植 物 分 类 学 报 45 (3): 383–387(2007)
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica
doi:10.1360/aps06155
http://www.plantsystematics.com
Typification and new synonyms of taxa in Dalbergia
(Leguminosae)
1, 2
1
2
LI Shi-Jin WU Hong
1
ZHANG Dian-Xiang*
(South China Botanical Garden, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China)
2
(College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China)
Abstract Lectotypes are designated for four species names in Dalbergia: Dalbergia
hupeana Hance, D. yunnanensis Franch., D. collettii Prain, and D. rimosa Roxb. Dalbergia
sacerdotum Prain, D. collettii (=D. yunnanensis var. collettii (Prain) Thoth.), and D.
mengsuoensis Y. Y. Qian are reduced to synonyms of D. hupeana, D. yunnanensis, and D.
rimosa, respectively.
Key words Dalbergia, Leguminosae, nomenclature, typification, new synonymy.
Dalbergia L. f. (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae) as traditionally circumscribed is a
pantropical genus containing ca. 250 species with 28 species occurring in China (Chen, 1994;
Klitgaard & Lavin, 2005). In our endeavor to revise the genus in China, three names have
been found to be conspecific with some widespread species and are thus reduced to
synonymy.
1. Dalbergia hupeana Hance in Journ. Bot. 20: 5. 1882; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 70
(2): 53. 1901; et in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calc. 10: 88. t. 70. 1904; T. Chen in Fl. Reip. Pop.
Sin. 40: 119. 1994. Type: China. Hubei (湖北): Yichang (宜昌), T. Watters s.n. (herb. propr.
n. 21189) (lectotype designated here, BM!)
Dalbergia sacerdotum Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 70 (2): 42. 1901; et in Ann. Roy.
Bot. Gard. Calc. 10: 86, t. 67. 1904; T. Chen in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 40: 121. 1994, syn. nov.
Type: China. Shanghai (上海), Hélot & d’Argy 75 (holotype, P!).
黄檀 Figs. 1, 2
D. sacerdotum Prain was described by Prain (1901) as a very distinct species and related
to D. sissoo Roxb. and D. emarginata Roxb. (=D. latifolia Roxb.). Three years later, Prain
(1904) remarked that D. sacerdotum is closely related to D. sericea G. Don and affirmed
again that the stamens were monadelphous. An examination of the type of D. sacerdotum
revealed that this was due to an observational mistake while Prain dissected and illustrated the
flowers. In fact, the stamens of D. sacerdotum are isodiadelphous but never monadelphous,
while all other characters, including the characters of its leaves, flowers and pods, indicated
that it is conspecific with D. hupeana.
2. Dalbergia yunnanensis Franch., Pl. Delav. 187. 1889; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 70
(2): 43. 1901; et in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calc. 10: 52, t. 29. 1904; T. Chen in Fl. Reip. Pop.
Sin. 40: 112. 1994. Type: China. Yunnan (云南): Heqing (鹤庆), Tapintze (大坪子?),
Delavay 654 (Lectotype designated here, P!).
Dalbergia collettii Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 66: 445. 1897; et in Ann. Roy. Bot.
Gard. Calc. 10: 53, t. 30. 1904.——Dalbergia yunnanensis Franch. var. collettii (Prain)
Thoth. in Bull. Bot. Surv. India 25: 171. 1983; T. Chen in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 40: 113. 1994,
———————————
Received: 26 September 2006 Accepted: 20 March 2007
Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant No.
30370107.
* Author for correspondence. E-mail: <[email protected]>.
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Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica
Fig. 1. Photograph of Dalbergia hupeana Hance
(lectotype designated here, T. Watters s.n. (herb. propr. n.
21189), BM).
Vol. 45
Fig. 2.
Photograph of Dalbergia hupeana Hance
(holotype of D. sacerdotum Prain, Hélot & d’Argy 75, P).
syn. nov. Type: India. Kawlo, Collett 591 (lectotype, CAL, selected by Thothathri, 1983).
滇黔黄檀 Figs. 3, 4
Prain (1897) described D. collettii, based on Collett’s collections from Shan hills,
Myanmar. He later (1904) remarked that D. collettii is closely related to D. yunnanensis
Franch., differing mainly in the smaller flowers and leaflets. Because Prain described this
species without seeing its pods, Thothathri (1983) added the description of pod based on a
collection of Lace 5805 (K!) and reduced it to a variety of D. yunnanensis, as D. yunnanensis
var. collettii (Prain) Thoth. This treatment was accepted also by Chen (1994). Two collections
have been cited by Prain (1897) under the original description (Collett 723 and Abdul Khalil
s.n.) without clearly assigning the type. Of the two specimens, the last one collected by Abdul
Khalil differs from the rest in habit, leaf and pod characters and was referred by Prain (1904)
to D. hemsleyi Prain. Evidently, Prain’s description of the pod based on this specimen has
been erroneous. Realising his mistake, Prain (1904) furnished an emended description by
omitting the pod characters and adding the citation of Collett 591. Thothathri (1983) selected
Collett 591 as lectotype of this name, a selection that is not permissable under Art. 9.10 of the
ICBN (McNeill et al., 2006). In lectotype designation, an isotype must be chosen if such exists,
or otherwise a syntype if such exists. The only syntype still applicable to the species to which
the name has been applied, Collett 723, is thus designated as lectotype here.
No. 3
LI et al.: Typification and new synonyms of taxa in Dalbergia (Leguminosae)
Fig. 3. Photograph of Dalbergia yunnanensis Franch.
(lectotype designated here, Delavay 654, P).
385
Fig. 4. Photograph of Dalbergia yunnanensis Franch.
(syntype of D. yunnanensis var. collettii (Prain) Thoth.,
Collett 723, K).
A critical examination of the types of D. collettii and D. yunnanensis, together with
many specimens collected from SW China and India, revealed that there are many
consecutive intergradations between them and they are of the same entity.
Pham Hoang labeled on a collection (Delavay 654) as the lectotype of D. yunnanensis
Franch., but he never published it. We hereby designate it formally.
3. Dalbergia rimosa Roxb. in Fl. Ind. 3: 233. 1832; DC., Prodr. 2: 517. 1825; Wight, Icon. t.
262. 1840; Baker in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 2: 232. 1876; Prain in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 70
(2): 61. 1901; et in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calc. 10: 38. t. 11. 1904; Gagnep. in Lecomte, Fl.
Gen. Indo-Chine 2: 474. 1916; T. Chen in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 40: 114. 1994; Niyomdham in
Thai For. Bull. (BOT.) 30: 156, t. 17. 2002. Type: India. Sylhet, Wall. Cat 5853 (lectotype
designated here, K!).
Dalbergia mengsuoensis Y. Y. Qian in Journ. Trop. Subtrop. Bot. 10 (1): 37. 2002, syn.
nov. Type: China. Yunnan (云南): Ximeng (西盟), Mengsuo (勐梭), Y. Y. Qian (钱义咏)
4050 (holotype, IBSC!).
多裂黄檀 Figs. 5, 6
D. rimosa Roxb. is a species distributed in SW China, India, N Vietnam, Cambodia and
Laos (Prain, 1904; Niyomdham, 2002), whereas D. mengsuoensis was described as similar to
D. benthamii Prain but different from the latter by having papery leaflets, terminal panicles,
shorter flowers, and larger pods. In comparing the type of D. mengsuoensis with species in the
genus, however, we concluded that it exhibited more similarities with D. rimosa. The
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Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica
Vol. 45
morphological characters and their variation, viz., leaflets, flower length, calyx tooth, panicle
location, pods, and pollen, that have been used to distinguish the three species (D. rimosa, D.
mengsuoensis, D. benthamii) are listed in Table 1. The morphological characters of D.
mengsuoensis are apparently within the variation range of D. rimosa.
Fig. 5. Photograph of Dalbergia rimosa Roxb. (lectotype
designated here, Wall. Cat. 5853, K).
Fig. 6. Photograph of Dalbergia rimosa Roxb. (holotype
of Dalbergia mengsuoensis Y. Y. Qian, Y. Y. Qian 4050,
IBSC).
Table 1 Diagnostic characters claimed for Dalbergia mengsuoensis Y. Y. Qian compared with the features of D.
benthamii Prain and D. rimosa Roxb.
D. benthamii
D. rimosa (D. mengsuoensis)
D. rimosa
Leaflets
ovate; coriaceous; upper elliptic-oblong to oblong-obovate;
elliptic-oblong to oblong-obovate;
surface glabrous, lower firmly papery; upper surface
firmly papery; upper surface
surface minutely
glabrescent, main nerves pubescent,
glabrescent, main nerves pubescent,
adpressed puberulous;
lower surface pubescent; apex often
lower surface pubescent; apex often
apex slightly retuse
rounded, emarginated or retuse,
rounded, emarginated or retuse,
sometimes acute or obtuse with a
sometimes acute or obtuse with a
short mucronate tip
short mucronate tip
Flower length
Calyx tooth
ca. 8 mm
sub-equal
3.5–4 mm
the lowest tooth is narrower and
longer than the others
3–4 mm
the lowest tooth is narrower and
longer than the others
Panicle location
axillary
terminal
terminal and in upper leaf axils
Pods
Pollen
5–8×1.5–2 cm
8–11×3–3.3 cm
spheroidal, tricolporate, smooth
surface
7–10×2–3.5 cm
spheroidal, tricolporate, smooth
surface
No. 3
LI et al.: Typification and new synonyms of taxa in Dalbergia (Leguminosae)
387
Acknowledgements We wish to thank the curators and staffs of Royal Botanic Gardens,
Kew and Edinburgh, and the British Museum (Natural History) for assistance in checking
specimens. We are also grateful to Prof. John McNeill (ROM), Prof. Chiming HU (IBSC) and
Prof. Xiangyun ZHU (PE) for critically reading the manuscript and for linguistic corrections.
References
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(Vienna Code). Ruggell: A. R. G. Gantner Verlag.
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Bulletin (BOT) 30: 124–166.
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黄檀属模式指定及新异名
1, 2
1
2
李世晋
2
吴 鸿
1
张奠湘*
(中国科学院华南植物园 广州 510650)
(华南农业大学生命科学学院 广州 510642)
摘要 指定了黄檀属Dalbergia黄檀D. hupeana Hance、滇黔黄檀D. yunnanensis Franch.、D. collettii Prain
和多裂黄檀D. rimosa Roxb.四个名称的后选模式。分别将上海黄檀D. sacerdotum Prain、高原黄檀D.
yunnanensis var. collettii (Prain) Thoth.和勐梭黄檀D. mengsuoensis Y. Y. Qian处理为黄檀D. hupeana、滇
黔黄檀D. yunnanensis和多裂黄檀D. rimosa的异名。
关键词 黄檀属; 豆科; 命名法; 模式指定; 新异名