A Chromosome Study: Karyotyping
Part A: Normal human somatic cells
Examine Karyotype #1 for a normal human male. Answer these questions in complete sentences.
1. What is the diploid number for a normal human somatic cell?
2. How many chromosomes are present in a normal human somatic cell?
3. How many pairs of chromosomes are present in a normal human somatic cell?
4. How many autosomes are present in a normal human somatic cell?
5. How many sex chromosomes are present in a normal human somatic cell?
Part B: Prepare Karyotype #2
WARNING! Cut
the chromosomes from the karyotype sheet in groups. Do not cut out
additional chromosomes until a group has been paired, put in order, and glued onto
the karyotype sheet.
Do not lose or throw away any chromosomes.
Cut out the chromosomes in rectangles. Do not follow the X pattern closely.

Cut out and place the sex chromosomes (no bands in this simulation) in the correct
location at the bottom of the karyotype chart.

Cut out the ten longest chromosomes.

Arrange the chromosomes in homologous pairs. The chromosomes in a
homologous pair are the same size, have the same centromere placement, and have
nearly identical banding patterns.

Autosome pairs are arranged from longest to shortest on the karyotype chart; order
the homologous pairs from longest to shortest.

Check your placement of the pairs against the chromosomes on Karyotype #1.
Make any necessary corrections in placement.

Glue the chromosomes pairs in place on the karyotype chart. Do not cover up the
numbers.

Continue cutting out small groups of chromosomes, matching the homologs, and
placing them on the karyotype chart.
o Chromosomes 6 through 12 are medium sized chromosomes with the
centromere toward the middle.
o Chromosomes 13, 14, and 15 are medium-sized and have centromeres very
close to the top.
o Chromosomes 16 through 20 are small chromosomes with centrally located
centromeres.
o Chromosomes 21 and 22 are very small with centromeres very close to the top.
Part C: Karyotype Analysis
6. Copy and complete the chart.
Characteristic
Normal male
karyotype
Normal female
Karyotype #1
karyotype
Karyotype #2
Number of chromosomes
Number of autosomes
Number of normal pairs
Abnormal pair(s)
None
None
Male
Female
Sex chromosomes present
Sex of individual
7. Based on the karyotype, describe the individual represented by karyotype #2.
Use the chart below to determine a syndrome or disease.
Be sure to indicate the sex of the individual.
Disease/syndrome
Cause
Mosaic Warkany syndrome
Trisomy 8
Patau syndrome
Trisomy 13
Edward syndrome
Trisomy 18
Down syndrome
Trisomy 21
Turner syndrome
45 + X
Klinefelter syndrome
XXY
Triple X syndrome
XXX