Force and Motion
Force, Motion, and Energy
Key Concept 1: Pushing and pulling can cause an object to
change positions and to move.
Passage
A _____________ is a push or a pull. When you kick a soccer ball, you are
applying a push to the ball. If you did nothing to the ball, could it move by
itself? When you drag a sled up a snow-covered hill, you are ___________ on
the sled. When you kick the soccer ball, you ______________ it forward. Both
the ball and the sled _______________ positions when you apply the force.
Where else can you see pushes and pulls?
Word Bank:
force
pushing
position
move
pulling
standing
change
movement
Illustration
Think of one example of a force you used today. Draw and label. 1
Force and Motion
Force, Motion, and Energy
Key Concept 2: Work happens when a force is used to
move an object over a distance.
Passage
In science, there is a word with an extra special meaning. ___________
happens when a force moves an object over a ______________. Imagine
pushing a box that has five books in it. Now imagine pushing a box with 50
books! The box with __________ books requires more force to move. A lot
more _______________ is needed because you have to use extra force to
push the heavier box. Have you ever pushed an empty grocery cart or
wagon? How easy is it to move these objects when they are full?
Word Bank:
force
push
less
more
pull
distance
work
effort
Illustration
Draw an example of a situa:on where work is used. 2
Force and Motion
Force, Motion, and Energy
Key Concept 3: Tools, such as swings, balls, pulleys, and
wagons, can be used to help move objects.
Passage
Imagine having to pull an engine out of a car. You would need help! A
_________________ ______________________ is a tool that makes work
easier. With these items, the amount of work you do doesn’t change. What
changes is the _______________ of force you apply. A ______________ is a
wheel with a rope wrapped around it. This tool can be used to lift heavy
objects, such as an engine out of a car. Lighter objects, such as window
blinds, can also be raised with the help of one of these tools. Can you think
of other tools that help us move objects?
Word Bank:
work
tools
increase pulley
amount
swings
simple machine
force
Illustration
Look around your school or home. Are there any addi:onal simple machines that help you li=/raise objects using less work? 3