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Soldier, State Legislator, Lawyer, and Federalist,
1779–1797
To Thomas Posey, September 1, 1779 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
To William Pierce, February 12, 1783 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
To Charles Simms, June 22, 1783 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
To James Monroe, December 12, 1783 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
To James Monroe, January 3, 1784 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
To James Monroe, February 24, 1784 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
To James Monroe, April 17, 1784 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
To Charles Simms, June 16, 1784 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
To James Monroe, December 2, 1784 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
To George Muter, January 7, 1785 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
To James Wilkinson, January 5, 1787 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
To George Muter, February 11, 1787 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
To Arthur Lee, March 5, 1787 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Speech in the Virginia Ratifying Convention on the Necessity
of Adopting the Constitution, June 10, 1788 . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Speech in the Virginia Ratifying Convention on the Militia,
June 16, 1788 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Speech in the Virginia Ratifying Convention on the
Judiciary, June 20, 1788 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
To George Washington, October 14, 1789 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
To Archibald Stuart, ca. December 1789 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
To Albert Gallatin, January 3, 1790 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Resolutions in Support of the Neutrality Proclamation,
August 17, 1793 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Address in Support of the Neutrality Proclamation,
August 17, 1793 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Aristides No. I, September 8, 1793 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Aristides No. II, November 20, 1793 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
To Archibald Stuart, March 27, 1794 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
To Mary W. Marshall, February 3, 1796 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Argument in the U.S. Supreme Court in Ware v. Hylton,
February 9, 1796 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
To Alexander Hamilton, April 25, 1796 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
To James Iredell, December 15, 1796 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
To Mary W. Marshall, June 24, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
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To
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Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
Mary
W.
W.
W.
W.
W.
W.
Marshall,
Marshall,
Marshall,
Marshall,
Marshall,
Marshall,
July
July
July
July
July
July
3, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
5, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
10, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
11, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
14, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
20, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Diplomat, Congressman, and Secretary of State, 1798–1801
To Mary W. Marshall, August 3, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
To Mary W. Marshall, September 9, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
To George Washington, September 15, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
To Timothy Pickering, October 22, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
To George Washington, October 24, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
To Timothy Pickering, November 8, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
To Mary W. Marshall, November 27, 1797 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
To George Washington, March 8, 1798 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
To Citizens of Richmond, August 11, 1798 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
To Timothy Pickering, August 11, 1798 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
To Mary W. Marshall, August 18, 1798 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
To a Freeholder, September 20, 1798 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
To George Washington, January 8, 1799 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
To James M. Marshall, April 3, 1799 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Speech in Congress on the Case of Thomas Nash,
March 7, 1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
To Rufus King, August 23, 1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
To Rufus King, August 23, 1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
To Rufus King, September 20, 1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
To Richard Peters, October 30, 1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
To St. George Tucker, November 18, 1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
To St. George Tucker, November 27, 1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
To Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, December 18, 1800 . . . . . . . 211
To Edward Carrington, December 28, 1800 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
To Alexander Hamilton, January 1, 1801 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 1801–1819
To William Paterson, February 2, 1801 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
To Rufus King, February 26, 1801 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
To Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, March 4, 1801 . . . . . . . . . . . 219
To James M. Marshall, March 18, 1801 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
To William Paterson, April 6, 1802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
To William Cushing, April 19, 1802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
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To William Paterson, April 19, 1802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
To William Paterson, May 3, 1802 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
To Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, November 21, 1802 . . . . . . . 225
To Mary W. Marshall, January 2, 1803 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Opinion in Marbury v. Madison, February 24, 1803 . . . . . . . . . 229
To Caleb P. Wayne, January 10, 1804 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Preface to The Life of George Washington, 1804 . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
To Samuel Chase, January 23, 1804 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
To Caleb P. Wayne, July 20, 1804 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
To Caleb P. Wayne, September 3, 1804 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
To Caleb P. Wayne, June 27, 1806 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Circuit Court Opinion in United States v. Burr
Regarding a Motion for a Subpoena, June 13, 1807 . . . . . . . 268
To William Cushing, June 29, 1807 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Circuit Court Opinion in United States v. Burr on
the Law of Treason, August 31, 1807 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
To Richard Peters, November 23, 1807 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
To Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, October 19, 1808 . . . . . . . . 340
Opinion in Fletcher v. Peck, March 16, 1810 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
To Robert Smith, July 27, 1812 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Report of the Virginia River Commission, December 26, 1812 . . 358
To Bushrod Washington, April 19, 1814 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
To an Unknown Correspondent, April 9, 1815 . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
To Richard Peters, July 21, 1815 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
To Richard Peters, October 12, 1815 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
To Bushrod Washington, September 10, 1816 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
To Louis Marshall, December 23, 1816 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
To Dudley Chase, February 7, 1817 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
To Mary W. Marshall, February 14, 1817 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
To Joseph Delaplaine, March 22, 1818 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Opinion in Dartmouth College v. Woodward, February 2, 1819 . . 391
Opinion in McCulloch v. Maryland, March 6, 1819 . . . . . . . . . 412
To Bushrod Washington, March 27, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436
A Friend to the Union No. I, April 24, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
A Friend to the Union No. II, April 28, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
To Joseph Story, April 28, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
To Bushrod Washington, May 6, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464
To Joseph Story, May 27, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465
To Bushrod Washington, June 17, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
A Friend of the Constitution No. I, June 30, 1819 . . . . . . . . . 468
A Friend of the Constitution No. II, July 1, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . 473
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A Friend of the Constitution No. III, July 2, 1819 . . . . . . . . . 478
A Friend of the Constitution No. IV, July 3, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . 487
A Friend of the Constitution No. V, July 5, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . 494
A Friend of the Constitution No. VI, July 6, 1819 . . . . . . . . . 500
A Friend of the Constitution No. VII, July 9, 1819 . . . . . . . . . 505
A Friend of the Constitution No. VIII, July 14, 1819 . . . . . . . . 508
A Friend of the Constitution No. IX, July 15, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . 515
To Bushrod Washington, August 3, 1819 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 521
Chief Justice of the Surpreme Court, 1820–1835
To John Marshall, Jr., July 10, 1820 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525
To Bushrod Washington, February 8, 1821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526
To Mary W. Marshall, February 26, 1821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527
Opinion in Cohens v. Virginia, March 3, 1821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528
To Joseph Story, June 15, 1821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564
To Edward C. Marshall, June 24, 1821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565
To Joseph Story, July 13, 1821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567
To Joseph Story, September 18, 1821 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568
To James M. Marshall, July 9, 1822 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 571
To Mary W. Marshall, February 4, 1823 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573
Opinion in Johnson v. McIntosh, February 28, 1823 . . . . . . . . . . 575
To Bushrod Washington, May 3, 1823 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597
To Joseph Story, July 2, 1823 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598
To Joseph Story, September 26, 1823 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600
To Joseph Story, December 9, 1823 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 601
To Henry Clay, December 22, 1823 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603
To Mary W. Marshall, February 23, 1824 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605
Opinion in Gibbons v. Ogden, March 2, 1824 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 607
To Mary W. Marshall, March 23, 1824 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633
Preface to A History of the Colonies, 1824 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633
To Thomas W. White, November 29, 1824 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635
To Mary W. Marshall, February 8, 1825 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636
To Mary W. Marshall, February 12, 1826 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637
To Timothy Pickering, March 20, 1826 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638
Memorandum by Jared Sparks on a Conversation
with Marshall, April 1, 1826 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640
To Joseph Story, May 31, 1826 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 641
To Samuel Fay, September 15, 1826 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642
To Samuel Fay, October 15, 1826 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643
To Joseph Story, November 16, 1826 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 645
Opinion in Ogden v. Saunders, February 19, 1827 . . . . . . . . . . 647
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To Timothy Pickering, March 15, 1827 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671
To Charles F. Mercer, April 7, 1827 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672
To Marquis de Lafayette, May 2, 1827 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674
To Joseph Story, July 1827 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676
To Joseph Story, December 30, 1827 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692
To Timothy Pickering, March 18, 1828 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 693
To Joseph Story, October 29, 1828 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695
To John Randolph, December 24, 1828 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696
To Mary W. Marshall, February 1, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 698
To Mary W. Marshall, March 5, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 699
To Joseph Hopkinson, March 18, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700
To James M. Garnett, May 20, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 701
To Joseph Story, June 11, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 705
To Joseph Story, July 3, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 706
To James Rawlings, July 25, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708
To Joseph Story, September 30, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 708
Speech in the Virginia Constitutional Convention on
Apportionment, December 4, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709
Speech in the Virginia Constitutional Convention on
the Judiciary, December 11, 1829 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 713
To Mary W. Marshall, January 31, 1830 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 719
To Mary W. Marshall, February 14, 1830 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 720
To Mary W. Marshall, March 7, 1830 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 721
To James Hillhouse, May 26, 1830 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 722
To Joseph Story, October 15, 1830 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724
To Henry Lee, October 25, 1830 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 726
To Mary W. Marshall, January 30, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728
To Mary W. Marshall, February 7, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 729
Opinion in Cherokee Nation v. Georgia, March 18, 1831 . . . . . . . 731
To Joseph Story, May 3, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 736
To Richard Peters, May 19, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738
To Joseph Story, June 26, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 739
To Mary W. Marshall, October 6, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741
To Mary W. Marshall, October 12, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743
To Joseph Story, October 12, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 744
To Mary W. Marshall, November 8, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746
To Joseph Story, November 10, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 747
To Ralph R. Gurley, December 14, 1831 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 749
To Edward C. Marshall, February 15, 1832 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751
Opinion in Worcester v. Georgia, March 3, 1832 . . . . . . . . . . . . 753
from The Life of George Washington (Second Edition), 1832 . . . 780
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To Joseph Story, August 2, 1832 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821
To Joseph Story, September 22, 1832 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823
To Joseph Story, December 25, 1832. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 824
Eulogy for Mary Marshall, December 25, 1832 . . . . . . . . . . . . 827
Opinion in Barron v. Baltimore, February 16, 1833 . . . . . . . . . 830
To Joseph Story, April 24, 1833 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 834
To Humphrey Marshall, May 7, 1833 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835
To Jasper Adams, May 9, 1833 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837
To Edward Everett, July 22, 1833 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837
To Joseph Story, July 31, 1833 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 839
To Henry Lee, September 21, 1833 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 841
To James K. Marshall, October 14, 1833 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843
To Thomas S. Grimké, October 6, 1834 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 844
To Joseph Story, December 3, 1834 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 846
To John Marshall, Jr., December 7, 1834 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 847
To James K. Paulding, April 4, 1835 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 849
To Richard Peters, April 30, 1835 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851
To Thomas P. Devereux, May 30, 1835 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852
Epitaph, July 4, 1835 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852
Chronology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 855
Note on the Texts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 875
Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 878
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933