Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook
January 23, 2017
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Aromatic Hydrocarbons are made up of a chain of
carbon molecules that forms a ring
Most common aromatic is benzene
Benzene, C6H6, is made up of a 6 carbon chain
which forms a ring of alternating single and
double bonds
May 1­6:41 PM
Properties of Hydrocarbons
Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
Alkanes
Alkenes
Alkynes
Aromatics
Saturated hydrocarbons have only single bonds
and are "saturated" with hydrogen atoms, all
carbon bonds are filled
Unsaturated hydrocarbons have double or triple
bonds within the molecule
May 2­12:45 PM
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Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook
January 23, 2017
Properties of Organic Molecules
Many hydrocarbons have isomers
Isomers - molecules that have the same molecular formula
but a different structural formula
Isomers of hydrocarbons differ in the length of the
carbon chain or the position of a double or triple bond
Ex. C4H10 is an alkane that has 2 isomers
May 2­12:52 PM
Drawing, Identifying & Naming Hydrocarbons
Aim: To be able to name and draw straight chain hydrocarbons
May 2­1:08 PM
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Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook
January 23, 2017
Drawing Hydrocarbons
When drawing hydrocarbons the most important thing is to make sure that all carbon atoms have 4 bonds!!
Drawing alkanes ­ all elements in the molecule are connected by single bonds
The easiest way to draw an alkane is to make a straight chain of carbon atoms then fill in the hydrogens to give all carbons 4 bonds.
butane C4H10
hexane C6H14
pentane C5H12
octane C8H18
Apr 25­6:23 PM
Drawing Hydrocarbons
Drawing alkenes ­ place the double bond after the # of the carbon atom in the name. All other elements in the molecule are connected by single bonds
2­butene C4H8
ethene
C 2H 4
1­propene C3H6
2­pentene C5H10
Apr 25­6:23 PM
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Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook
January 23, 2017
Drawing Hydrocarbons
Drawing alkynes ­ place the triple bond after the # of the carbon atom in the name.
All other elements in the molecule are connected by single bonds
2­butyne C4H6
2­pentyne C5H8
3­hexyne C6H10
3­octyne C8H14
Apr 25­6:23 PM
Naming Alkanes
Name Alkanes
1) Determine the carbon chain length or the number of carbons.
2) Find the prefix on table P that represents the chain length
3) Add an ­ane to the ending.
a) C3H8
propane
b) C5H12
c)
pentane
octane
Apr 25­7:33 PM
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Drawing and Naming Straight Hydrocarbons.notebook
January 23, 2017
Naming Alkenes
1) Determine the carbon chain length or the number of carbons
2) Find the prefix on table P that represents the chain length
3) Add an ­ene to the ending.
4) Identify the carbon that the double bond is attached to. Write the number in the beginning of the name.
a)
c)
2­pentene
b)
1­heptene
d)
1­propene
2­butene
May 2­5:26 PM
Naming Alkynes
1) Determine the carbon chain length or the number of carbons
2) Find the prefix on table P that represents the chain length
3) Add an ­yne to the ending.
4) Identify the carbon that the triple bond is attached to. Write the number in the beginning of the name.
a)
c)
2­butyne
1­propyne
d)
b)
2­pentyne
4­octyne
May 2­5:26 PM
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