Bibliography on Antonymy and Related Issues
Atlas, Jay David. 1984. Comparative adjectives and adverbials of degree: An
introduction to radically radical pragmatics. Linguistics and Philosophy 7:
347-377.
Beckwith, Richard, and George A. Miller. 1990. Implementing a lexical network.
International Journal of Lexicography 3(4):302-312.
Bierwisch, Manfred. 1967. Some semantic universals of German adjectivals.
Foundations of Language 3: 1–36.
Bierwisch, Manfred. 1989. The semantics of gradation. In Manfred Bierwisch, and
Ewald Lang, eds., Dimensional Adjectives, 71–262. Springer, Berlin.
Bierwisch, Manfred, and Ewald Lang,. eds. 1989. Dimensional Adjectives:
Grammatical Structure and Conceptual Interpretation. Berlin: Springer.
Bolinger, Dwight. 1967. Adjectives in English: Attribution and predication. Lingua 18:
1-34.
Bolinger, Dwight. 1972. Degree words. The Hague: Mouton.
Boucher, Jerry, and Charles E. Osgood. 1969. The Pollyanna Hypothesis. Journal of
Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 8: 1–8.
Brewer, William F., and J. Brandon Stone. 1975. Acquisition of spatial antonym pairs.
Journal of Experimental Psychology 19: 299-307.
Bäcklund, Ulf. 1973. The Collocation of Adverbs of Degree in English (Studia
Anglistica Upsaliensia 13) Uppsala: Uppsala University.
Casagrande, J. B. and K. L. Hale. 1967. Semantic relations in Papago folk definitions.
In Dell Hymes and William E. Bittle, eds., Studies in southwestern
ethnolinguistics, 165-193. The Hague: Mouton.
Charles, Walter G. and George A. Miller. 1989. Contexts of antonymous adjectives.
Applied Psychology 10: 357-375.
Charles, Walter G., Marjorie A. Reed, and Douglas Derryberry. 1994. Conceptual and
associative processing in antonymy and synonymy. Applied Psycholinguistics 15:
329-354.
Church, Kenneth Ward and Patrick Hanks. 1990. Word association norms, mutual
information, and lexicography. Computational Linguistics 16: 22-29.
Clark, Eve V. 1973. What’s in a Word? On the Child’s Acquisition of Semantics in his
First Language. In Timothy E. Moore, ed., Cognitive Development and the
Acquisition of Language, 65-110, New York: Academic Press.
Clark, Eve V. 1974. Normal states and evaluative viewpoints.” Language 50:316-332.
Clark, Herbert H. 1970. Word associations and linguistic theory. In John Lyons, ed.,
New Horizons in Linguistic Theory. London: Penguin.
Clark, Herbert H. 1973. Space, time, semantics, and the child. In Timothy E. Moore, ed.,
Cognitive Development and the Acquisition of Language, 26-73. New York:
Academic Press.
Colston, Herbert, 1999. Not good’’ is ‘‘bad’’ but ‘‘not bad’’ is not ‘‘good’’: An analysis
of three accounts of negation asymmetries. Discourse Processes 28: 237–256.
Cooper, W. E., and J. R. Ross. 1975. World order. In R. E. Grossman, L. J. San, and T. J.
Vance, eds., Papers from the Parasession on functionalism. Chicago: Chicago
Linguistic Society.
Cresswell, M. J. 1977. The semantics of degree. In Barbara Partee, ed., Montague
grammar, 261–292. New York: Academic Press.
Croft, William, and D. Alan Cruse. 2004. Cognitive Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Cruse, D. Alan, and Pagona Togia. 1995. Towards a cognitive model of antonymy.
Lexicology 1: 113-141.
Cruse, D. Alan. 1976. Three classes of antonym in English. Lingua 38: 281-292.
Cruse, D. Alan. 1980. Antonyms and gradable complementaries. In Dieter Kastovsky,
ed., Perspektiven der lexikalishen Semantik. Bonn: Bouvier Verlag.
Cruse, D. Alan. 1986. Lexical Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cruse, D. Alan. 1992. Antonymy revisited: some thoughts on the relationship between
words and concepts. In Adrienne Lehrer and Eva Feder Kittay, eds., Frames,
Fields, and Contrasts: New Essays in Semantic and Lexical Organization,
289-306. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Cruse, D. Alan. 1994. Prototype theory and lexical relations. Rivista di linguistica
6:167-88.
Deese, James. 1965. The structure of associations in language and thought. Baltimore,
MD: The Johns Hopkins Press.
Edmundson, H. P., and M. N. Epstein. 1972. Research on synonymy and antonymy: a
model and its representation. (Research report TR-185.) College Park: University
of Maryland Computer Science Center.
Evans, Michael J. 1984. Complementarity, antonymy, and semantic development: a
method and some data. In Carol Larson Thew and Carolyn Echols Johnson, eds.
Proceedings of the Second International Congress for the Study of Child
Language, 142-62. Lanham, MD: University Presses of America.
Evens, Martha W., Bonnie E. Littowitz, Judith A. Markowitz, Raoul N. Smith, and
Oswald Werner. 1980. Lexical-semantic relations: a comparative survey.
Edmonton, Canada: Linguistic Research Inc.
Fellbaum, Christiane, Derek Gross, and Katherine Miller. 1993. Adjectives in WordNet.
In Five papers on WordNet, ftp://ftp.cogsci.princeton.edu/pub/wordnet/5papers.ps.
Fellbaum, Christiane, ed. 1998. WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database. Cambridge,
MA: MIT Press,.
Fellbaum, Christiane. 1995. Co-occurrence and antonymy. International Journal of
Lexicography 8: 281-303.
Fillmore, Charles J. 1982 Frame Semantics. In Linguistic Society of Korea, ed.,
Linguistics in the Morning Calm. Seoul: Hanshin Publishing. 111-138.
Fillmore, Charles J. 1985. Frames and the semantics of understanding. Quaderni di
Semantica 11: 222-254.
Fillmore, Charles, Paul Kay & Mary Catherine O’Connor. 1988. Regularity and
idiomaticity in grammatical constructions: The case of let alone. Language 64:
501-538.
Fong, Sandiway. 2004. Semantic Opposition and WORDNET. Journal of Logic,
Language and Information 13: 159–171
Gazzaniga, Michael S., and George A. Miller. 1989. The recognition of antonymy by a
language-enriched right hemisphere. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 1:
187-193.
Geckeler, Horst. 1971. Strukturelle Semantik und Wortfeldtheorie. München: Fink.
Giora, Rachel, 2006. Anything negatives can do affirmatives can do just as well, except
for some metaphors. Journal of Pragmatics 38: 981–1014.
Giora, Rachel, Noga Balaban, Ofer Fein, Inbar Alkabets, 2005. Negation as positivity in
disguise. In H. L. Colston, and A. Katz, eds., Figurative Language
Comprehension, 233–258. Mahwah, NJ: Laurence Erlbaum.
Giora, Rachel, Ofer Fein, Jonathan Ganzi, Natalie Alkeslassy Levi, Hadas Sabah, 2005.
On negation as mitigation: the case of negative irony. Discourse Processes 39:
81–100.
Givón, Talmy. 1970. Notes on the semantic structure of English adjectives. Language
46: 813-837.
Green, Rebecca, Carol A. Bean, and Sung Hyon Myaeng. 2002. The Semantics of
Relationships: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic
Publishers.
Gross, Derek, Ute Fischer and George A. Miller. 1988. Antonymy and the
representation of adjectival meanings. Cognitive science laboratory report 13,
Dept. of Psychology, Princeton University.
Hale, Kenneth.1971. A note on a Walbiri tradition of antonymy. In Danny D. Steinberg
and Leon A. Jakobovits, eds., Semantics: an interdisciplinary reader in philosophy,
linguistics and psychology, 472-484. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hasson, Uri, and Sam Glucksberg. 2006. Does understanding negation entail
affirmation? An examination of negated metaphors. Journal of Pragmatics 38:
1015–1032.
Hay, Jen, Christopher Kennedy, and Beth Levin. 1999. Scale structure underlies telicity
in ‘degree achievements’. In Tanya Matthews and Devon Strolovitch, eds.,
Proceedings of SALT IX, 127–144. Ithaca, NY: CLC Publications.
Hay, Jen. 1998. The non-uniformity of degree achievements. Paper presented at the
72nd Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America, New York.
Heidenheimer, Patricia. 1978. Logical relations in the semantic processing of children
between six and ten: emergence of antonym and synonym categorization. Child
Development 49: 1243-6.
Heim, Irene. 1985. Notes on comparatives and related matters. Unpublished ms.,
University of Texas, Austin.
Herrmann, D. J., R. J. S. Chaffin, G. Conti, D. Peters and P. H. Robbins. 1979.
Comprehension of antonymy and the generality of categorization models. Journal
of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory 5: 585-97.
Herrmann, D. J., R. J. S. Chaffin, M. P. Daniel and R. S. Wool. 1986, The role of
elements of relation definition in antonymy and synonym comprehension.
Zeitschrift für Psychologie 194: 133-53.
Herrmann, Douglas J., and Roger Chaffin. 1986. Comprehension of semantic relations
as a function of the definitions of relations. In F. Klix and H. Hagendorf, eds.,
Human memory and cognitive capabilities, 311-319. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Hirschberg, Julia. 1985. A Theory of Scalar Implicature. Ph.D. dissertation, University
of Pennsylvania.
Holleman, Bregje, 2000. The Forbid/Allow Asymmetry: On the Cognitive Mechanisms
Underlying Wording Effects in Surveys. Amsterdam/Atlanta, GA: Rodopi.
Horn, Laurence, 2004. Implicature. In Laurence Horn and Gregory Ward., eds., The
Handbook of Pragmatics, 3–28. Oxford: Blackwell.
Horn, Laurence, Kato, Yasuhiko. 2000. Introduction: negation and polarity at the
millennium. In Horn, Laurence, Kato, Yasuhiko, eds., Negation and Polarity.
Syntactic and Semantic Perspectives, 1–19. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Horn, Lawrence R. 1989. A natural history of negation. Chicago: The University of
Chicago Press.
Ikegami, Yoshihiko. 1982. Source vs goal: A case of linguistic dissymmetry. In R. N. St.
Clair and W. von Raffler-Engel, eds., Language and Cognitive Styles: Patterns of
Neurolinguistic and Psycholinguistic Development, 292-308. Lisse: Swets and
Zeitlinger.
Israel, Michael, 2001. Minimizers, maximizers and the rhetoric of scalar reasoning.
Journal of Semantics 18: 297–331.
Israel, Michael, 2004. The pragmatics of polarity. In Laurence Horn and Gregory Ward
eds., The Handbook of Pragmatics, 701–723. Oxford: Blackwell.
Jones, Steven, Lynne Murphy, Carita Paradis and Caroline Willners. Ms. Googling for
opposites: A web-based study of antonym canonicity.
Jones, Steven, and M. Lynne Murphy. 2005. Using corpora to investigate antonym
acquisition. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics. 10: 401-422.
Jones, Steven. 2002. Antonymy: A Corpus-based Perspective. London: Routledge.
Justeson, John S. and Slava M. Katz. 1991. Co-occurrences of antonymous adjectives
and their contexts. Computational Linguistics 17: 1-19.
Justeson, John S. and Slava M. Katz. 1992. Redefining antonymy: The textual structure
of a semantic relation. Literary and Linguistic Computing 7:176-184.
Kamp, J. A. W. 1975. Two theories of adjectives. In Edward Keenan, ed., Formal
semantics of natural language, 123–155. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Kastovsky, Dieter. 1982. ‘Privative opposition’ and lexical semantics. Studia Anglica
Posnaniensia 14: 29-45.
Kaup, Barbara, 2001. Negation and its impact on the accessibility of text information.
Memory and Cognition 29: 960–967.
Kaup, Barbara, Lüdtke, Jana, Zwaan, Rolf, 2006. Processing negated sentences with
contradictory predicates: Is a door that is not open mentally closed? Journal of
Pragmatics 38: 1033–1050.
Kaup, Barbara, Zwaan, Rolf, 2003. Effects of negation and situational presence on
accessibility of text information. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning,
Memory and Cognition 29: 439–446.
Kennedy, Christopher, and Beth Levin. Telicity corresponds to degree of change.
Unpublished ms., Northwestern University and Stanford University.
Kennedy, Christopher, and Louise McNally. 1999. From event structure to scale
structure: Degree modification in deverbal adjectives. In Tanya Matthews and
Devon Strolovitch, eds., Proceedings from SALT IX, 163–180. Ithaca, NY: CLC
Publications.
Kennedy, Christopher, and Louise McNally. 2005. Scale structure and the semantic
typology of gradable predicates. Language 81: 345–381.
Kennedy, Christopher. 1999a. Gradable adjectives denote measure functions, not partial
functions. Studies in the Linguistic Sciences 29: 65–80.
Kennedy, Christopher. 1999b. Projecting the adjective: The syntax and semantics of
gradability and comparison. New York: Garland.
Kennedy, Christopher. 2001a. On the monotonicity of polar adjectives. In Jack
Hoeksema, Hotze Rullmann, Víctor Sánchez-Valencia, and Ton van der Wouden,
eds., Perspectives on negation and polarity items, 201–221. Amsterdam: John
Benjamins.
Kennedy, Christopher. 2001b. Polar opposition and the ontology of ‘degrees’.
Linguistics and Philosophy 24: 33–70.
Kennedy, Christopher. 2007. Vagueness and grammar: the semantics of relative and
absolute gradable adjectives. Linguistics and Philosophy 30:1–45.
Kiparsky, Paul. 1983. Word formation and the lexicon. In F. A. Ingeman, ed.,
Proceedings of the 1982 Mid-America Linguistics Conference. University of
Kansas.
Klein, Ewan. 1980. A semantics for positive and comparative adjectives. Linguistics
and Philosophy 4:1–45.
Klein, Ewan. 1991. Comparatives. In Arnim von Stechow and Dieter Wunderlich, ed.,
Semantik: Ein internationales handbuch der zeitgen¨ossischen forschung. Berlin:
Walter de Gruyter.
Knowles, John. 1974. The degree adverbial. Journal of English Linguistics 8: 21–31.
Koenig, Jean-Pierre. 1992. From frame semantics to constructional syntax: The case of
scalar predicates. In M. Bernstein, ed., Proceedings of ESCOL ’92, 161–172.
Ithaca, NY: CLC Publications.
Kreezer, George, and Karl M. Dallenbach. 1929. Learning the relation of opposition.
American Journal of Philosophy 41: 432-41.
Krifka, Manfred. 1995. The semantics and pragmatics of polarity items. Linguistic
Analysis 25: 209-257.
Krifka, Manfred. 2007. Negated antonyms: Creating and filling the gap. In Uli
Sauerland and Penka Stateva, eds., Presupposition and implicature in
compositional semantics (Palgrave Studies in Pragmatics, Language and
Cognition) , 163-177. Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Kwon, Heok-Seung. 1997a. Negative prefixation from 1300 to 1800: A Case Study in
in-/un- Variation.” ICAME Journal 21: 21-42.
Kwon, Heok-Seung. 1997b. English Negative Prefixation: Past, Present and Future.
Unpublished PhD thesis. The University of Birmingham.
Langacker, Ronald, 1991. Cognitive Grammar. Descriptive Application. Stanford
University Press, Stanford.
Leech, Geoffrey N. 1969. Toward a semantic description of English. Bloomington:
Indiana University Press, London: Longmans.
Leech, Geoffrey N. 1974. Semantics. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Lehrer, Adrienne and K. Lehrer. 1982. Antonymy. Linguistics and Philosophy
5:483-501.
Lehrer, Adrienne. 1978. Structures of the lexicon and transfer of meaning. Lingua 45:
95-123.
Lehrer, Adrienne. 1985. Markedness and antonymy. Linguistics 21: 397-429.
Lehrer, Adrienne. 1993. Semantic fields and frames: Are they alternatives? In Peter Rolf
Lutzeier, ed., Studien zur Wortfeldtheorie, 149-162. Tübingen: M. Niemeyer.
Lehrer, Adrienne. 2002. Paradigmatic relations of exclusion and opposition I: gradable
antonymy and complementarity. In D. A. Cruse, F. Hundsnurcher, M. Job and P. R.
Lutzeier, eds. Handbook of Lexicology, 498-508. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, Barbara. 1998. Negativity as a cognitive and interactional
concept. Studia Anglica Posnaniensia: international review of English Studies.
Lewicka, Maria, Janusz Czapinski, and Guido Peeters. 1992. Positive-negative
asymmetry or ‘When the heart needs a reason.’ European Journal of Social
Psychology 22: 425-434.
Lindner, Susan. 1981. Lexico-semantic analysis of English verb-particle constructions
with up and out. Ph. D. dissertation, University of California, San Diego.
Lindner, Susan. 1982. What goes up doesn't necessarily come down: The ins and outs of
opposites. In Papers from the Eighteenth Regional Meeting, Chicago Linguistic
Society, 305-323. Chicago Linguistic Society, University of Chicago, Chicago.
Ljung, Magnus. 1974. Some remarks on antonymy. Language 50: 74-88.
Ludlow, Peter. 1989. Implicit comparison classes. Linguistics and Philosophy 12:
519–533.
Lyons, John. 1968. Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Lyons, John. 1977. Semantics, vol. 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lyons, John. 1995. Linguistic Semantics: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
MacDonald, Maryellen, and Marcel Just, 1989. Changes in activation levels with
negation. Journal of Experimental Psychology 1: 633–642.
Markman, Ellen M. 1994. Constraints on word meaning in early language acquisition.
Lingua: International Review of General Linguistics 92: 199-227.
Marsh-Stefanowska, Patricia J. 1982. A contrastive study of some morphologically
related opposites in English and Macedonian. Master's thesis, University of
Manchester.
Matsumoto, Yo. 1995. The Conversational Condition on Horn scales. Linguistics and
Philosophy 18: 21-60.
Matsumoto, Yo. 1997. Scales, implicatures, and in fact, if not, and let alone
constructions. In Masatomo Ukaji, Toshio Nakao, Masaru Kajita, and Shuji Chiba,
eds., Studies in English: Festschrift for Professor Akira Ota on the Occasion of
His Eightieth Birthday, 685-699. Tokyo: Taishuukan.
McNally, Louise and Christopher Kennedy. 2002. Degree vs. manner ‘well’: A case
study in selective binding. In Cuadernos de lingüistica IX
McNally, Louise and Christopher Kennedy. 2008. Adjectives and Adverbs: Syntax,
Semantics, and Discourse. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mettinger, Arthur. 1990. Oppositeness of meaning, word-formation, and lexicography.
In Jerry Tomaszczynk and Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, eds., Meaning
and Lexicography, 93-112. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Mettinger, Arthur. 1994. Aspects of Semantic Opposition in English. Oxford: Clarendon
Press.
Miller, George A. and Christiane Fellbaum. 1991. Semantic networks of English.
Cognition 41: 197-229.
Miller, George, ed. 1990. WordNet: An on-line lexical database. International Journal
of Lexicography 3: 235-312.
Muehleisen, Victoria. 1997. Antonymy and Semantic Range. Ph.D. Dissertation,
Northwestern University.
Murphy, Gregory L., and Jane M. Andrew. 1993. The conceptual basis of antonymy and
synonymy in adjectives. Journal of Memory and Language 32: 301-19.
Murphy, M. Lynne. 1994. In Opposition to an Organized Lexicon: Pragmatic Principles
and Lexical Semantic Relations. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, University of
Illinois.
Murphy, M. Lynne. 2000. Knowledge of words versus knowledge about words: the
conceptual basis of lexical relations. In Bert Peeters, ed., The
Lexicon/Encyclopedia Interface, 317-48. (Current research in the
semantics-pragmatics interface 5.) Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Murphy, M. Lynne. 2003. Linguistic and conceptual information in Meaning-Text
Theory: the case against some paradigmatic relations. Proceedings of MTT-2003,
Paris 16-18 June 2003. University of Paris, 11-19.
Murphy, M. Lynne. 2003. Semantic Relations and the Lexicon: Antonyms, Synonyms
and other Semantic Paradigms. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Murphy, M. Lynne. 2006. Antonymy and incompatibility. In Keith Brown, ed.,
Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (2nd ed). Oxford: Elsevier.
Narusawa, Yoshio, and Masaaki Machiya. 1999. Co-occurrence of antonyms—research
based on English corpus. The Tohoku Gakuin University Review. Human,
Linguistic and Information Sciences 124: 13-38.
Nöth, Winfried. 1992. Symmetries and asymmetries between positive and negative
emotion words. In Wilhelm G. Busse, ed., Anglistentag 1991 Düsseldorf:
Proceedings. 72-88. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
Nöth, Winfried. 1997. The semantic space of opposites: Cognitive and localist
foundations. In Kei Yamanaka and Toshio Ohori, eds., The Locus of Meaning:
Papers in Honor of Yoshihiko Ikegami. 63-82. Tokyo: Kurosio Publishers.
Ogden, C. K. 1932. Opposition: A Linguistic and Psychological Analysis. Bloomington:
Indiana University Press.
Osgood, Charles E., G. J. Suci, and P. H. Tannenbaum. 1957. The Measurement of
Meaning. Urbana, Ill.: University of Illinois Press.
Osgood, Charles E., and O. C. S. Tzeng, 1990. Language, meaning, and culture: The
selected papers of C. E. Osgood. New York: Praeger.
Otani, Naoki. 2007. A cognitive study of antonymy: On the stable sense of down in
English. English Linguistics 24: 445-457.
Palmer, Frank R. 1976. Semantics: A New Outline. Cambridge: Cambridge University
Press.
Paradis, Carita, and Caroline Willners. 2006. Antonymy and negation: the boundedness
hypothesis. Journal of Pragmatics, 38:1051-1080.
Paradis, Carita, and Caroline Willners. 2006. Selecting antonyms for dictionary entries:
methodological aspects. In E. Klingvall and S. Manninen, eds., The Department of
English: working papers in English linguistics, vol. V.
Paradis, Carita, and Caroline Willners. 2006. What a corpus-based dictionary tells us
about antonyms. In E. Corino, C. Marello and C. Ornesti, eds., Proceedings XII
Euralex International Congress, vol I. 213-220.
Paradis, Carita, and Caroline Willners. Antonyms in dictionary entries: methodological
aspects. Studia linguistica
Paradis, Carita. (ms) Configurations, construals and change: expressions of degree. In B.
Mendez Naya, ed., English language and linguistics.
Paradis, Carita. 1997. Degree Modifiers of Adjectives. Lund: Lund University Press.
Paradis, Carita. 2000a. It’s well weird. Degree modifiers of adjectives revisited: the
nineties. In J. Kirk, ed., Corpora Galore: Analyses and Techniques in Describing
English, 147–160. Amsterdam and Atlanta: Rodopi.
Paradis, Carita. 2000b. Reinforcing adjectives: a cognitive semantic perspective on
grammaticalization. In Ricardo Bermúdez-Otero, David Denison, Richard M.
Hogg, C. B. McCully, eds., Generative Theory and Corpus Studies, 233–258.
Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Paradis, Carita. 2001. Adjectives and boundedness. Cognitive Linguistics 12: 47-64.
Paradis, Carita. 2003b. Between epistemic modality and degree: the case of really. In R.
Facchinetti, F. Palmer, and M. Krug, eds., Modality in Contemporary English,
191–220. Berlin: Gruyter.
Paradis, Carita. 2005a. Ontologies and construals in lexical semantics. Axiomathes 15:
541–573.
Paradis, Carita. 2005b. Degree modifiers: configurations, construals and change.
Conference paper at New Reflections on Grammaticalization 3, Santiago de
Compostela, Spain, 17–20 July, 2005.
Peeters, Guido. 1992. Evaluative meanings of adjectives in vitro and in context: Some
theoretical implications and practical consequences of positive-negative
asymmetry and behavioral-adaptive concepts of evaluation. Psychologica Belgica
32: 211-231.
Peeters, Guido. 1995. What's negative about hatred and positive about love? On
negation in cognition, affect and behavior. In H. C. M. de Swart and L. J. M.
Bergmans, eds., Perspectives on negation. Essays in honor of Johan J. de Iongh
on his 80th Birthday, 123-133. Tilburg: Tilburg University Press.
Peeters, Guido, and Janusz Czapinski. 1990. Positive-negative asymmetry in
evaluations: The distinction between affective and informational negativity effects.
European Review of Social Psychology 1: 33-60.
Poser, William. 1991. 真 (MA). In Carol Georgopolous and Roberta Ishihara, eds.,
Interdisciplinary Approaches to Language: Essays in Honor of S.-Y. Kuroda,
449-458. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Pustejovsky, James. 1995. The generative lexicon. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Raybeck, Douglas, and Douglas Herrmann. 1990. A cross-cultural examination of
semantic relations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 21: 452-473.
Raybeck, Douglas, and Douglas Herrmann.1996. Antonymy and semantic relations: the
case for a linguistic universal. Cross-Cultural Research 30: 154-183.
Room, Adrian. 1988. A dictionary of contrasting pairs. London: Routledge.
Rotstein, Carmen, and Yoad Winter. 2004. Total adjectives vs. partial adjectives: Scale
structure and higher-order modifiers. Natural Language Semantics 12:259–288.
Sabourin, Laura L. 1998. The interaction of suffixation with synonymy and antonymy.
MA thesis, University of Alberta, Edmonton.
Sapir, Edward, 1949. Grading: a study in semantics. In D. G. Mandelbaum, ed.,
Selected Writings of Edward Sapir in Language, Culture, and Personality,
122–149. University of California, Berkeley.
Seuren, Pieter A. M. 1973. The comparative. In F. Kiefer and N. Ruwet, eds.,
Generative grammar in Europe. Dordrecht: Riedel.
Seuren, Pieter A. M. 1978. The structure and selection of positive and negative gradable
adjectives. In W. M. Jacobsen, Donka Farkas, and K. W. Todrys, eds., Papers
from the Parasession on the Lexicon, Chicago Linguistics Society, 336–346.
Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.
Sicher, Efraim. 1986. Binary oppositions and spatial representation. Semiotica 60:
211-224.
Schwarzschild, Roger, and Karina Wilkinson. 2002. Quantifiers in comparatives: A
semantics of degree based on intervals. Natural Language Semantics 10:1-41.
Tagashira, Yoshiko. 1992. Survival of the positive: History of Japanese antonyms. In D.
Brentari, G. N. Larson and L. A. MacLeod, eds. The Joy of Grammar, 329-336.
Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Tao, Hongyin. 2007. A corpus-based investigation of absolutely and related phenomena
in spoken American English. Journal of English Linguistics 35: 1-25.
Taylor, John R. 1989. Linguistic Categorization: Prototypes in Linguistic Theory.
Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Togia, Pagona. 1996. Antonyms in English and Modern Greek: a cognitive approach.
Doctoral thesis, University of Manchester.
Tottie, Gunnel, 1991. Negation in English Speech and Writing: A Study in Variation.
San Diego: Academic Press.
Tsujimura, Natsuko. 2001. Degree words and scalar structure in Japanese. Lingua 111:
29–52.
Tucker, Gordon H. 1998. The lexicogrammar of adjectives: A systemic functional
approach to lexis. London, New York: Cassell.
Vogel, Anna. 2004. Swedish Dimensional Adjectives. Doctoral thesis, Stockholm
Univeristy.
Von Stechow, Arnim. 1984. Comparing semantic theories of comparison. Journal of
Semantics 3: 1–77.
Warren, Beatrice. 1984. Classifying adjectives. (Gothenburg Studies in English 56).
Goteborg: Gothenburg University.
Warren, Beatrice. 1992. Sense developments. (Stockholm Studies in English 80).
Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.
Westney, Paul. 1986. Notes on Scales. Lingua 69: 333-354.
Weydt, Harald, and Brigitte Schlieben-Lange. 1995. Hoch–tief–niedrig. Primäre und
metaphorische Bedetutungen von antonymischen Adjektiven. In U. Hoinkes, ed.,
Panorama der lexikalischen Semantik. Thematische Festschrift aus Anlaβ des 60:
Geburtstags von Horst Geckeler, 715–743. Tübingen: Narr.
Wilbur, Richard. 1973. Opposites. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Willners, Caroline. 2001. Antonyms in Context. Lund: Lund University.
Wirth, Jessica R. 1983. Toward universal principles of word formation: a look at
antonyms. In Shiroh Hattori and Kazuko Inoue, eds. Proceedings of the XIIIth
International Congress of Linguists (Tokyo 1982), 967-971. Tokyo: CIPL.
Yamanashi, Masa-aki. 2000. Negative inference, space construal, and
grammaticalization. In Lawrence Horn, and Yasuhiko Kato, eds., Negation and
Polarity: Syntactic and Semantic Perspectives, 243–254. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Yumoto, Yoko. 1991. The role of aspectual features in morphology. English Linguistics
8: 104–123.
Zimmer, Karl. 1964. Affixal negation in English and other languages: An investigation
of restricted productivity (Supplement to Word 20:2, Monograph 5).
家口美智子. 2007. 「Very と極限形容詞についての一考察」『日本認知言語学会論文集』
7:171-181.
井上正明・小林利宣. 1985. ｢日本における SD 法による研究分野とその形容詞対尺度構
成の概観｣
『教育心理学研究』33: 253-260.
上野義和. 1984. ｢英語の相補的反義語について｣
『大阪外国語大学学報』 64: 349-356.
大石 亨. 2007. 「日本語形容詞の意味拡張をもたらす認知機構について」『日本認知言
語学会論文集』7: 160-170.
太田 朗.
1980. 『否定の意味—意味論序説』
大修館書店.
荻野綱男・野口美和子. 1996. 「反対語意識の構造」『日本語研究』16: 78-111.
荻野綱男・野口美和子. 1988. 「辞書における反対語記述の問題点」
『ソフトウェア文書
のための日本語処理の研究−９—IPAL(Basic Verbs)をめぐって—』情報処理振興事
業協会, 119-171.
影山太郎. 1990.「日本語と英語の語彙の対照」玉村文郎（編）
『日本語の語彙と意味』
（講
座
日本語と日本語教育 第７巻）1-26. 明治書院.
河上誓作. 1987. 「対義と否定」『日本語学』6, 6: 51-59.
川端元子.
1997.
「広義程度副詞と文末表現—「非常に」「本当に」「実に」を例とし
て—」『国語学』190.
日下部文夫. 1980. 「語彙に構造があるか」
柴田武編『言語の構造』（講座言語 第１
巻）大修館書店.
工藤 浩. 1983.「程度副詞をめぐって」『副用言の研究』176-198 明治書院.
国広哲弥. 1980. 「意味の構造と概念の世界」
柴田武編『言語の構造』（講座言語 第
１巻）大修館書店.
国広哲弥. 1982. 『意味論の方法』大修館書店.
小島義郎. 1981. 「類義語・反意語辞典」『英語青年』127: 62.
酒井（武藤）彩加. 2002. 「『おいしい』の新しい意味と用法−『うまい』
『まずい』と比
較して−」『日本語教育』112 : 25-34.
酒井（武藤）彩加. 2001.「味覚形容詞『甘い』と『辛い』の多義構造」『日本語教育』
110: 42-51.
酒井（武藤）彩加. 2000.「味覚形容詞『渋い』と『苦い』の意味分析−類似性と相違性
の指摘−」『韓日語文論集』（韓日日語日文学会）4: 249-267.
佐野由紀子. 1998.「比較に関わる程度副詞について」『国語学』195: 112-99.
佐野由紀子. 1998. 「程度副詞と主体変化動詞との共起」『日本語科学』3: 7-22.
時 衛国. 1996. 「中国語と日本語における程度副詞の対照研究—程度の小ささを表す副
詞を中心に(一)」『日本語研究』（東京都立大学）16: 52-63.
柴田 武. 1980. 「ことばにおける構造とは何か」
柴田武編『言語の構造』
（講座言語 第
１巻）大修館書店.
柴田 武. 1988. 『語彙論の方法』 三省堂.
柴田 武・山田 進 (編). 『類語大辞典』 講談社.
柴田 武・國廣哲彌・長嶋義郎・山田
進. 1976. 『ことばの意味—辞書に書いていない
こと』 平凡社.
田中章夫. 1987. 「対義構造の性格」『日本語学』6, 6: 17-28.
田中廣明. 1999. 「非程度形容詞の段階的用法」『英語語法文法研究』6: 37-52.
田中敏生. 1998. 「極限への接近—程度副詞「ごく」の意義特性をめぐって」
『四国大学
紀要 人文・社会科学編』9: 151-159.
丹保健一. 1981. 「程度副詞と文末表現」『語学・文学研究』11. 金沢大学
丹保健一. 1991. 「多義語における語義の区切り方をめぐって̶位置形容詞｢高い｣｢低
い｣｢遠い｣｢近い｣の場合—」『三重大学教育学部研究紀要
人文･社会科学』42:
11-32.
恒川元行. 1986. 「前綴化による反義語造語：ドイツ語動詞語義拡大の一パターン」
『千
葉県立衛生短期大学紀要』 4, 2:61-69.
當野能之・呂仁梅. 2003. 「着脱動詞の対照研究：日本語・中国語・英語・スウェーデ
ン語・マラーティー語の比較」『世界の日本語教育. 日本語教育論集』13:127-141,
179,187.
中村哲夫. 1987.「反義語について」野村先生退官記念論文集刊行会編 Spuren, 283-291.
三修社.
中山恵利子.
1996.
「程度副詞の分類の試み—その程度・量・基準により—」
『阪南論
集人文・自然科学編』31.
野村雅昭. 1973. 「否定の接頭辞『無・不・未・非』の用法」『ことばの研究 4』 国立
国語研究所.
服部 匡. 1996. 「程度副詞と比較基準—「多少」,「少し」を中心に」『同志社女子大學
學術研究年報』47,4
稗島一郎. 1990. 『現代英語における強意副詞の研究』
弓書房.
姫野昌子. 1976. 「複合動詞『∼あがる』、
『∼あげる』および下降を表す複合動詞類」
『日
本語学校論集』（東京外国語大学）3
松本
曜.
2007. 「英語反義語の認知意味論的考察」『神戸言語学論叢』5
宮地敦子. 1970. 「対義語の条件—「高し」を中心として」『国語国文』39, 7: 1-13.
宮地敦子. 1977. 「対義語とその周辺—「深し」と「浅し」・「高し」と「深し」」『国
語国文』46, 5: 434-444.
森岡健二. 1982. 「対義語とそのゆれ」『日本語学』1, 1: 47-54.
森本 博・賀集 寛・中田義朗. 1957. 「連想法と Semantic Differential 法とによる意味関
係の研究 : 同意語と反意語の分析」『教育心理学研究』4,3: 1-7.
村木新次郎. 1987. 「対義語の輪郭と条件」『日本語学』 6 月号: 29-41.
山崎幸雄. 1975. 「反義関係に関する一考察」『富山大学文理学部文学科紀要』3: 1-10.
八木孝夫. 1987. 『程度表現と比較構造』大修館書店.
由本陽子. 2005. 『複合動詞・派生動詞の意味と統語』ひつじ書房.
渡辺 実. 2002. 『国語意味論—関連論文集』塙書房.