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Chapter
4
Review
VISUAL SUMMARY
Great Muslim Empires
The Umayyad Empire 661–750 (7.2.4)
The Abbasid Empire 750–1258 (7.2.4)
• Established new capital at
Damascus
• Extended empire from the Indus
Valley in the south to the Iberian
Peninsula in the west
• Set up a central bureaucracy in
Damascus to govern their vast empire
• Attempted to unify the varied
peoples of the empire by establishing
a common language for government
and common coinage
• Overthrown by the Abbasids in 750
• Re-established dynasty in a western
empire in Spain; ruled for another
300 years
• Seized the eastern section of the
Muslim Empire from the Umayyads
• Maintained control through force and
a policy of inclusion—using all able
people regardless of their background
• Established new capital at Baghdad,
which soon became one of the
world’s major cities
• Oversaw a golden age of Muslim
culture, with notable developments in
mathematics and medicine
• Lost power because of internal revolts
and poor government
• Collapsed after invasions by Seljuk
Turks and Mongols
TERMS & NAMES
MAIN IDEAS
Explain why the words
in each set below are
linked with each other.
The Expansion of Muslim Rule (pages 112–117)
4. What areas did the Umayyads add to the Muslim
Empire? (7.2.4)
5. How did a common language, coinage system,
and religious practices help to unify the peoples
of the Umayyad Empire? (7.2.4)
1. bureaucracy and
Abd al-Malik
2. Baghdad and
golden age
3. al-Andalus and
Córdoba
A Golden Age in the East (pages 118–129)
6. What mathematical and medical developments did
Muslims make during the Abbasid period? (7.2.6)
7. Why did the Abbasids eventually lose control of
the Muslim Empire? (HI 2)
Muslim Rule in Spain (pages 130–139)
8. How did the Umayyads create a powerful
kingdom in Spain? (7.2.4)
9. What economic and cultural activities took place
in Córdoba? (7.2.5)
140 • Chapter 4
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Standards-Based Assessment
CRITICAL THINKING Big Ideas: Geography
10. IDENTIFYING ISSUES AND PROBLEMS
What challenges did the vast size and
diversity of the Muslim Empire present
Muslim rulers? (7.2.4)
11. UNDERSTANDING CAUSE AND EFFECT
How did the arrival of people from
other lands affect al-Andalus? (7.9.7)
12. MAKING INFERENCES How did
al-Andalus serve as a meeting place
for cultures? (7.2.6)
ALTERNATIVE ASSESSMENT
1. WRITING ACTIVITY Imagine that you are
a scholar working at the House of Wisdom
in Baghdad. Write a letter to friends living
in another part of the Muslim world,
encouraging them to come and study or
work at the House of Wisdom. (7.2.6)
2. INTERDISCIPLINARY ACTIVITY—
ARCHITECTURE Use books or the
Internet to research the common
features in the design of mosques. Use
your findings to create an illustrated
essay on mosque architecture. (7.2.4)
3. STARTING WITH A STORY
Review the way you ended
the story “The Magic of
Baghdad.” Now that you
have read the chapter, think of ways
that you might change your description
of Baghdad. Rewrite your description to
incorporate these changes. (7.2.5)
Reading Charts The chart below shows
some similarities between the Arabic and
Spanish languages. Use the chart and your
knowledge of world history to answer the
questions that follow. (7.2.4)
Arabic and Spanish Words
Arabic
Spanish
al-Andalus
(Muslim Spain)
Andalusia (region
in southern Spain)
al-ruzz
(rice)
arroz
(rice)
al-sukkar
(sugar)
azúcar
(sugar)
al-zayt
(olive oil)
aceite
(olive oil)
al-suffah
(raised platform)
sofá
(couch)
1. Based on information in the
chart, what do you think the
French word sucre means?
A. rice
B. sugar
C. olive oil
D. couch
2. Which of the following is the best
alternative title for the chart?
A. A Cultural Connection
B. A Word Puzzle
C. The Arabs in Spain
D. The Spanish Influence
Technology Activity
4. DESIGNING A WEB SITE
Research other Muslim centers in Spain.
Use your findings to design a Web site
titled “The Muslim Legacy in Spain—
Cities.” The home page should include
some introductory material and links to
pages for each of the cities. City pages
should include annotated pictures that
illustrate the Muslim legacy. (7.2.5)
Research Links
ClassZone.com
Test Practice
ClassZone.com
Additional Test Practice, pp. S1–S33
S1–S36
The Rise of Muslim States • 141