N.serve Environmental Services GmbH
JI Monitoring Report No. 01
“YARA Siilinjärvi N2O abatement project in Finland”
Track 1
ITL Project ID: FI1000180
Monitoring/Verification Period
From:
26.06.2009
To:
31.05.2010
Date of Report: 11.06.2010
Prepared by:
Update:
28.09.2010
Version:
03
Volker Schmidt, Martin Stilkenbäumer,
N.serve Environmental Services GmbH
N.serve Environmental Services GmbH
Directors
Dr. Marten von Velsen-Zerweck
Albrecht von Ruffer
Grosse Theaterstr. 14
www.nserve.net
[email protected]
[email protected]
20354 Hamburg, Germany
Hypovereinsbank AG
BLZ
200 300 00
Kto-Nr. 147 317 56
+49 – 40 – 309 9786 14
Company registered at
Amtsgericht Hamburg,
Germany (HRB 90101)
VAT ID: DE 74 839 02799
Contents
Page
1.
INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................... 3
2.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ACTIVITY ...................................................... 3
2.1.
PROJECT PARTICIPANTS ......................................................................................................................... 4
3.
SECONDARY CATALYST TECHNOLOGY EMPLOYED BY PROJECT ACTIVITY .......... 4
4.
PROJECT BOUNDARY OF THE PROJECT ACTIVITY............................................................ 5
5.
APPLIED BASELINE AND MONITORING METHODOLOGY ................................................ 5
5.1.
5.2.
5.3.
5.3.1.
5.3.2.
5.3.3.
5.3.4.
5.3.5.
5.4.
6.
DETERMINATION OF BASELINE EMISSIONS (BENCHMARK EMISSIONS ELIGIBLE FOR ERU ISSUANCE)..... 5
LEAKAGE ............................................................................................................................................... 6
PROJECT EMISSIONS ............................................................................................................................... 6
DETERMINATION OF VERIFICATION PERIOD SPECIFIC PROJECT EMISSIONS................................................ 6
MEASURING OF N2O DATA FOR THE CALCULATION OF PROJECT EMISSIONS ............................................... 7
MEASUREMENT DURING PLANT OPERATION .............................................................................................. 7
APPLICATION OF INSTRUMENT CORRECTION FACTORS / ELIMINATION OF IMPLAUSIBLE VALUES .................. 8
CALCULATION OF EFN ............................................................................................................................. 8
PROJECT EMISSIONS AND ALLOCATION OF ERUS .................................................................................. 9
MONITORING PLAN ....................................................................................................................... 9
6.1.
6.2.
6.3.
6.4.
7.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................... 9
DATA ACQUISITION .............................................................................................................................. 10
DATA EVALUATION .............................................................................................................................. 10
APPLICATION OF EN14181 PROCEDURES ............................................................................................. 11
GHG CALCULATIONS .................................................................................................................. 12
7.1.
7.2.
ANALYSIS AND HANDLING OF MONITORING DATA FOR CALCULATION OF PROJECT EMISSIONS ............ 12
CALCULATION OF PROJECT EMISSIONS AND RELATED EMISSION REDUCTIONS ................................... 13
ANNEX 1: MONITORING DATA AND PARAMETERS RELEVANT FOR CALCULATION OF
PROJECT EMISSIONS AND DETERMINATION OF RELATED EMISSION REDUCTIONS
............................................................................................................................................................. 15
ANNEX 2: DETAILS ON EVENTS RELEVANT FOR THE MONITORING............................................ 19
ANNEX 3: MONITORING EQUIPMENT LIST ............................................................................................ 21
ANNEX 4: CALIBRATION INFORMATION FOR PROJECT RELEVANT MONITORING
EQUIPMENT YARA SIILINJÄRVI .............................................................................................. 22
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1. Introduction
YARA Suomi Kemphos Oy (Helsinki), YARA International ASA, Oslo (Norway), and
N.serve Environmental Services GmbH have implemented a GHG emission
reduction project at YARA’s nitric acid plant at Siilinjärvi (near Kuopio), Finland. The
GHG emission reductions are achieved by catalytic destruction of N2O.
The objective of this monitoring report is to present the calculation of GHG emission
reductions achieved by this project activity for the regarded monitoring period in a
transparent manner and to claim issuance of the respective amount certified
emission reductions (CERs). Although general aspects of the project and the
monitoring of actual N2O emissions are referred to it is emphasized that it is not the
purpose of this monitoring report reproducing the PDD. For more details on specific
information please refer to respective PDD.
This monitoring report covers the achieved emission reductions of the project activity
from 26/06/2009 to 31/05/2010, referred to as the 1st verification period. The starting
date of this verification period is the same as the start of the last production
campaign, which is still ongoing.
Starting date of the project activity:
Registration date at UNFCCC:
ITL Registration No. at UNFCCC:
Crediting period is:
Sectoral scope:
Host Party for the Project activity:
City/ Town:
June 26th 2009
FI1000180
10 years
5: “Chemical Industry”
Finland
Siilinjärvi, Finland
2. General description of the project activity
The sole purpose of the proposed project activity is to significantly reduce current
levels of N2O emissions from the production of nitric acid at YARA’s nitric acid plant
at Siilinjärvi (near Kuopio), Finland.
The nitric acid plant was designed by Uhde. Commercial nitric acid production started
in1973. It is a 3.8 bar mono pressure plant with an annual design production output
of 149,500 metric tonnes of HNO3 (100% conc.)1.
Previous to implementation of the N2O abatement project the plant emitted an
average of 7.69 kgN2O/tHNO3 respective 356,393 tCO2e annually2. Until the end of
December 2012, this is considered the business as usual scenario.
The project activity involves the installation of secondary N2O abatement catalyst
technology inside the ammonia oxidation reactor, underneath the precious metal
1
All nitric acid amounts are provided in metric tonnes of 100% concentrated HNO3, unless otherwise indicated.
2
Based on the design capacity of 149,500t per year.
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gauzes. The expected average abatement performance is around 85% of current
N2O emissions.
For the purpose of monitoring the actual N2O emissions after installation of the
abatement technology, YARA Siilinjärvi has installed and operates an Automated
Monitoring System according to EU standards (EN14181).
2.1.
Project participants
Name of Party involved
(*)
((host) indicates a host
Party)
Private and/or public
entity(ies)
project participants (*)
(as applicable)
Kindly indicate if the Party
involved wishes to be considered
as project participant (Yes/No)
Finland (host)
YARA Suomi Kemphos Oy
(Helsinki)
No
Norway
YARA International ASA,
Oslo (Norway)
No
Germany
N.serve Environmental
Services GmbH (Germany)
No
3. Secondary Catalyst technology employed by project
activity
YARA Siilinjärvi has installed the YARA 58 Y 1® catalyst system consisting of an
additional base metal catalyst that is positioned below the standard precious metal
gauze pack in the ammonia burner. Operation with a full batch of catalyst installed
started on June 26th 2009.
The secondary catalyst significantly reduces N2O levels in the gas mix resulting from
the primary ammonia oxidation reaction. A wide range of metals (e.g. Cu, Fe, Mn, Co
and Ni) have shown to be of varied effectiveness in N2O abatement catalysts. The
YARA 58 Y 1® abatement catalyst is made of cylindrical pellets containing cobalt as
an active ingredient. The abatement efficiency has been shown to be more than 80%
in the following reaction:
2 N2O 2N2 + O2
If operated properly, the secondary catalyst system can significantly reduce N2O
emissions for up to three years, before the catalyst material needs replacement.
The YARA 58 Y 1® abatement catalyst has been proven by industrial testing not to
affect actual plant production levels. Moreover no additional heat or other energy
input is required, as the temperature levels present inside the ammonia oxidation
reactor suffice to ensure the catalyst’s optimum abatement efficiency. There are no
additional greenhouse gases or other emissions generated by the reactions at the
N2O abatement catalyst.
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4. Project boundary of the project activity
The boundary of the project activity includes the complete process equipment of the
nitric acid plant.
All gases relevant to the project activity and the nitric acid by that matter originate
from the ammonia oxidation process that takes place at 860°C to 915°C and at about
3.8 bar at the precious metal gauzes inside the plant’s ammonia oxidation reactor.
The below table provides an overview on all emission sources within the project
boundary:
Source
Project Activity
Baseline
Nitric Acid Plant
Nitric Acid Plant
Leakage emissions
Gas
CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2
CH4
N2O
CO2
CH4
N2O
Included?
No
No
Yes
Justification / Explanation
The process does not lead to any
CO2 or CH4 emissions
No
No
Yes
The process does not lead to any
CO2 or CH4 emissions
CO2
No
No
leakage
expected.
CH4
No
N2O
No
emissions
are
5. Applied Baseline and Monitoring Methodology
This project activity is based on the approved CDM Baseline and Monitoring
Methodologies AM0034 / version 3.4 (with deviations) and AM0028 / version 4.2 (for
monitoring of project emissions).
5.1.
Determination of baseline emissions (benchmark emissions eligible for
ERU issuance)
Deviating from AM0034, the baseline (business as usual) scenario relevant for the
calculation of emission reductions eligible for issuance of ERUs is not determined
based on measured factual (historic) emissions (baseline campaign). Instead a set of
specific benchmark values were implemented by the Finnish DFP (national
Environmental Protection Department of the Finnish Ministry of the Environment) on
7th April 2010 as to serve as baseline emission factors for N2O abatement projects in
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Finnish nitric acid plants. The below table displays the applicable benchmark values
serving as baseline emission factors for determination of ERU relevant emission
reductions:
2009
2010
2011
2012
2.5kg
2.5kg
2.5kg
1.85kg
Table: Applicable JI project benchmark emissions factors for Finnish nitric acid plants
For the case of subsequent revision of the applicable benchmark values during the
course of the project activity, the project proponents explicitly reserved the right to
retroactively apply respective new benchmark values for the relevant project periods.
In addition, the project proponents understand that they may have to apply for an
additional host country LoA if ERUs are to be claimed for the crediting period from
2013 onwards, depending on whether or not a JI Project would be viable under any
new applicable legislation.
5.2.
Leakage
As per methodology AM0034, no leakage emission calculation is required since no
leakage emissions have occurred as a result of the project activity nor are any
expected in future.
5.3.
Project Emissions
5.3.1.
Determination of verification period specific Project Emissions
The Project Emission Factor is assessed based on the N2O concentration (NCSGn) and
off-gas volume flow (VSGn) measurements conducted in the stack throughout any period
of time for which the project proponents decide to undertake a Verification (the
“Verification Period”). Under the following pre-conditions the time period which is defined
as “Verification Period” can be chosen freely:
• The first Verification Period commences with the crediting period starting date.
• Any Verification Period after the first one will start at the termination date of the
previous Verification Period.
• No Verification Period may exceed the crediting period ending date.
Over the duration of the project activity, N2O concentration and gas volume flow of the tail
gas in the stack of the nitric acid plant, as well as the related nitric acid production of the
plant (in 100% concentration), will continuously be measured. Based on these parameters
the Project Emission Factor (EFn) – given as kgN2O/tHNO3 – can be determined at any
given point in time for the respective time period.
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5.3.2.
Measuring of N2O data for the calculation of project emissions
Throughout the project’s crediting period, N2O concentration (NCSGn) and volume flow of
the stack gas (VSGn) are to be monitored continuously. The installed automated
monitoring system (AMS) provides separate hourly average values for NCSGn and VSGn
based on 5-second interval measurements that are recorded and stored electronically.
The N2O data sets (NCSGn and VSGn average values for each operating hour) are marked
and can be identified by means of a unique time / date key. The operating hours (OHn) are
recorded by the plant’s process control system as well is the nitric acid production output
(NAPn, 100% concentration).
Since the determination of ERU relevant emission reductions is conducted based on
Benchmark Emission Factors (EFBM) the monitoring of all parameters exclusively related to
the Baseline Emission Factor (EFBL) according to AM0034 is irrelevant and is not regarded.
In the case of AMS downtime for any part of one hour, the hourly average value is
calculated pro-rata from the remaining available data for the hour in question. If the
remaining available data for that hour constitutes less than 2/3 of the hour (less than 40
minutes), that hour is considered missing and substitute values are applied.
In the case of AMS downtime that constitutes of malfunction of the AMS leading to
application of substitute values, missing data for the relevant hours is replaced with
either a) the highest value measured during the whole of the relevant verification
period or b) the highest value measured during the whole of the previous complete
production campaign, whichever is the higher. Determination of these highest values
is based on measurements during periods of standard AMS operation and recording
after elimination of mavericks, applicable to hourly average values.
In the case of equipment downtime due to routine calibration measurement values for the
relevant hours are substituted by the last valid measured hourly average values before the
calibration or maintenance works.
5.3.3.
Measurement during plant operation
Only those data sets collected during operation of the plant shall be used as a basis for
determining the Verification Period specific project emissions. Status signals from the plant
operation system (AOR temperature range and maximum ammonia to air ratio) will be
constantly monitored in order to determine whether the plant is in operation or not. The trip
point range for AOR temperature is 860°C (min) to 9 15°C (max), while the maximum
ammonia to air ratio at which the process is taken out of operation is 12%.
Consequently, any NCSG and VSG data sets recorded at times when the plant was shut
down are automatically excluded from the derivation of EFn. The number of operating
hours (OHn) is reduced accordingly.
For the avoidance of doubt, data sets containing values during shut down of the plant are
not to be regarded as AMS downtime readings (as defined above).
A Coriolis flow meter is used for measuring continuous HNO3-flow and HNO3concentration.
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5.3.4.
Application of instrument correction factors / elimination of implausible
values
The correction factors derived from the calibration curve of the QAL2 audit for all
components of the AMS as determined during the QAL2-test in accordance with EN14181
are applied to both VSG and NCSG.
For all N2O data sets a plausibility check is conducted in accordance with current best
practice monitoring standards. All data sets containing values that are implausible are
eliminated and replaced by default values according to the above mentioned practice.
5.3.5.
Calculation of EFn
The total mass of N2O emissions during a Verification Period (PEn) is calculated based on
continuous measurements of the N2O concentration in the tail gas and the volume flow
rate of the tail gas stream. The N2O mass-flow is calculated on the basis of hourly average
values according to the following equation:
x = vmp
PEn = ∑ NCSG x × VSG x × 10 −9 × M x
(tN2O)
x =1
The plant-specific project emissions factor representing the average N2O emissions per
tonne of nitric acid over the respective Verification Period is derived by dividing the total
mass of N2O by the total output of nitric acid (100% concentration) during this specific time
period.
The average N2O emissions per metric tonne of 100% concentrated nitric acid during the
Verification Period (EFn) is calculated as follows:
EFn = (PEn / NAPn)
(tN2O/tHNO3)
where:
PEn
EFn
NCSGx
VSGx
NAPn
Mx
x
vmp
total specific N2O emissions during the Verification Period (tN2O)
Emissions factor used to calculate the emissions from the defined
Verification Period n (tN2O/tHNO3)
Hourly average concentration of N2O in the tail gas stream in each
measurement time interval of 1 hour during the verification measurement
period (vmp) (mgN2O/m3)
Hourly average tail gas volume flow rate in each measurement time interval
of 1 hour during the verification measurement period (vmp) (m3/h)
Nitric acid production during the Verification Period (tHNO3)
Length of measurement interval x (h)
Each measurement interval during the verification period (1h)
Verification measurement period
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5.4.
Project Emissions and Allocation of ERUs
The emission reductions based on which ERUs will be issued for the project
activity are determined by deducting the project-specific emission factor from the
Benchmark Emission Factor and multiplying the result by the production output of
100% concentrated nitric acid over the period for which ERUs are to be claimed and
the GWP of N2O, as follows:
ERU = (EFBM - EFn)/1000 x NAP x GWPN2O
(tCO2e)
Where:
ERU =
NAP =
EFBM =
EFn =
GWPN2O =
Emission reductions awardable to the project for the Verification Period
that are at the project operator’s free disposal (tCO2e)
Nitric acid production for the Verification Period (tHNO3).
Benchmark Emissions factor according to host country approval
(kgN2O/tHNO3); see section A.5 (last paragraph) of the PDD for further
information.
Project Emission Factor for the defined Verification Period “n”
(kgN2O/tHNO3).
310 tCO2e/tN2O
For the avoidance of doubt, ERU reductions for production periods with emission
levels above the applicable Benchmark Emissions Factor DO NOT apply!
However, in accordance with the methodology AM0034, the maximum value of NAP
eligible for ERU issuance “shall not exceed the design capacity. By nameplate
(design) implies the total yearly capacity (considering 365 days of operation per
year) as per the documentation of the plant technology provider”. In the case of
Siilinjärvi, documentation from the plant shows an annual production capacity of
149,500t and ERUs can therefore only be claimed for tonnes of nitric acid produced
up to that capacity.
For details on “Monitoring Data and Parameters relevant for calculation of Project
Emissions and determination of related Emission Reductions“ refer to Annex I.
6. Monitoring plan
6.1.
General description
The emission reductions achieved by the project activity are monitored according to
the approved monitoring methodology AM0034, which refers to the European Norm
EN14181 (2004) “Stationary source emissions - Quality assurance of automated
measuring systems” as guidance for installation and operation of the Automated
Monitoring System (AMS).
Accordingly the sampling is carried out continuously using a multiple-point sampling
tube optimized to the specific width and height of the tail gas duct, and the expected
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gas velocities in the tail gas. Temperature and pressure in the tail gas are measured
continuously for calculation of the gas volume flow at standard conditions.
From June 26th 2009 to July 21st 2009 a Servomex 4900 Analyser was installed as
part of the AMS which was then replaced by the “new” Dr. Födisch MCA 04 Analyzer.
At the same time (July 22nd. 2009) the Dr. Födisch FMD 99 Volume Flow Meter was
installed. Both N2O-Analyzers and the flow meter are QAL1 approved and have been
tested and approved during the QAL2 performance test carried out in September
2009. During the first 3½ weeks from project start until July 21st 2009 the stack gas
volume flow was determined by application of mass balance calculations.
For detailed information on the installed AMS please refer to section D.1 in the PDD.
6.2.
Data acquisition
The YARA Siilinjärvi nitric acid plant is equipped with a Metso DNa InfoPlus.21
(Version 6.0 / DNA historian 6.1.2) data acquisition system which records and stores
all monitoring values for NCSG, VSG, TSG, PSG as well as different status signals of
the AMS. The data is stored simultaneously on different hard disks as to prevent from
loss of data in case of hard disk failure. Data directly related to plant operation, such
as oxidation temperature, oxidation pressure, ammonia flow rate, ammonia to air
ratio and nitric acid production rate, is stored in the same data logging system.
6.3.
Data evaluation
Hourly average values are derived for all monitored parameters from the data
management system (Metso DNa InfoPlus.21 (Version 6.0 / DNA historian 6.1.2)).
These data sets are exported to EXCEL-format and delivered by email or data-CD to
N.serve who is responsible for the correct analysis and processing of the delivered
data in accordance with the PDD as well as for the preparation of the monitoring
report.
Processing and analysis of the monitoring data is carried out in the EXCEL file in a
transparent manner. All steps of the data handling can be traced from raw data to the
actual calculation of the relevant Project Emission Factor for the respective
verification period.
The data handling includes plausibility check of the delivered data (and respective
clarification of any issues if needed), elimination of data for all hours where the nitric
acid plant was taken out of operation (complete hours with no plant operation at all,
according to plant operation status signal), and application of substitute values during
times of AMS downtime. Substitute values applied for downtimes (less than 2/3 of
valid data available for the specific hour) due to AMS malfunction constitute of the
highest measured value for NCSG and VSG out of the remaining set of values
measured during standard plant operation whereas the last measured value
considered valid is applied for those hours where analyzer/AMS calibration or
maintenance was performed.
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Calculation of the EFn as well as the resulting emission reductions eligible for issuance of
respective ERUs relevant for the specific verification period is done according to the before
outlined proceeding3.
6.4.
Application of EN14181 procedures
All requirements for QAL1, QAL2 and QAL3 according to EN14181 have been
adapted and are practically applied at the nitric acid plant. Respective procedures
and QA measures have been implemented and were integrated in the existing QA
system. Additional information regarding QAL measures are to be found in Annex 2.
QAL 1
The relevant instruments of the installed AMS, the Dr. Födisch MCA 04 Gas
Analyzer4 and Dr. Födisch FMD 99 stack gas flow meter5 both have QAL1 approval
as specified by EN ISO 14956. The same applies for the Servomex type 4900
Analyzer which was utilized before installation of the Dr. Födisch MCA 04 .
QAL2
According to AM0034 and EN 14181 the QAL2 test is to be performed at least every
3 years. The most recent QAL2 test was conducted by Müller-BBM September 16th
to 18th in 2009 (Report No. M82 450/8 and M82 450/11) with successful approval of
the AMS. The QAL2 reports are stating correction factors to be applied for the results
of N2O concentration, stack gas flow, stack gas temperature and stack gas pressure.
The factors are applied in the calculation of emission reductions.
AST
In addition to the QAL2 test, Annual Surveillance Tests (AST) are to be conducted in
accordance with EN 14181. Since QAL 2 test was conducted in September 2009 the
first AST will be performed in 2010.
QAL3
The QAL3 measures as required by EN14181 refer to ongoing quality assurance and
maintenance procedures and documentation conducted by the plant operators. This
documentation demonstrates that the AMS was well maintained during operation
aiming on assuring its function within the required specifications.
Relevant measures under QAL3 are the performance of regular periodic zero and
span checks on the Analyzer and respective adjustments or maintenance works to
the AMS whenever necessary. For compliance with these requirements YARA
established the below calibration and maintenance procedures, carried out on regular
basis by the YARA operational staff.
3
See section “Determination of verification period specific Project Emissions”
4
„TÜV Immissionsschutz Energiesysteme GmbH, Köln TÜV Rheinland Group Report No. 936/21203173/A from
13. July 2005“ and „TÜV Rheinland Immissionsschutz und Energiesysteme GmbH, Zertifikatsnummer
0000025929“
5
TÜV Rheinland Sicherheit und Umweltschutz GmbH, Köln (report number 936/808 005/C vom 18. Februar
2000) and TÜV Immissionsschutz und Energiesysteme GmbH, Köln (report number 936/rö from 15. October
2003
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AMS calibration and QA/QC procedures
The monitoring equipment installed on behalf of the N2O abatement project was
integrated into the existing ISO 9001 procedures.
N2O-Analyzer Zero Calibration
Conditioned ambient air is used as reference gas for zero calibration. The zero
calibration is conducted automatically every 24 hours. Manual calibrations are done
at least once per month (the calibration frequency might be adjusted if necessary).
N2O-Analyzer Span calibration
Manual span calibrations are done with certified calibration gas at least once per
month (the calibration frequency might be adjusted if necessary).
The calibration results and subsequent actions are all documented as part of the
QAL3 documentation. In addition, the analyzer room and equipment is visually
inspected at least once a week and the results are documented in analyzer specific
log-books.
Flow meter calibration procedures
The flow meter FMD 99 itself does not need to be calibrated since it is a physical
device without drift. Therefore, it is sufficient to regularly inspect the physical
condition of the Dr. Födisch FMD, which is regularly checked for the following: Visual
check; electric check; cleaning of probe, if necessary. In addition the flow meter is
checked during the QAL2 and AST tests by an independent laboratory by
comparison to standard reference method (SRM).
7. GHG Calculations
The calculation of the Project Emissions (PEn), the Project Emission Factor, and
related Emission Reductions (ER) eligible for issuance of ERUs for the 1st verification
period of the YARA Siilinjärvi N2O abatement project in Finland were carried out as
excel calculations based on the raw data (hourly averages) provided by the plant
operator (YARA). The raw data was checked for plausibility and necessary
adjustments (elimination of invalid data, application of substitute values, etc) were
made in accordance with the PDD. All steps of data handling were applied in a
transparent manner and can be traced in the excel file which will be provided to the
verifying DOE along with this monitoring report. Annex 2 of this report provides
additional information regarding any extraordinary events related to plant operation
and monitoring equipment during the verification period as well as the resulting steps
regarding data handling.
7.1.
Analysis and handling of monitoring data for calculation of project
emissions
For this 1st verification period a total of 8,160 hourly average data sets were recorded
and extracted from the AMS (raw data) out of which 256 data sets were excluded
due to clear shut down of the nitric acid plant (according to plant operation status
signal) in the course of the subsequent data handling process.
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During 44 of the remaining 7,904 operational hours (plant operation) the analyzer
was considered out of operation (down time) indicated by the analyzer status signals.
Respective NCSG measurement readings were replaced by adequate substitute
values. It should be noted that 39 of these down-time incidents were related to actual
calibration and maintenance works. In accordance with the PDD for these hours the
last valid measurement for NCSG was chosen as substitute value. For the 5 downtime hours not classified as related to calibration or maintenance the maximum N2O
concentration (NCSG) out of the remaining valid data sets was applied (NCSGmax=
350.29 mgN2O/Nm3).
For the time period from project start to installation of the (new) current AMS by Dr.
Födisch (26.06. to 21.07.2009) the Servomex 4900 Analyser was employed for
continuous measurement of the N2O concentration (NCSG) in the off-gas. Since this
Analyzer is QAL1 and QAL2 approved the measured NCSG data is used for the
emission reduction calculation in this monitoring report (after application of
determined QAL2 correction factor). The same applies for NCSG measurements
between Jan. 25th and March 4th 2010 when a problem with the sample gas suction
pump caused false concentration measurements from the Dr. Födisch Analyzer.
However, in dependence to the above argumentation respective NCSG
measurements were taken from the Servomex 4900 Analyzer (which is still installed)
as substitutes for this time period.
During the first 3½ weeks of the project before installation of the Dr. Födisch FMD 99
Volume Flow Meter on July 22nd. 2009 the stack gas volume flow was determined by
application of mass balance calculations. The same kind of mass balance calculation
was performed for the period 22.07.2009 – 04.08.2009 as to compare the results with
actual calibrated volume flow (VSG) measurements by the newly installed flow meter.
Based on this comparison a correction factor expressing the deviation between
calculated and measured volume flow (VSG) values was determined which is applied
to the calculated VSG values for the 26.06.2009 – 21.07.2009 period. The corrected
VSG values were then used for the calculations in this monitoring report. This
approach is thought to be the most accurate for determination of realistic VSG results
for the period before installation of the stack gas flow meter.
On October 16th 2009 the installed Coriolis Mass Flow Meter for measurement of
Nitric Acid Production (NAP) at 100% concentration broke down. A new Coriolis
Mass Flow Meter was installed on 30.12.2009. In the meantime from Oct.16th to Dec.
29th 2009 the NAP values were determined based on Ammonia (NH3) consumption
figures and mass balance calculations.
7.2.
Calculation of Project Emissions and related Emission Reductions
Based on the processed (data handling) monitoring data the total amount of N2O
emissions released to the atmosphere on account of the project activity during this
verification period was determined
PEn =
94.051165
t N2O
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Taking into account the amount of Nitric Acid produced during this same time
period the specific N2O Emission Factor for this verification period can be
determined as follows:
EFn = PEn / NAPn =
0.00072126 t N2O/ t HNO3
The amount of CO2e Emission Reductions eligible for issuance of ERUs is
calculated by applying the difference between the applicable baseline benchmark
N2O Emission Factor (EFBM) and the project specific N2O Emission Factor (EFn) to
the respective amount of Nitric Acid Production (NAPn).
Applying the specific global warming potential of N2O (GWPN2O = 310) then
delivers the respective amount of achieved CO2e Emission Reductions that are
claimed for issuance of ERUs.
ERn = (EFBM - EFn) * NAPn * 310 =
=
71,902 ERUs (t CO2e)
The below table summarizes all relevant monitoring data and parameters used for
calculation of the emission reductions claimed for issuance of ERUs.
PEn 94.0511654 t N2O
NAPn
130,397.96 t HNO3
EFn 0.00072126 t N2O/ t HNO3
EFBM
GWPN2O
ERn
ERUs
Table:
0.0025 t N2O/ t HNO3
310 t CO2e/t N2O
71,902.56 t CO2e
Calculated from monitoring data delivered by
AMS (Sum of NCSG * VSG)
Measured by Coriolis Nitric Acid Flow Meter
Calculated
Determined by Finish authorities
IPCC default factor
Calculated
71,902 ERUs (t CO2e) Rounded result from ER calculation
Monitoring Data and Parameter Values used for ER calculation
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Annex 1: Monitoring Data and Parameters relevant for
calculation of Project Emissions and determination of
related Emission Reductions
Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
Description:
Source of data used:
EFBM
kgN2O/tHNO3 (tN2O/tHNO3)
Benchmark (Baseline) N2O Emission Factor applicable for N2O abatement
projects at Finish Nitric Acid Plants
National Environmental Protection Department of the Finnish Ministry of the
Environment
Value applied:
Year
kgN2O/tHNO3
tN2O/tHNO3
2009
2,5
0.0025
2010
2,5
0.0025
2011
2,5
0.0025
2012
1,85
0.00185
Decision from 7th April 2010. Benchmark factors were determined as to serve as
baseline emission factors for N2O abatement projects in Finnish nitric acid
plants.
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Any comment:
For the case of subsequent revision of the applicable benchmark values during
the course of the project activity, the project proponents explicitly reserved the
right to retroactively apply respective new benchmark values for the relevant
project periods.
Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
Description:
Source of data used:
NCSG
mgN2O/Nm3
N2O concentration in tail gas stream
Servomex 4900 Analyzer until 21.07.2009
Dr. Födisch MCA04 Analyzer since 22.07.2009
Continuous measurement, frequency every 5 seconds
Both Analyzers are in compliance with the requirements from AM0034 and
EN14181, and both have valid approval for QAL1 and QAL2.
The QAL 2 correction factor for the Servomex 4900 Analyzer is 0.903
The QAL 2 correction factor for the Dr. Födisch MCA 04 Analyzer is 1.003
Value applied:
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Any comment:
Calibrations are performed regularly according to vendor’s specifications. QAL2,
AST and QAL3 measures are applied according to EN14181.
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Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
Description:
Source of data used:
Value applied:
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
VSG
Nm3/h
Stack Gas Volume Flow
Dr. Födisch FMD 99 Volume Flow Meter
Continuous measurement, frequency every 5 seconds
The equipment is in compliance with the requirements from AM0034 and
EN14181 having valid approval for QAL1 and QAL2. Volume flow measurements
are normalized by parallel temperature and pressure measurements in the stack;
parameters TSG (temp.) and PSG (press.).
The QAL 2 correction factor for the Dr. Födisch FMD 99 for stack gas flow is
0.982
For calculation of normalized stack gas flow the QAL2 corrected input data for
flow, temperature and pressure are used the result is: VSG QAL2 corrected and
normalized.
Equation used for normalization:
VSG = Flow*273.15/(273.15+TSG)*PSG/1013.25
VSG:
Flow:
TSG:
PSG:
273.15:
1013.25:
Stack gas flow in standard conditions [Nm³/h]
Stack gas flow in stack conditions [m³/h]
Stack gas temperature [°C]
Stack gas pressure [mbar]
Standard temperature [K]
Standard pressure [mbar]
Any comment:
Calibrations are performed regularly according to vendor’s specifications. QAL2,
AST and QAL3 measures are applied according to EN14181.
Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
Description:
Source of data used:
Value applied:
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
TSG
°C
Stack Gas Temperature
Dr. Födisch FMD 99 Volume Flow Meter
Continuous measurement, frequency every 5 seconds
The equipment is in compliance with the requirements from AM0034 and
EN14181 having valid approval for QAL1 and QAL2. Volume flow measurements
are normalized by parallel temperature and pressure measurements in the stack;
parameters TSG (temp.) and PSG (press.).
The QAL 2 correction factor for the Dr. Födisch FMD 99 for stack gas
temperature is 1.006
Any comment:
Calibrations are performed regularly according to vendor’s specifications. QAL2,
AST and QAL3 measures are applied according to EN14181.
Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
PSG
Pa
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Description:
Source of data used:
Value applied:
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Stack Gas Pressure
Dr. Födisch FMD 99 Volume Flow Meter
Continuous measurement, frequency every 5 seconds
The equipment is in compliance with the requirements from AM0034 and
EN14181 having valid approval for QAL1 and QAL2. Volume flow measurements
are normalized by parallel temperature and pressure measurements in the stack;
parameters TSG (temp.) and PSG (press.).
The QAL 2 correction factor for the Dr. Födisch FMD 99 for stack gas pressure is
1.001
Any comment:
Calibrations are performed regularly according to vendor’s specifications. QAL2,
AST and QAL3 measures are applied according to EN14181.
Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
Description:
Source of data used:
Value applied:
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Any comment:
NAPn
tHNO3
Nitric Acid Production at 100% concentration during verification period
Coriolis flow meter for flow and concentration measurements
130,397.96
Continuous measurement of HNO3 mass flow and concentration. In addition the
concentration measurement is checked 1/shift and 2/month by a central
laboratory.
NAP eligible for issuance of ERUs is capped at 149,500 tHN3/y. Related to the 1st
verification period (339 days) the relative cap is 138,851 tHNO3. Actual NAP is
below the cap and thus fully eligible for issuance of ERUs.
Calibrations are performed regularly according to vendor’s specifications.
Measurement frequency is 30 sec or less, delivering hourly average values.
Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
Description:
Source of data used:
Value applied:
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
PEn
tN2O
Total amount of N2O emitted by project activity during verification period
Calculated based on monitoring data
94.051165
Calculation based on Verification Periods and instead of standard production
campaigns. In order to ensure a conservative approach in this context, project
emissions are calculated in accordance with the methodology AM0028, which
advocates calculating emissions on an hourly basis (and not on a campaign
basis with statistical analysis). Emissions are calculated on an hourly basis, using
hourly average values for NCSG and VSG.
Any comment:
none
Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
Description:
Source of data used:
Value applied:
Justification of the
choice of data or
EFn
kgN2O/tHNO3 (tN2O/tHNO3)
N2O Emission Factor applicable for 1st verification period
Calculated based on monitoring data
0.72126 kgN2O/tHNO3 (0.00072126 tN2O/tHNO3)
Calculation according to agreed proceeding closely related to CDM
methodologies AM0034/AM0028; based on monitoring data delivered by AMS.
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description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Any comment:
none
Data / Parameter:
Data unit:
Description:
Source of data used:
Value applied:
Justification of the
choice of data or
description of
measurement methods
and procedures actually
applied :
Any comment:
ERn / ERU
tCO2e
Emission Reductions achieved eligible for issuance of ERUs
Calculated
71,902
Calculation according to agreed proceeding closely related to CDM
methodologies AM0034 and AM0028; based on monitoring data delivered by
AMS.
none
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Annex 2: Details on Events relevant for the Monitoring
Old Analyzer
New
Analyzer
26.06.2009 –
21.07.2009
NCSG
22.07.2009 –
24.01.2010
25.01.2010 –
04.03.2010
05.03.2010 –
31.05.2010
Analyzer
downtime
Analyzer
calibration
and
maintenance
26.06.2009 –
21.07.2009
VSG
22.07.2009 –
31.05.2010
TSG
26.06.2009 –
21.07.2009
22.07.2009 –
31.05.2010
“Old” Analyzer: Servomex type 4900
QAL 1 tested by SIRA Certification Service” and approved and acknowledged
officially by MCERTS
QAL 2 tested by Müller-BBM 16. – 18. September 2009
Report No. M82 450/11
QAL2 correction factor = 0.903
“New” Analyzer: Dr. Födisch type MCA 04
QAL1 tested by TÜV Rheinland
QAL 2 tested by Müller-BBM 16. – 18. September 2009
Report No. M82 450/8
QAL2 correction factor = 1.003
Before installation of new monitoring system
N2O measurements by “old” Analyzer Servomex 4900
QAL 2 correction factor 0,903 applied
N2O measurements by “new” Analyzer Dr. Födisch MCA 04
QAL 2 correction factor 1.003 applied
Problems with new monitoring system
N2O measurements by “old” Analyzer Servomex 4900
QAL 2 correction factor 0,903 applied
Problems fixed
N2O measurements by “new” Analyzer Dr. Födisch MCA 04
QAL 2 correction factor 1.003 applied
Analyzer downtime indicated by status signal (more than 1/3 of one hour)
5 NCSG hourly results were replaced by the maximum that was measured
during the verification period.
Analyzer routine calibration and maintenance indicated by “maintenance status
signal” (more than 1/3 of one hour)
39 NCSG hourly results were replaced by the reading of the previous hour
Before installation of new stack gas flow meter
VSG results calculated by YARA based on mass balance
Calculation results were compared with calibrated VSG measurement for the
period 22.07.2009 – 04.08.2009 and a correction factor for the calculation was
derived. This correction factor was applied to the calculated VSG results for
the period 26.06.2009 – 21.07.2009
Correction factor: 1.075
VSG measurement by Dr. Födisch FMD 99
QAL 1 tested by TÜV Rheinland
QAL 2 tested by Müller-BBM 16. – 18. September 2009
Report No. M82 450/8
Corrected to standard conditions by TSG and PSG
QAL2 correction factor: 0.982
Not applicable because VSG calculation is based on mass balance
TSG measurement by Dr. Födisch FMD 99
QAL 1 tested by TÜV Rheinland
QAL 2 tested by Müller-BBM 16. – 18. September 2009
Report No. M82 450/8
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PSG
NAP
26.06.2009 –
21.07.2009
22.07.2009 –
31.05.2010
26.06.200915.10.2009
16.10.2010 –
29.12.2009
30.12.2009 –
31.05.2010
For correction of VSG to standard conditions
QAL2 correction factor: 1.006
Not applicable because VSG calculation is based on mass balance
TSG measurement by Dr. Födisch FMD 99
QAL 1 tested by TÜV Rheinland
QAL 2 tested by Müller-BBM 16. – 18. September 2009
Report No. M82 450/8
For correction of VSG to standard conditions
QAL2 correction factor: 1.001
Measurement by Coriolis Mass Flow Meter
Coriolis Mass Flow Meter broke down
NAP results based on NH3 consumption and mass balance
New nitric acid flow meter installed
NAP results from new flow meter.
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Annex 3: Monitoring equipment list
YARA Siilinjärvi Monitoring equipment list
Item
OTh
OPh
AFR
AIFR
Unit
°C
bar
t/h
1
TAG-No.
TH3441-TN
TH3440-PI
TH3200-FI
TH3427-FFZ
NCSG (Dr. Födisch)
NCSG (Servomex
mg/Nm3
mg/Nm3
TH3280-QN3
TH4301-QI1
NCSG status singal analyser
NCSG analyser maintanance
VSG
VSG staturs signal flow meter
TSG
PSG
NAP
1/0 (yes/no)
1/0 (yes/no)
Nm3/h
1/0 (yes/no)
°C
mbar
ton
TH3280-QA1
TH3280-QA2
TH3280-FNI2.1
TH3280-QA8
TH3280-TI
TH3280-PI2
TH3623-FNI
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Annex 4: Calibration information for project relevant
monitoring equipment YARA Siilinjärvi
Data
TAG Number
Measured
VSG
NCSG
(old
analyzer)
NCSG
(new
analyzer)
Sampling
Location
TH3280FNI2.1
Tail gas
stack
TH4301-QI1
Tail gas
stack
TH3280-QN3
Tail gas
stack
Device
Description
Calibration
(Supplier and
Frequency
Type)
Dr. Födisch
Once per Year:
FMD 99
QAL2 per EN
14181 at least
every 3 years,
AST per EN
14181 in years
in between
QAL2 tests
Servomex
- regularly (at
4900
least every
month) manual
zero and span
calibration
against
calibration gas
cylinder
Dr. Födisch
FMD MCA04
Once per Year:
QAL2 per EN
14181 at least
every 3 years,
AST per EN
14181 in years
in between
QAL2 tests
-1/d auto
calibration
(zero)
- regularly (at
least every
month) manual
verification
against
calibration gas
cylinder
Once per Year:
QAL2 per EN
14181 at least
every 3 years,
AST per EN
14181 in years
Calibration During
Monitoring Period
(Date, Supplier and
Report number)
19/09/2009 –
21/09/2009, MüllerBBM GmbH Report
No. M82 450/15 (QAL2
test)
QAL 3 procedures
according to EN 14181
applied by YARA,
16. – 18. September
2009, Müller- BBM
GmbH Report No. M82
450/11 (QAL2 test)
QAL 3 procedures
according to EN 14181
applied by YARA,
16. – 18. September
2009, Müller- BBM
GmbH Report No. M82
450/8 (QAL2 test)
Data
TAG Number
Measured
NAP
TH3623-FNI
PSG
TH3280-PI2
Sampling
Location
Between
absorber
and HNO3
storage
tanks
Tail gas
stack
Device
Description
(Supplier and
Type)
Micro Motion
CMF200
Corriolis Flow
meter
Dr. Födisch
FMD 99
Tail gas
stack
TSG
TH3280-TI
Dr. Födisch
FMD 99
Calibration
Frequency
Calibration During
Monitoring Period
(Date, Supplier and
Report number)
in between
QAL2 tests
To be defined in Calibration by supplier
JI procedures
Micro Motion
17.11.2009
Once per Year:
QAL2 per EN
14181 at least
every 3 years,
AST per EN
14181 in years
in between
QAL2 tests
Once per Year:
QAL2 per EN
14181 at least
every 3 years,
AST per EN
14181 in years
in between
QAL2 tests
16. – 18. September
2009, Müller- BBM
GmbH Report No. M82
450/8 (QAL2 test)
16. – 18. September
2009, Müller- BBM
GmbH Report No. M82
450/8 (QAL2 test)
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