OCCUPATIONAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
SHORT COURSE
For
Papua New Guinea Non-Formal Sector
1m
RAISING FRESH WATER FISH
Prepare pond for stocking with fish
AF012iii
RATIONALE
p o box 1097, waigani
national capital district
papua new guinea.
tel: (675) 323 2633
fax: (675) 323 0944
NOT FOR SALE
This short course was developed in response to a Training Needs
Analysis that was conducted by the Department of Community
Development and Skills Training Resource Unit to Provinces in the
Highlands, New Guinea Islands and Momase regions. Fresh water
fish farming on a small scale can be an alternative means of
sustaining basic family needs. For those who wish to obtain skills in
raising fresh water fish, there are many benefits that can be
achieved to sustain the family, such as extra income from sale of
fresh fish, good source of food for the family etc. There are 5
modules in this short course.
The development of this short course was sponsored by the ADB-PNG
EMPLOYMENT SKILLS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (EOSDP) and
produced by curriculum officers at the SKILLS TRAINING RESOURCES
UNIT (STRU)
preparing pond for stocking with fish
Table of contents
CONTENTS
Page no
Module Cover
1
Competency profile
3
Curriculum guide
4
Appendix 1
5
Appendix 2
5
Appendix 3
5
Appendix 4
5
Instructional notes
5-9
Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
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preparing pond for stocking with fish
Program:
FISHERIES
Course:
RAISING FRESH WATER FISH
Module code:
AF012iii
Modules title:
Preparing pond for stocking with fish
Module 1:
Introduction to fresh
water fish farming
Module 2:
Constructing a fish
pond
Module 3:
Preparing pond for
stocking with fish
Module 4:
Care of fish and pond
Module 5:
Harvesting your
fish
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Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
preparing pond for stocking with fish
Competency Profile: Raising fresh water fish
Duties
Task
A. Introduction
to fresh water
fish farming
A1. Reasons
for raising fish
A2. Identify
type of fish
to raise
A3. Identify type
of fish farming
system to use
A4. Factors to
consider before
starting a fish project
B. Construct a
fish pond
B1. Select
site
B2. Test the
soil
B3. Construct the
pond
B4. Construct
the inlet
B5. Construct
the outlet
B6. Construct
the pond
B7. Make the
screen
C. Preparing
pond for
stocking with
fish
C1. Fill pond
with water
C2. Fertilize
water in the
pond
C3. Determine
fertility of the
pond
D. Care of fish
and pond
D1. Put fish
to pond
D2. Feed
fish
E. Harvesting
your fish
E1. Ways of
harvesting
fish
D3. Care of fish
Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
D4. Care of
pond
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preparing pond for stocking with fish
CURRICULUM GUIDE
Program:
Course:
MOdule code:
FISHERIES
RAISING FRESH WATER FISH
AF012iii
Modules:
Preparing pond for stocking with fish
Duration:
2 hours 20 minutes
Content:
C1: Fill the pond with water
Dig ditch
Fill pond
C2:
-
Fertilize water in the pond
Make crib
Materials used for fertilizer
Make compost
Apply fertilizer
C3: Check the fertility of the pond
Colour of a fertile pond
Check fertility
4
Pre-requisite:
There are no pre-requisites to this module.
Method:
This module should be delivered using the following
Methodologies:
•
Lecture
•
Demonstration
•
Practical activity
•
Discussion
Instructor:
The
•
•
•
Assessment method:
The participant will be assessed using the following
assessment approaches:
•
Written/Oral tests
•
Demonstration of practical tasks through activities
•
Direct Observation
Assessment condition:
-
All materials and equipments will be provided
Assessment will be conducted in farm environment
REFERENCES:
1)
FAO Better farming series-27
Fresh water fish farming, 1982
2)
Highlands Aquaculture Development Centre
A Guide to Carp Fish Farming, 1995
ideal instructor to deliver this course
should have a Certificate in Fisheries Operations
Must have gone through Training Methodologies
Or must be an experienced fresh water fish farmer
Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
preparing pond for stocking with fish
APPENDIX 1: Training and Assessment guide
Task C1: Fill pond with water
Suggested minimum instructional time: 40 minutes
Learning outcomes
1.1 Demonstrate filling of pond with water
Teaching strategy:
Learning activities for the trainee must include
the instructor to:
• Explain and demonstrate filling of pond with
water through the inlet pipe.
Assessment condition:
Trainee must be given access to:
i) information and handouts
ii) pond and water source
Assessment criteria:
1.1.1 Ditch is dug to allow water into the pond.
1.1.2 Water is applied to the pond through
correct procedures as stated in this
module.
Assessment method:
To demonstrate achievement of the above criteria
the trainee will be given:
• oral questions
• or written questions
• practical activity
APPENDIX 2: Training and Assessment guide
Task C2: Fertilize water in the pond
Suggested minimum instructional time: 2 hours
Learning outcomes
2.1 Construct a crib for putting fertilizer
2.2 Identify materials used to fertilize the
pond
2.3 Make compost
2.4 Apply fertilizer to the pond
Teaching strategy:
Learning activities for the trainee must include
the instructor to:
• Demonstrate construction of crib.
• Identify and explain the types of material used
for fertilizing pond.
• Explain and demonstrate compost making.
• Explain and demonstrate the application of
fertilizer to the pond.
iii) prepare compost
iv) spade
Assessment criteria:
2.1.1 A crib is constructed in the pond.
2.2.1 Materials used for identifying pond are
identified.
2.3.1 Compost is constructed according to
instructions.
2.4.1 Fertilizer is applied to pond according to
instructions.
Assessment method:
To demonstrate achievement of the above criteria
the trainee will be given:
• Oral questions
• or written questions
• practical activity
APPENDIX 3: Training and Assessment guide
Task C3: Determine fertility of pond
Suggested minimum instructional time: 40 minutes
Learning outcomes
3.1 Determine the fertility of the pond.
Teaching strategy:
Learning activities for the trainee must include
the instructor to:
• Demonstrate each method of testing the
soil for water retention ability.
• Explain the result of each test
Assessment condition:
Trainee must be given access to:
i) Information and handouts
Assessment criteria:
3.1.1 Pond fertility is determined using simple
hand test.
Assessment method:
To demonstrate achievement of the above criteria
the trainee will be given:
• practical activity
Assessment condition:
Trainee must be given access to:
i) information and handouts
ii) raw plant and animal waste
Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
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preparing pond for stocking with fish
APPENDIX 4: Instructional notes
Before you let the water into your new pond,
there are a few things that you must do.
Make sure that the screens on the inlet, outlet
and overflow are in place and tight.
If you have built a better outlet with a T or an L
piece, turn it to the upright position.
Put rocks on the bottom of your pond under the
inlet where the water will fall when it begins to
come into the pond.
inlet
outlet
overflow
Make sure that the outlet is tightly closed. To do
this, wrap a wood plug with old cloth, put it in the
outlet pipe on the outside of the pond and tap it
lightly with a hammer so that it will stay in the
pipe when the pond fills with water.
wrap a
wood plug
with cloth
put plug and
cloth in outlet
pipe
This will keep the bottom from washing away. It
will keep the water from getting too muddy. It will
make the water splash when it first comes into
the pond and bring air for the fish to breathe.
Now you are ready to fill your pond.
C1. Fill the pond with water
Dig a small ditch from the water source to the
inlet to bring the water to your pond.
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Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
preparing pond for stocking with fish
Let the water run into the pond until it reaches
the level of the overflow pipe on the inside of the
pond.
overflow top of bank
water line
outlet
cross section
If your inlet pipe is about 10 centimetres in
diameter, you will need about half a day to fill
your pond.
When the water reaches the level of the overflow
pipe it will be about 60 centimetres deep at the
shallow upper part of the pond and about 90
centimetres deep at the deepest part.
fill to water line
and pack down well
C2. Fertilize water in the pond
You can fertilize the water in your new pond with
• compost made with animal manure
• compost made with plant material
• or both
You can fertilize your pond with animal or plant
compost
The following instruction below tells you how to
make animal compost. If you do not have animal
manure, you can fertilize your pond with compost
made with plant material.
To make compost with plant material make a
compost pile using layers of grass, chopped
leaves or other plant material mixed with a little
topsoil and damp it with water to make it rot
faster.
water
top soil
layers of
grass chopped
leaves or
other plant
materials
How to make compost
Make a compost pile near the pond. Put it in a
shady place protected from rain.
Now you are ready to fertilize the water in your
pond.
Build a crib from bamboo or wood to hold the
fertilizer. Build it in one corner in the shallow part
of the pond. The drawing below will show you
how.
1m
Make your pile in layers. Make the first layer of
grass or leaves mixed with a spadeful of topsoil,
and damp it with water to make it rot faster.
Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
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preparing pond for stocking with fish
Then make a second layer of animal manure
mixed with a spadeful of topsoil and some water.
grass or
leaves
Keep your compost pile damp by watering it
every few days.
Let the compost pile rot for about a month.
animal
manure
Use animal manure from sheep, goats, cattle,
pigs, chickens or ducks, spoiled fruit, and
household garbage, ashes from the fireplace or
night soil.
Take compost from the bottom of the pile, or the
old part of the pile, where it is most rotten, to put
in your pond.
Add new layers to your pile every week so that
you will always have compost.
If you have too much compost you can use some
to fertilize your land.
Putting fertilizer into the crib
When you first put fertilizer into your crib, pack it
down well and fill the crib to the water line. This
will be about 60 centimetres deep in the shallow
part of the pond.
Then make another layer of grass or leaves, and
another of manure, until you have a large pile.
fill to water line
and pack down well
If you are going to use compost, you will need
enough to fill your crib at the beginning and later
you will need enough compost to add about a
bucket each week.
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Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
preparing pond for stocking with fish
If you are going to use animal manure, you will
need about two buckets to put in your crib at the
beginning. Mix the two buckets of animal manure
with enough fresh plant material to fill your crib
to the water line. Later, you will need enough
animal manure to add about a bucket each week.
If you are going to use plant material or compost
made with plant material, you will need enough
to fill your crib at the beginning and later you will
need enough to keep the crib full to the water
line.
C3. Determine fertility of the pond
If you fertilize your pond with animal compost or
animal manure, the water will start to turn green
in two or three days. If you fertilize your pond
with plant compost or plant material, it will take
one week or longer.
When the water begins to turn green, you will
know that natural food is growing in your pond. It
will take about a week to become green enough.
You can make a simple test to be sure that the
water is green enough. Put your arm in the water
up to your elbow. If you are just able to see the
ends of your fingers, the water is green enough.
Employment Oriented Skills Development Project - Skills Training Resource Unit
9
p o box 1097, waigani
national capital district
papua new guinea.
tel: (675) 323 2633
fax: (675) 323 0944
The development of this short course was
sponsored by the ADB-PNG
EMPLOYMENT SKILLS DEVELOPMENT
PROJECT (EOSDP) and produced by
curriculum officers at the SKILLS
TRAINING RESOURCES UNIT (STRU)