NAME
CLASS
DATE
Section 1 Guided Reading and Review
Diversity and Discrimination in American Society
CHAPTER
21
A. As You Read
As you read the section, summarize the information given on each group below in the space provided.
African Americans
1. ____________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
______________________
Native Americans
2. ____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
Asian Americans
4. ____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
Hispanic Americans
3. ____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
Women
5. ____________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
B. Reviewing Key Terms
Place a check mark next to each of the following pairs that correctly matches a term from this
chapter with its definition.
❑
6. reservation—land set aside by the government for Native-American use
❑
7. heterogeneous—made up of several ingredients
❑
8. assimilation—agreement
❑
9. refugee—person who comes to the United States for religious reasons
❑ 10. immigrant—new citizen
Chapter 21, Section 1 Guided Reading and Review
29
NAME
CLASS
DATE
Section 2 Guided Reading and Review
Equality Before the Law
CHAPTER
21
A. As You Read
Complete the outline by supplying the missing words or phrases in the blanks.
Equal Protection Clause
1. Reasonable Classification—The government is allowed to ______________________, or draw
distinctions, between groups, but it may not do so ______________________.
2. The Rational Basis Test—The rational basis test asks: Does the classification in question
bear a reasonable relationship to the achievement of some ______________________
______________________?
3. The Strict Scrutiny Test—In cases dealing with “______________________,” such as the right
to vote, or “______________________,” such as those based on race or sex, the Supreme Court
imposes the strict scrutiny test, which requires that the State prove that some
“______________________________________________” justifies the distinctions it has drawn.
Segregation in America
4. The Separate-but-Equal Doctrine—In 1896, the Supreme Court upheld racial segregation by
saying that segregated facilities for African Americans were lawful as long as the separate
facilities were ______________________.
5. Brown v. Topeka Board of Education, 1954—In 1954 the Court reversed itself, ruling that
segregation was ______________________ and must be ended.
6. De Jure and De Facto Segregation—Attention turned toward schools that practiced
______________________, often brought about by housing patterns.
Classification by Sex
7. Until 20 years ago, the Court has upheld ______________________ classifications.
8. Today, sex is a “suspect classification,” and is allowed only in cases where the law is intended
to serve an “important ______________________ objective.”
B. Reviewing Key Terms
Define the following terms on a separate sheet of paper.
9. segregation
12. integration
10. Jim Crow law
13. de jure segregation
11. separate-but-equal doctrine
14. de facto segregation
Chapter 21, Section 2 Guided Reading and Review
31