STATUS OF THE SDGs AND THE
Post-2015 PROCESSES
Presentation by UN, RC during the Seminar organized
by SDSN/Great Lakes & UR Kigali , July 17, 2015
Structure of the Presentation : 3 Major
parts
1.The MDGs : Rationale and overview of
progress.
2. The birth of the Post-2015 agenda ,
formulation process and where we are now.
3 . Key Actors and their roles during the
implementation of the SDGs
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The MDGs : Rationale and overview of
progress
•  The MDGs were integral part of the
Millennium Declaration adopted on
September 8th, 2000 by 189 Head of States
and Governments
•  The Declaration defined a new common
vision for the 21st century global
development and international cooperation
architecture
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The MDGs : Rationale and overview of
progress (Ctnued)
•  Why the declaration at that time ?
The UNSG and leaders wanted to address major
Development challenges of the last years of the 20th
century incl.
•  Poverty, hunger and literacy problems,
•  Rising inequalities and epidemics such as HIV/AIDs,
malaria and tuberculosis,
•  Worsening environmental problem and decline of
ODA with rising debt service payments.
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The MDGs : Rationale and overview of
progress (Ctnued)
What have been the progress and shortcomings over
the last almost 15 years of MDGs?
The MDGs implementation has had mixed results:
•  In 1990, 43.5% of people in developing countries
lived on less than $1.25 a day.
•  By the end of this year, this is projected to fall to
13.4%, exceeding the MDG target of halving extreme
poverty, except in SSA which is likely to see extreme
poverty fall from 56.6% to 40.9% and, at current
rates of progress, will not have halved global poverty
until the mid-2020s
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The MDGs : Rationale and overview of
progress (Ctnued)
•  Greater aid spending and debt relief initiative
that saw LICs’ debt as a proportion of national
income fall from 69% in 2000 to 29% today
•  Above all there has been spectacular progress
on reducing poverty in its many dimensions
though SSA still falls short of most of the
targets
The following two slides show Africa’s MDG
Performance at Glance (2014 Report)
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Goal Status in
SSA Goal 1: Eradicate
extreme poverty and hunger Target 1A: Egypt, Gabon, Guinea, Morocco, Tunisia
Target 1B: Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Togo, Zimbabwe
Off-track Target 1C: Algeria, Benin, Egypt, Ghana, Guinea Bissau,
Mali, South Africa, Tunisia Goal 2: Achieve
universal primary education Indicator 2.1: Algeria, Egypt, Rwanda, São Tomé and
On-track Príncipe
Indicator 2.2: Ghana, Morocco, Tanzania, Zambia Goal 3: Promote
Gender equality and empower women Indicator 3.1: The Gambia, Ghana, Mauritius, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe
On-track Indicator 3.2: Botswana, Ethiopia, South Africa
Indicator 3.3: Angola, Mozambique, Rwanda, Seychelles,
South Africa Goal 4: Reduce child
mortality Off-track Best performing countries, selected targets and indicators Indicators 4.1 and 4.2: Egypt, Liberia, Libya, Malawi,
Rwanda, Seychelles, Tunisia 7
Goal Goal 5: Improve maternal
health Status Best performing countries, selected targets and
indicators Offtrack Target 5A: Equatorial Guinea, Egypt, Eritrea, Libya,
Mauritius, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Tunisia
Target 5B: Egypt, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, TB, Onmalaria and other diseases track Target 6A: Côte d’Ivoire, Namibia, South Africa,
Zimbabwe
Target 6B: Botswana, Comoros, Namibia, Rwanda
Target 6C: Algeria, Cape Verde, Egypt, Libya Mauritius, São Tomé and Príncipe, Sudan, Tunisia Goal 7: Ensure environmental Offsustainability track Target 7A: Egypt, Gabon, Morocco, Nigeria, Rwanda
Target 7C: Algeria, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Comoros,
Egypt, Ethiopia, Libya, Mali, Mauritius, Namibia,
Swaziland Goal 8: Global partnership for Offdevelopment track Target 8F: Kenya, Libya, Rwanda, Seychelles, Sudan,
Uganda, Zambia 8
HOWEVER the shining experience of
Rwanda is quite unique!
•  The world will not achieve many key MDGs in full,
including those for hunger, child mortality, primary
school enrolment, and in particular maternal mortality;
•  The MDGs are also criticized for being unbalanced.
Many African governments believe the agenda has
focused too much on social indicators rather than on
the broader economic transformation their citizens
demand
•  The World has gone backwards on environmental
sustainability
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The birth of the Post-2015 agenda ,
formulation process and where we are
now
•  All begun with Rio+20 Summit on SD in 2012
At the summit , it was agreed that a set of new
15 years global goals should be devised and
focus on triple dimensions of SD: economic,
social and environmental
•  Since then, intensive intergovernmental and open
working group negotiations followed and the 30member Open Working Group of the General
Assembly (OWG) came up with a proposal of
17 SDGs with 69 targets and over 300 indicators
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The birth of the Post-2015 agenda ,
formulation process and where we are now
(Ctnued)
•  Parallel to the work of the OWG were a series of
intergovernmental negotiations, thematic
consultations in selected countries through
seminars, social media,….
•  Rwanda was selected on Building effective
institutions thematic area and also among the
very few countries worldwide that made
illustrative pilot of the new Governance related
SDG
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THE 8 MDGS
1.  Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2.  Achieve universal primary education
3.  Promote gender equality and empower women
4.  Reduce child mortality
5.  Improve maternal health
6.  Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
7.  Ensure environmental sustainability
8.  Develop a global partnership for development
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THE 17 proposed SDGs
1.  End poverty in all its forms everywhere
2.  End hunger, achieve food security and improved
nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture
3.  Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for
all at all ages
4.  Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education
and promote life-long learning opportunities
for all
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THE SDGs (Cnued)
5.  Achieve gender equality and empower all women
and girls;
6.  Ensure availability and sustainable management
of water and sanitation for all
7.  Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable,
and modern energy for all
8.  Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable
economic growth, full and productive
employment and decent work for all
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THE SDGs (Cnued)
9.  Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive
and sustainable industrialization and
foster innovation
10. Reduce inequality within and among countries
11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive,
safe, resilient and sustainable
12. Ensure sustainable consumption and
production patterns
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THE SDGs (Cnued)
13. Take urgent action to combat climate change
and its impacts
14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas
and marine resources for
sustainable development
15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of
terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage
forests, combat desertification, and halt and
reverse land degradation and halt
biodiversity loss
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THE SDGs (Cnued)
16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for
sustainable development, provide access to
justice for all and build effective,
accountable and inclusive institutions at
all levels
17. Strengthen the means of implementation
and revitalize the global partnership for
sustainable development
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10 Key differences between the MDGs
and the SDGs
1.  “Zero” Goals as opposed to halving targets with MDGs
2.  Universal goals unlike the MDGs mostly applicable to
poor countries
3.  More comprehensive going beyond the symptoms of
poverty, to issues of peace, stability, human rights and
good governance.
4.  More inclusive and participatory goal setting
5.  The SDGs unambiguously distinguish hunger from
poverty and treat poverty separately from food and
nutrition security
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10 Key differences between the MDGs
and the SDGs (Cnued)
6. Funding SDGs is not limited to aid flows but also focuses
on accruing capacities to generate resources domestically
7. Inclusion of Peace building and governance goal which
was ignored in the MDGs
8. Data revolution with high level of disaggregation
9. Beyond quantity to promote quality education
10. Address at best the three pillars :empowering women,
mobilizing everyone, and partnering with local government
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Six essential elements for delivering
the SDGs and their underlying goals
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Where we are now
•  Reflections about means of implementation(MOI) which
include crucial issues like financing, technology, capacity
building, partnerships, and data
•  Since the beginning of 2015 a number of events happened
to discuss about all the outstanding issues linked with MOI
•  A series of Inter-governmental negotiations have been going
on and the current focus is on the preparation of the
outcome document which will mark the SDGs adoption
during the Sept 2015 UNGA
•  Major event on Financing for Sustainable Development
International Conference just concluded in Addis Ababa from
13-16 July 2015 but discussions on Financing needs to
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continue esp. at country level
Who are the key actors in the
implementation of the SDGs
“The new agenda must become part of the contract btn
people , including Civil Society and responsible business and
their governments(….) “. UN SG , Post 2015 Synthesis
Report
Diversity of actors but let’s mention some of them:
•  Governments
•  Parliamentarians
•  Private Sector
•  Civil Society and academic and research institutions
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What role should the Government play
during the SDGs implementation?
•  Coordinate localisation of the SDGs targets by their
mainstreaming into national development
Strategies
•  Mainstreaming is not just all about having a single
indicator matching with a given goal but it should
instead be as systematic as possible for all the
targets
•  Put in place conducive regulatory and policy
framework for the SDGs implementation
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How can parliamentarians enforce that
Social contract embedded in the SDGs ?
•  Parliamentarians as representatives of the
PEOPLE they must enforce effective
implementation of the SDGs and hold the Govt
accountable
•  This can be done through their triple zone of
influence: lawmaking, budgeting, and oversight
functions
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The role of Science (academic and
research institutions)
•  Science is very crucial in achieving SD BY
Ø  Providing basis for new sustainable approaches , solutions
and technologies to meet the challenges of SD
Ø  Communicating the
new science based innovations,
sustainable solutions and linking up with private sector &
Govts for their deployment
Ø  The scientific community successfully worked with policy
makers in setting meaningful and feasible SDGs supported
by scientific evidence . The same partnership is needed in
their monitoring and evaluation
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Engaging the private Sector in the
Post-2015 Agenda
•  The OWG proposed a goal that clearly identifies private
sector through industries as a driver for devpt, i.e.: “ Build
resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable
industrialization and foster innovation”. SDG 9
•  Enhance Public Private Partnership (PPP) and also
incorporate sustainability criteria in their ways of doing
business
•  Mobilizing private financial resources and investment and
flexibly allow re-allocation towards more sustainable areas
of investment (geographically or type based)
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What should DPs including the UN do to
support all the actors fulfil their roles?
The UN and other DPs must continue to strategically
empower SDGs implementation players through:
ü  The provision of information and knowledge of
international best practices and concrete examples
from other countries;
ü  Long-term capacity development
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The role of Civil Society
•  The Civil Society will also be very important
to hold all of us actors accountable and for
pushing us further towards Sustainable
Development
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THE END
MURAKOZE CYANE
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