17
17A
18
18A
19
19A
20
20A
21
22
23
24
24A
24B
25
Screened items are recommended spare parts
Item Number
2
3
10
18
18A
20
22
25
29
32
34
37
14
2. The impellers are equipped with keyed hubs as illustrated
or split clamped hubs shown below.
3. When ordering replacement parts, refer to page 9.
Outboard Bearing Cap
Outboard Bearing Housing
Thrust Washer (where applicable)
Outboard Bearing(s)
Outboard Bearing Bracket
Housing Locking Bolt and Nut
End Head Packing (where
applicable)
End Head Packing Plate
Bracket Bolts
End Head Gasket
Housing
Shaft and Keys
Impeller Assembly Lock Nuts (2)
and Washer (1)
Shaft Sleeves (Two; one keyed)
Interstage Deflector Packing
Nomenclature
Drive end motor bearing
Flexible coupling
Rope packing
Thrust washer
Outboard bearing(s)
End head packing (see page 7)
End head gasket
Interstage deflector packing
Impellers
Division head packing (see page 7)
Inboard bearing
Opposite drive end motor bearing
Metallic packing (if equipped with packing box, see page 7)
Carbon Ring (if equipped with Carbon Ring Seals, see page 7)
25A
26
27
28
29
31
32
32A
33
34
35
36
37
Center Deflector Plates
Half Deflector
Spacers
Feet
Impellers (A, B, C, etc.)
Heat Fan
Division Head Packing
Division Head Packing Plate
Inboard Bearing Bracket
Inboard Bearing
Inboard Shaft Locking Nut and
Washer
Common Base
Opposite Drive End Motor
Bearing
*Not available as a separate item
Alternate internal construction of a four bearing
outboard blower with split clamped hubs.
Disassembly and Reassembly
Instructions, 4BOB
WARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICAL
POWER BEFORE PERFORMING MAINTENANCE.
CAUTION: Parts must be reassembled in exactly the same
relative positions. Therefore, it is recommended that each
part be marked as it is removed from the machine to facilitate later reassembly. it is especially important that the
location of each impeller, as well as its position on the
shaft, be marked.
When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer to
Notes on accompanying illustrations.
CAUTION: Most four-bearing outboard machines have a
duplex (tandem) bearing assembly. These bearings are available only from Spencer as a custom-matched set of two: one
bearing for thrust and one bearing for radial load. These
bearings are not interchangeable with commercially available
bearings carrying the same part number; they can only be
used In matched sets as furnished by The Spencer Turbine
Company. For best results, follow instructions enclosed with
each matched set of bearings.
Disassembly & Reassembly
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Remove packing plate nuts from packing plate (32 and 20)
on each end of machine. Slide both packing plates and
packing (32 and 20) on shaft away from heads. Remove all
packing from packing box when applicable (38 & 39).
Remove snap ring and back off coupling sleeve. Check gap
between coupling hubs. See coupling manufacturerʼs
instructions for other than Sier Bath.
Measure distance “B” from outboard bearing bracket (19) to
outboard bearing cap (17). Remove bolts in thrust assembly
housing cap.
Remove lock nut (15) and washer from end of shaft, and
loosen bolt (19A) binding housing in bracket.
Remove bracket bolts (21). Using puller, remove complete
thrust assembly and bearings.
Remove bolts on end head, holding flat ring and end head to
housing. (Use a chain hoist if available to hold head while
removing bolts). After removal of end head, keep shaft
supported while removing internal parts.
Remove intake spiral (13) after marking position to insure
correct reassembly. See note (A).
Remove rope packing (10) and half deflector (26).
On other than keyed construction, measure distance from
impeller hub to any step or shoulder on shaft and mark for
reassembly. On stacked and keyed construction, remove
nuts and washers (24A) and shaft sleeves (24B). Remove
impeller (29) and its hub spacer, number or mark them for
replacement in their proper position. See note (B) following
paragraphs.
10. Check axial position of each deflector at 4 radial points with
reference to end of housing and record.
11. Remove spacer (27) holding rope packing in place. Number
or mark for replacement.
12. Remove rope packing holding deflector in place. Then pull
or work deflector (11) out of housing. Number or mark for
replacement.
13. Proceed to remove the remaining stages in the same way,
numbering or marking all impellers, spacers, deflectors, etc.,
to insure proper replacement.
14. Check deflector stops for damage.
15. Reassemble in reverse order, replacing end head gasket
(22) and any worn packing (32, 10, 25, 20).
To Change the Inboard Bearing (Motor End of the Machine)
1.
Remove snap ring and back off coupling sleeve.
3.
Loosen and remove motor bolts, and slide motor back.
2.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Check gap on coupling hubs.
Remove coupling hub from machine shaft.
Remove packing plate nuts from packing plate (32 and 20)
on each end of machine. Slide both the packing plates and
packing (32 and 20) on the shaft away from the heads.
Remove all packing from packing box where applicable.
Remove bolts on both caps (8 and 8A) on three-arm bearing
bracket (33).
Slide front cap off shaft, and push back cap away from bracket.
Remove bolts holding inboard bracket in position while
supporting end of shaft.
Slide inboard bracket off bearing.
10. Remove locknut, washers, and bearing.
11. Replace bearing and parts in their proper order.
Realign coupling and check the hub before and after bolting
motor in place (Refer to page 5).
Notes:
(A) Upon reassembly, with all internal parts installed, the intake
spiral edge should project slightly beyond end of housing so that
end head will hold all stationary parts in position.
(B) On stacked and keyed impeller construction, the first nut
installed is tightened with a spanner wrench, then loosened one
full turn to allow for impeller hub expansion. The second nut is
brought up to the first nut with the lockwasher in between. Lock
nut in position with washer tabs.
Balancing
Each machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factory
to be sure vibration, if any, is within specifications for the particular machine. However, rough handling during shipment or
improper disassembly and reassembly of a machine can upset
its balance and result in excess vibrations.
When a machine is being disassembled for repairs, mark the
parts as they are removed. There should be no vibration when
they are reassembled in the same order.
However, if impellers are being replaced or there is any vibration
due to an unbalanced condition after assembly, use the following
procedure:
If there is any vibration or unbalance, the coupling should be
checked first for misalignment. If realignment does not correct the
imbalance, rotate coupling hubs or machine shaft and motor
shaft in 90° increments until minimal vibration is obtained.
NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,
contact the Spencer Service Department or your Spencer
Representative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Also
furnish the machine serial number.
15
IX. Troubleshooting Guide
PROBLEM
INSUFFICIENT
AIR OR GAS
THROUGH
SYSTEM
Possible Cause
Corrective Action
• Incorrect rotation.
Change motor leads to correct rotation.
• Machine reassembled incorrectly in field.
Disassemble machine and reassemble correctly.
• Inlet, discharge or piping system
partially blocked.
Remove obstructions, clean filter.
• Low inlet pressure.
Check inlet for obstructions or install machine with higher
discharge pressure.
Indication: low pressure/vacuum as determined by gauge measurement or process
• Air or gas lines too small, causing
excessive friction loss.
• Valves in line not fully open or check
valve improperly installed.
• High inlet temperature.
• Machine not running at design speed.
• Low gas density or specific gravity.
• Machine air passages clogged.
• Impellers damaged by explosion,
abrasion or vibration.
• Inlet spiral has rotated, partially blocking
inlet (4BOB only).
• Pressure or vacuum gauge inaccurate.
Increase line sizes or install machine with higher output
pressure.
Open valves or inspect check valve.
Position inlet in a cooler area.
Refer to motor manufacturerʼs instructions; check motor
speed; check voltage connections.
Check gas analysis and increase density or install
machine designed for prevailing conditions.
Disassemble, clean and inspect all parts.
Replace impellers.
Rotate spiral to correct position and pin or clamp in
position.
Calibrate gauge; always use a “U” tube manometer for
checking pressure and/or vacuum.
Indication: machine design capacity too small for the system
• System requirements incorrectly calculated
by customer.
• System leaks or too many openings.
Indication: measuring gas or airflow incorrectly
• Flowmeters calibrated incorrectly.
EXCESSIVE
MACHINE
NOISE
• No means of measurement available.
Locate and repair leaks; reduce number of openings.
Calibrate flowmeters; use proper orifice for meter (check
with flowmeter manufacturer).
Obtain and install flowmeter.
Indication: machine malfunction – bearing whining or growling
• Too much grease, bearings hot.
Remove excess grease. Check bearing temperature;
refer to lubrication instructions in this manual.
• Bearing failure.
Replace bearing(s).
• Too little grease, bearings dry.
Grease according to instructions.
• Bearing retainers worn.
Replace bearing(s).
• Bearing turning in housing, housing worn.
Replace housing and bearing.
• Bearing turning on shaft, retaining nut loose.
• Bearing replaced incorrectly, particularly in
tandem assembly (e.g., angled, cramped
or reversed).
• Bearing(s) overloaded—too much thrust
due to high density air or gas.
16
Install larger volume or lower pressure machine to handle
system requirements.
Tighten nut, check for damage.
Follow installation instructions carefully; check bearing,
shaft and housing dimensions.
Replace bearing(s); reduce thrust by lowering air or gas
density; install smaller impellers or install machine
designed for application conditions.
IX. Troubleshooting Guide (cont.)
PROBLEM
EXCESSIVE
MACHINE
NOISE
Possible Cause
Corrective Action
• Impellers and/or deflectors worn due to age
Correct abrasive conditions if present; replace impellers
or abrasion from dirty air or gas.and/or deflectors.
Indication: machine malfunction – internal noise
• Impeller(s) hitting after customer reassembly
and/or impeller(s) slipping shaft due to heat
or excessive inlet pressure.
Reassemble according to instructions, tighten impellers.
Bleed air at low flow to reduce heat. Change inlet
conditions if necessary.
• Keyed hubs rattling on startup.
Normal condition (loose when cold, tight at operating
temperature).
• Machine in surge (see page 8).
• Machine running rough, out of balance.
Rebalance and/or clean machine (see next topic
Machine Vibrating).
• Deflector packings rubbing on shaft or
impeller hub (will seat themselves if new).
Ignore if audible only when machine is turned by hand. If
otherwise audible, replace packings.
• Coupling misaligned and/or out of grease
(4BOH & 4BOB).
Check alignment; check coupling for wear and replace if
necessary; relubricate according to instructions.
• Motor not aligned in housing (SOH)
causing impeller to hit.
• Foreign material in machine.
Indication: motor malfunction
Reassemble and carefully align shaft and motor.
Disassemble machine, inspect and clean. Reassemble
and consider installing filter to prevent clogging.
• Abnormal hum or whine.
Check motor manufacturerʼs instructions; check voltage
supply and connections.
• High voltage (causes noise and burnout).
Correct improper voltage.
• Low voltage, motor not up to speed.
Correct improper voltage.
• Bearing noise.
See previous instructions for blower bearings.
• Low frequency.
Correct improper frequency.
• Loose part in motor.
MACHINE
VIBRATING
Increase airflow.
Indication: mechanical fault
Tighten, repair or replace (check motor manufacturer).
• Material buildup on impellers.
Clean impellers, install inlet filter to prevent further buildup.
• Bearing failure.
Replace bearing(s).
• Shaft bent.
Consult Spencer Service Department.
• Unbalanced replacement motor installed.
Balance motor.
• Motor not aligned in housing (SOH & 4BOH),
impeller rubbing.
Align motor, realign shaft.
• Inlet and/or discharge piping connected
to machine without flexible connector,
causing torque or stress on housing.
Install flexible connectors at inlet and discharge.
• Impeller failure.
• Coupling misaligned (4BOH & 4BOB).
Replace impeller(s).
Align coupling.
• Machine bolted down, causing
misalignment.
Remove bolts, use dowel pins or set in guide channels.
• Piping not adequately supported.
Anchor piping properly beyond flexible connector.
• Bearing(s) cramped due to improper fit.
• Incorrect motor voltage, causing assembly
to operate at improper speed.
Check bearings, shaft and housing, correct bearing fit.
Check voltage and wiring connections, correct voltage.
17
IX. Troubleshooting Guide (cont.)
PROBLEM
MACHINE
VIBRATING
Possible Cause
Corrective Action
• Carbon Ring Housing Assembly too loose,
misaligned, carbon ring cracked/broken.
Realign or replace carbon rings.
• Solids or liquids passing through machine.
Disassemble, inspect and clean machine; install inlet
filter to prevent further contamination.
Indication: mechanical fault (cont.)
• Mechanical seals misaligned, broken or
worn out.
• Soft foot on motor or blower.
• Machine in surge (see page 8).
• Stacked impeller hub nuts too tight.
• Belts on belt drive machine loose, slapping.
• Harmonic pulsation from gasoline
engine driver.
MOTOR HOT
• Machine not on solid foundation.
See page 5.
Increase airflow.
Loosen hub nuts 1/2 turn.
Tighten belts to proper tension.
Change engine speed to remove pulsation.
Reinforce foundation.
(Check with surface thermometer; consult Spencer Service Department for assistance)
• Ambient temperature too high for insulation class.
Cool motor or replace with motor having proper insulation.
• Incorrect cycle.
Change to correct cycle.
• Incorrect voltage.
• Electrical short-circuit insulation failure.
• Motor overloaded, too much air
passing through blower.
• Unbalanced voltage supply (gas boosters
only).
18
Realign or replace seals or parts.
Change to correct voltage.
Repair or replace motor.
Check for system leaks, throttle back butterfly valve,
install larger motor.
Check power company for correction.
Customer Maintenance Log
DATE
PROCEDURE
COMMENTS
INITIALS
19
Spencer Corporate Headquarters and Manufacturing Plant, Windsor, CT USA
®
Industrially rated products offering
effective solutions for air and gas
handling problems
Products & Services
• Multistage centrifugal blowers
• Single-stage centrifugal blowers
• High-speed turbo blowers
• Hermetic gas boosters
• Regenerative blowers
• Modular central vacuum systems
• Mobile or stationary integrated vacuum
systems
• Separators and dust collectors
• Custom-engineered products with special
materials for extreme temperatures and
pressures
Complementary accessories with
single source convenience and
compatibility
• Standard and custom electrical control
panels – UL, CUL Listed and CE
compliance available
• Dissolved oxygen control systems
• Comprehensive selection of tubing, fittings,
vacuum hoses, valves and tools
• Valves, gauges, couplings, shrink sleeves,
vibration isolators and other system
components
Comprehensive engineering and
other customer support services
• The industryʼs largest complement of
technical specialists in air and gas
handling technology
• Worldwide parts and service organization
• Application research and testing facility
Global organization of sales
representatives and distributors
offering
• Product selection, installation and operation
assistance
• Comprehensive system design services
• Follow-up services and troubleshooting
For the name and telephone number of your local Spencer Representative,
call 800-232-4321 or email [email protected].
The
Blowers & Vacuum Systems with an Engineering Edge
Turbine Company, 600 Day Hill Road, Windsor, CT 06095 USA
TEL 800.232.4321 ◆ 860.688.8361 ◆ FAX 860.688.0098 ◆ www.spencerturbine.com
Form AA16
Copyright ©2014 The Spencer Turbine Company
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