APRIL 2014
SECONDARY WORKSHEET
PATHFINDE
R
Section 1: Reading for Ideas
Read the article ‘Feed the World’ and answer all the questions below. 1(a) Notes Explain how the Incas farmers overcome the challenge of producing food for their vast empire. USE ONLY MATERIAL FROM PARAGRAPH 13 TO 16. At this stage, you need NOT use your own words. To help you get started, the first point in each section of notes is done for you. MAIN POINTS Explain how the Incas farmers overcome the challenge of producing food for their vast empire. •
The water which runs downhill cause erosion and takes valuable nutrients with it. 1 (b) Summary Now use your notes to write a summary using your own words as much as possible, in which you explain how the Incas farmers overcome the challenge of producing food for their vast empire. Use only information from paragraphs 13 to 16 (page 12) onwards. Your summary must be in continuous writing (not note form). It must not be longer than 80 words (not counting the words given to help you begin). The water which runs downhill cause erosion and takes valuable nutrients with it……………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. .……………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
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………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 2. In your opinion, describe one advantage and disadvantage of the 3D food printers. 3D food printers Advantage Disadvantage 3. From your reading of the whole article, decide whether each of the following statements is true or false and tick the appropriate box. T F Using 3D food printers will help solve the problem of food shortage. Terrace farming is widely adopted by many countries as an effective way of farming. Vertical farming allows farmers more control over the plants. Section 2: Reading for Meaning
Read the article ‘Saving Sloths’ from the NG Pathfinder Explorer magazine for comprehension and answer all the questions below. 4. In your opinion, how does Buttercup change Avey-­‐Arroyo’s life? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. Quote a sentence from paragraph 6 on page 4 to show that Buttercup is very reliant on Avey-­‐Arroyo and her family. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. Which phrase in paragraph 2 of page 5 tells us that the family is unsure of how to take care of sloths? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 7. In paragraph 5 of page 6 ‘She hung over the back of the couch and barely moved.’ Give two pieces of evidence from the article to support the statement. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. According to the passage, what are the two ways in which sloths adapt in the wild to survive from their predators? (i) How sloths survive from their predators (ii) 9. The writer states that there were many mouths to feed. Explain why the writer chooses to describe the situation with the underlined phrase. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. Under the subtitle ‘The Sanctuary’, suggest two ways in which baby sloths are similar to human babies. How baby sloths are similar to human babies (i) (ii) 11. What does Avey-­‐Arroyo think that caring for injured and orphaned sloths is important work? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12. ‘She meets everyone who comes to the sanctuary, and visitors aren’t likely to forget her.’ Based on the italicized words, what do they suggest about Buttercup’s personality? ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 13. Choose five of the following words. For each of them give one word or short phrase (of not more than seven words) which has the same meaning that the word has in the passage. (a) wiry (e) threats (b) nocturnal (f) defense (c) awkward (g) solitary (d) vital (h) sanctuary Five words chosen Answer (from list above) ( ) …………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ( ) ……………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ( ) ……………………………………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ( ) …………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ( ) …………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5 Answers
1(a) Notes MAIN POINTS Explain how the Incas farmers overcome the challenge of producing food for their vast empire. •
The water which runs downhill cause erosion and takes valuable nutrients with it. •
So they invented a form of farming called terrace, or step, farming. •
The Incas changed their land by digging into it. •
They carved huge steps into sides of the mountains. •
They stacked stones around each step to make a solid wall. •
Then they filled in the space behind the walls with soil. •
This made flat places to plant crops. •
When flowing rainwater reached a terrace, it slowed down and soaked into the soil. •
The water helped crops grow. •
The walls in the terrace farming also helped control erosion. •
The plants grew well. •
The Incas grew corn, potatoes and quinoa. 6 b) Summary MAIN POINTS OWN WORDS Explain how the Incas farmers overcome the challenge of producing food for their vast empire. •
So they invented a form of farming called terrace, or step, farming. •
The Incas changed their land by digging into it. •
They carved huge steps into sides of the mountains. •
They stacked stones around each step to make a solid wall. •
Thus, the Incas farmers invented terrace farming and altered their land by delving the soil. •
They chiseled large steps into mountains’ sides and piled stones around to make a wall. •
Gaps behind the walls were covered with soil. •
This enabled the crops to be planted. •
Then they filled in the space behind the walls with soil. •
When rain fell onto a terrace, its speed decelerated and seeped into the soil. •
This made flat places to plant crops. •
Therefore, crops started to grow. •
When flowing rainwater reached a terrace, it slowed down and soaked into the soil. •
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The water helped crops grow. The walls also helped to manage erosion which helped crops such as corn, potatoes and quinoa to grow well. •
The walls in the terrace farming also helped control erosion. •
The plants grew well. •
The Incas grew corn, potatoes and quinoa. 2. Advantage Disadvantage 3D food printers 3D food printers help to produce more food , in addition to farming which help to reduce food shortage for the world population 3D food printers may not be able to substitute the taste of real food and may have limitations in terms of food variety 3. Using 3D food printers will help solve the problem of food shortage. Terrace farming is widely adopted by many countries as an effective way of farming. Vertical farming allows farmers more control over the plants T F √ √ √ 7 4. She would have additional responsibilities in taking care of Buttercup besides her own family and work. She would probably have to make adjustment to her family life as well as work schedule to cater to the needs of Buttercup. [accept any appropriate answers] 5. The sentence is ‘The baby is too young to be left on its own.” 6. The phrase is “made some good guesses”. 7. Buttercup often dozed while clinging on to someone or the trees. She did not seem to do much and spent most of her time sitting in the woven chair. 8. How sloths survive from their predators (i) Sloths are able to turn their heads all the way around without moving its body so that they do not make a lot of noise. (ii) Sloths’ fur is covered in sticky, green algae which help them to camouflage in the wild and keep hidden from their predators. 9. The writer want to emphasise the crucial need for help to care for the sloths as the number of injured and orphaned sloths are on the rise. 10. How baby sloths are similar to human babies (i) Baby sloths drink milk every morning like human babies (ii) When the baby sloths are tired, they are taken inside for a nap which is similar to the behavior of human babies. 11. It is important as the number of sloths is declining which are caused by people damaging their habitat. She thinks it is crucial to save them before they become extinct. 12. Buttercup probably has an amiable and friendly personality and also very interactive with her guests which leave them with positive memories of her. 13. (a)wiry (b) nocturnal Thin and strong/ sinewy/supple/limber Active at night/ awake at night/ happening at night (c) awkward Clumsy/stiff/uneasy/unfloundering (d) vital Essential/important/critical/crucial/imperative (e) threats Hazards/perils/risks (f) defense Shield/protection/cover/fortification (g) solitary Lonely/solo/antisocial/lonesome (h) sanctuary Haven/home/safe place/place of refuge 8