25’
o
20’
Tv/Rc
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Ov/Te
Fv/Tv/Rc
Te
R
Tve/Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
Ov/Te
Te
Tv/Rc
Tv/Rc
Ov/Rc
R
Tve/Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
Ov/Rc
Rc
Tle
Tve/Rc
R
Tle
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Te
Tve/Rc
Rc
Rc
R
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
R
Tve/Rc
Te
Tv/Rc
Te
R
O
Rc
Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
Mr
Mv/Te
Rc
E
T
R
E
SO
E
IS
AD
R
Mr
Rc
Rc
R
Rc
Rc
25’
20’
Tve/Rc
R
Rc
50
Marine
0
1
2
km
Scale 1 : 50 000
3
RA
Ff
Cf
Ge
Le
4
Me
Te
hummock (h)
Eh
kettle (k)
Gh
Th
Gk
Tk
El
plain (p)
Fp
ridge (r)
Fr
terrace (t)
Ft
veneer (v)
Fv
Re
Gf
Er
Cv
Ev
Tl
Ol
Gp
Lp
Mp
Tp
Op
Gr
Lr
Mr
Tr
Or
Gt
Lt
Mt
Tt
Gv
Lv
Mv
Tv
Rt
Ov
Rw
complex (x)
undivided
F
C
E
Gx
Lx
Mx
Tx
G
L
M
T
O
O
Bog
Poorly drained accumulations of peat, peat moss and other organic matter;
developed in areas of poor drainage
R
Rock
Bedrock
R
SYMBOLS
l l l
l l l
l l l
Esker (flow direction known or assumed, unknown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crestline of major moraine ridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sand dunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Includes all types of till; composed of diamicton; transported and subsequently
deposited by/or from glacier ice with no significant sorting by water
Rr
weathered (w)
Beach ridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crevasse fill ridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Drumlin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crag-and-tail hill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fluting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Morphology
c
e
f
apron
blanket
Rc
A relatively gentle slope at the foot of a steeper slope, commonly used to describe
colluvium at the base of a rock escarpment; consists of materials derived from the usually
steeper upper slope
Any deposit greater than 1.5 m thick; minor irregularities of the underlying unit are
masked but the major topographic form is still evident
Vegetation mat developed on either colluvium surfaces or a thin layer of angular frostshattered and frost-heaved rock fragments overlying bedrock; includes areas of shallow
(less than 1 m), discontinuous overburden
drumlinoid
Elongate ridge(s) between 1.5 and 20 m high, 20 and 300 m wide, and 200 to 5000 m
long; ridges have a rounded end pointing in the up-ice direction and gently curving sides
that taper in the down-ice direction; exhibit a convex longitudinal profile, commonly with a
steeper slope in the up-ice direction; consist of subglacially formed deposits shaped in a
streamlined form parallel to the direction of glacial flow; commonly consists of till, although
some may contain stratified drift; may have a rock core
eroded and
dissected
Series of closely spaced gullies or deeply incised channels; can have a dendritic pattern or
may be a single straight or arcuate channel; gullies and channels may contain underfit
streams
fan
A gently sloping accumulation of debris deposited by a stream issuing from a valley onto a
lowland; has its apex at the mouth of the valley from which the stream issues; the fan shape
results from the deposition of material as the stream swings back and forth across thel
lowland; fluvial fans are usually derived from eroded glacial and glaciofluvial deposits;
glaciofluvial fans (deltas) are deposited in standing water rather than a terrestrial
environment; colluvial fans are derived from bedrock and are usually steeper (i.e., cone
shaped)
hummock
An apparently random assemblage of knobs, mounds, ridges and depressions without any
pronounced parallelism, significant form or orientation; formed by glacial melting during ice
stagnation and disintegration; includes subglacial, englacial, supraglacial and stratified
materials
k
kettle
A basin or bowl-shaped closed depression or hollow in glacial drift; results from the melting
of a buried or partly buried detached block or lens of glacier ice; commonly occurs in
association with hummocks
l
lineated
Elongate spindle-shaped ridge(s) between 6 and 60 m high, 75 and 300 m wide and up to
4000 m long; ridges are commonly straight sided, taper at one or both ends, and have a flat
longitudinal profile; consist of subglacially formed deposits shaped in a streamlined form
parallel to the direction of glacial flow; commonly consist of till, although some may contain
stratified drift; may have a rock core. Includes slope lineated bogs (Ol)
Rc
Rc
Description
concealed by
vegetation
R
R
Kettle hole (small, large) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
l
l l l l l l
l l
l
sh
Digital cartography by T.J. Sears, map editing by D.M. Taylor, Geological Survey, Department of Mines and Energy, Government of
Newfoundland and Labrador.
Copies of this map may be obtained from the Geoscience Publications and Information Section, Geological Survey, Department
of Mines and Energy, P.O. Box 8700, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada, A1B 4J6.
E-mail: [email protected]
http://www.geosurv.gov.nf.ca
OPEN FILE 001M/09/0386
PUBLISHED 1998
REFERENCE
Taylor, D.M., St. Croix, L. and Vatcher, S.V., 1994: Newfoundland striation data base. Newfoundland Department of Mines and Energy,
Geological Survey Branch. 174 pages, Open File NFLD 2195 (version 3).
Recommended citation:
Catto, N.R. and Taylor, D.M.
1998: Landforms and Surficial Geology of the Harbour Buffett Map Sheet (NTS 1M/09), Newfoundland
Department of Mines and Energy, Geological Survey, Map 98-64, Open File 001M/09/0386
Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, Nfld.
Geological Survey, Department of Mines and Energy, Government of Newfoundland and Labrador
60
52o
o
58
o
56
plain
2M
St. Anthony
51
A comparatively flat, level, or slightly undulating tract of land; materials are either till,
glaciofluvial, alluvial, marine, lacustrine or organic sediments; bedrock features are
commonly masked by the overlying sediments
ridge
terrace
Narrow, elongated and commonly steep-sided feature that rises above the surrounding
terrain; materials are either rock, till, glaciofluvial, fluvial, marine, lacustrine, aeolian, or
organic sediments. Includes string bogs (Or)
Tve/Rc
47 30’
54 00’
Long, narrow, level or gently inclined step-like surface, bounded along one edge by a
steeper descending slope or scarp and along the other by a steeper ascending slope or
scarp; materials are either till, glaciofluvial, fluvial or lacustrine sediments; generally
formed by fluvial and glaciofluvial erosion and marine wave action
o
v
veneer
Any deposit less than 1.5 m thick; morphology of the underlying unit is evident
w
weathered
A thin layer, generally less than 1 m thick, of frost-heaved and frost-shattered bedrock
fragments
complex
Commonly used to indicate numerous esker ridges that are closely spaced; can be used
where any genetic category exhibits numerous surface expressions in a small area, and in
which no single element can be defined
51o
NEWFOUNDLAND
12I
0
2L
150
km
o
50
12G
49o
t
52o o
52
54o
o
12P
50
5’
sh
l l l l l l
l l
l
Geology by N. R. Catto, Department of Geography, Memorial University of Newfoundland. The surficial geology and landforms
presented on this map are based upon airphoto interpretation with limited ground verification.
o
p
r
Rc
l
Elevation in feet above mean sea level. Contour interval 50 feet.
12B
2E
12H
Corner
Brook
Stephenville
49o
2C
2D
12A
48o
48o
Port aux Basques
11O
1N J St.
1M
11P
John's
47o
47o
St. Lawrence
11I
46o o
60
o
2F
Gander
58o
1K
1L
56
o
INDEX MAP
NEWFOUNDLAND
1
fan (f)
Ee
Trend of ribbed or minor moraine ridges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Glacial
b
1M/09
HARBOUR BUFFETT
Ce
Clay, silt, gravel and diamicton; sand is present in some places, generally moderately
to well sorted and commonly stratified, but may be massive; occurs as beach ridges,
deltas, terraces and bars deposited in a marine environment; gravel and sand by
shoreline wave action; may include shells, clay and silt deposited from suspension
and turbidity currents; gravel is generally a wavewashed lag
T
x
MAP 98-64
Fe
o
10’
15’
eroded and
dissected (e)
NOTE : All symbols and classifications may not occur on this map.
Rc
R
Rc
Td
Meltwater channel (small, large) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
a
Rc
Rc
drumlinoid (d)
Silt, clay, gravel and sand occur as plains and blankets; silt and clay deposited in
freshwater lakes from suspension, sand and silt by lake-floor currents, gravel and
sand by shoreline wave action
Lacustrine
R
R
Rc
Scarp face at edge of fluvial terrace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
h
Rc
R
Cc
Fine grained sand to coarse grained cobbly gravel occur as plains, ridges (eskers),
hummocks, terraces and deltas; generally greater than 1 m thick; deposited as
outwash in an ice-contact position or proglacially
Symbol
Mr
Rc
Ob
Sinkhole (small, large) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35’
R
Rc
Rc
Tb
Lb
Glaciofluvial
Tve/Rc
R
Gb
G
Rc
R
Cb
Medium to fine grained sand and silt, well sorted, poorly compacted; commonly occur
as dunes up to 10 m high; transported and deposited by wind
d
R
Rc
Rc
Fb
Aeolian
LANDFORM CLASSIFICATION: MORPHOLOGY
R
Rc
Rc
Rc
o
250
Rc
R
Mb
Rock
(R)
Ca
E
Rc
Rc
47 30’
54 30’
250
Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
Rc
Rc
R
Ter/Rc
Rc
R
Rc
R
R
Rc
Rc
Tv/Rc
R
R
Rc
Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
R
W
Rc
Mr
Mr
Rc
Rc
R
Rc
Rc
Rc
R
Rc
R
Cv/Rc
Rc
Rc
Cv/Rc
Rc
S
D
N
U
R
R
R
Rc
R
Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
R
R
R
Rc
Rc
Mr
H
Tv/Rc
Rc
R
Rc
A
R
R
Rc
Rc
Tve/Cv/Rc
Mr
Organic
(O)
Striation (direction known, unknown) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
L
N N E
C H A
Tve/Rc
R
Rc
Rc
Glacial
(T)
Rôche Moutonnée . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rc
R
N
Rc
Tve/Rc
Rc
R
R
Alluvium consisting of silt and clay to bouldery gravel, forms terraces and plains
associated with modern stream channels, their floodplains and deltas; usually less
than 1 m thick; deposited by fluvial action at or below maximum flood levels
Marine
(M)
Colluvium consists of coarse-grained bedrock derived materials, but may
include sand, silt or clay, accumulates on the lower parts, or at the base of steep
rock faces; transported by gravity
Cv/Rc
R
Rc
Tve/Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
R
Rc
Rc
R
Origin and Characteristics of Materials
Glaciofluvial Lacustrine
(G)
(L)
C
L
Rc
Rc
Mr
R
Rc
Rc
R
Tve/Rc
Tve/Rc
Rc
Rc
Aeolian
(E)
Colluvial
M
Rc
blanket (b)
concealed by
vegetation (c)
Colluvial
(C)
Fluvial
B A Y
Rc
L
Tve/Rc
R
R
Fluvial
(F)
F
R
Rc
Tv/Rc
R
o
R
R
Rc
Ov/Tv/Rc
Rc
R
Cv/Rc
Rc
Mr
Rc
R Rc
DOR
GE
P L A C E N T I A
R
Rc
R
PA
Rc
Rc
GENETIC
Geological boundary (assumed) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mr
R
Tv/Rc
Rc
R
Rc
Fv/Cv/Tve
Rc
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Mr
R
Mr
C H A
N N
E L
Rc
R
Tve/Rc
Rc
Mr
Symbol
40’
Depositional
Environment
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
R
R
Tve/Rc
R
Ov/Rc
A composite symbol is used to show combinations of the above cases. For example, F/G(T) indicates that about 60 - 85
percent of the area is covered by fluvial sediment, 15 - 40 percent by glaciofluvial sediments, and is underlain by till.
LANDFORM CLASSIFICATION
lineated (l)
N
T E R
E A S
Tve/Rc
Rc
Mr
Tve/Rc
Rc
R
Tv/Rc
R
R
Te
A hyphen between two landform types indicates that they are approximately equal in area. For example, Tv-Rc indicates
that till veneer and rock concealed by vegetation or a thin regolith are equal in area.
LANDFORM CLASSIFICATION: GENETIC
Rc
Mr/Rc
Rc
Rc
3.
Mv/Rc
Mr
R
Ov/Rc
R
Where two landforms are included in a single map unit, a double slash (//) or single slash (/) is used to separate them,
and their relative percentages are (85 - 95) and (5 - 15) for double slash, or (60 - 85) and (15 - 40) for a single slash.
Tve/Rc
arbou
r
Rc
Mr
Fv/Tv/Rc
2.
The striation data reported on this map has been referenced from the Newfoundland Striation Database (Taylor et al, 1994)
Mr
R
R
Rc
Rc
an
dy
H
R
Rc
Rc
Ov/Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
R
Ov/Tv/Rc
eS
apron (a)
Where three different landforms are included in a single map unit they are each separated by a single slash (/) and their
relative percentages are (60 - 85), (15 - 35), and (5 - 15) .
4.
R
Mr
R
R
Tv/Rc
R
Rc
MAP 98 - 64
1.
Rc
Rc
Ov/Rc
Rc
Rc
R
LA
MORPHOLOGY
Mr
C E N
T R A
L
Rc
Rc
R
Ov/Rc
R
Rc
Mr
E
R
Rc
1864
AND AND
Each outlined area is assigned a classification consisting of up to three genetic categories and modifiers that designate the
types of deposits within each area. Each category, within a classification, is listed in order of dominance and is separated from
the other categories by a slash (e.g., Tv/R). Generally ,the areas are divided so that three landforms or deposit types are
identified within a given area. The classification system is also used to denote the approximate percentage of landforms
occurring within an outlined area, but those which comprise less than 5 percent of the area are not included in the classification.
Four variations of the landform system are as follows:
Tv/Rc
Fv/T
Rc
R
Rc
Mr
Rc
Mr
R
Rc
Rc
Mr
Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
Rc
Rc
Get
Mr
Li
Tv/Rc
R
ou r
Ge Sandy Harb
t tl
Tve/Rc
Te/Rc
DL
LANDFORM CLASSIFICATION
Mr
Rc
eat
Rc
Tve/Rc
Tle/Rc
R
Rc
Rc
Rc
Tv/Rc
Te
Ov/The
Gr
Tv/Rc
Te
Rc
Tve/Rc
Ov/Rc
Rc
250
Tve/Rc
LANDFORMS AND SURFICIAL GEOLOGY
OF THE HARBOUR BUFFETT MAP SHEET
(NTS 1M/09)
GICAL SUR
LO
50
Rc
Ov/Rc
Rc
Cv/Rc
Get
Mr
Ge
Mr
Tve/Rc
250
Rc
Tle/Rc
Ov/The
Get
Get
Rc
Ov/Rc
Te
Fv/Rc
Ov/Te
Tve/Rc
Tve/Rc
Ov/Rc
The
Te
The
Tv/Rc
Te
Fv/Tv/Rc
Ov/The
Tve/Rc
Get
Tve/Rc
Tl
Ov/The
The
R
Ov/The
Tve/Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
Rc
Rc
Ov/Tve/Rc
Ov/Tv/Rc
Ov/Tv/Rc
Rc
Mr
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
N
R
Rc
Tve/Rc
Get
Rc
R
Ov/Rc
R
Tve/Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
Tv/Rc
R
Get
Rc
Rc
N
Rc
Ov/Tv/Rc
Ov/Rc
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Rc
Ov/Tv/Rc
Tv/Rc
Te
Tl
Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
Tve/Rc
R
Rc
Tve/Rc
Tve/Rc
C
Fv/R
Tv/Rc
R
Tve/Rc
R
Ov/Te
Tve/Rc
Rc
Ov/Rc
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
Ov/Te
Te
Rc
Fv/R
Rc
Rc
Geological Survey
Rc
Te/Rc
Rc
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
R
Ov/Te
Tl
Tve/Rc
Department of Mines and Energy
Rc
N
Te
Mr
Tve/Rc
NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR
R
Ov/R
Ov/Rc
GOVERNMENT OF
Mev/Rc
OU
Rc
Rc
Ov/Te
Tv/Rc
Ov/Rc
R
R
Rc
Tve/Rc
R
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Tv/Rc
Mr
B
Ov/Rc
47 45’
Y
VE
Te
Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
R
Rc
Rc
Ov/Rc
Tv/Rc
Ov/Rc
Rc
Ov/R
R
NEWF
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
R
Rc
Ov/Rc
Rc
Rc
R
Tv/Rc
Ov/Rc
Te
Tv/Rc
Rc
Tv/Rc
Te
Rc
Tv/Rc
Rc
Tve/Rc
Ov/Te
Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Tve/Rc
Rc
Tv/Rc
Ov/Rc
250
Rc
R
R
l l l l l l
l l
l
R
Rc
R
Rc
Ov/Rc
l
Rc
R
Tve/Rc
Rc
R
Tv/Rc
Ov/Tv/Rc
Tve/Rc
Tve/R
Fv/Rc
Cv/R
l l l l l l
l l
l
Ov/Tel
o
o
Rc
Tv/Rc
Ov/T
54 00’
5’
10’
l
Ov/Rc
Td
15’
v
54 30’
47 45’
o
54
o
46o
52o