CHAPTER 13 • SECTION 3
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Plan & Prepare
CTIO
3
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Reading for Understanding
Key Ideas
Objectives
BEFORE, YOU LEARNED
NOW YOU WILL LEARN
• Summarize American support for manifest
destiny
Conflicts between American settlers and
the government of Mexico led Texans
to revolt and win independence from
Mexico in 1836.
Victory in a war with Mexico allowed
Americans to expand the nation across
the continent.
• Describe the war with Mexico
• Explain the impact of victory over Mexico
Vocabulary
Mexican cession Mexican territory
surrendered to the United States at the end of
the war with Mexico
TERMS & NAMES
James K. Polk eleventh president of the
United States who was committed to
westward expansion
Read for the Essential Question
manifest destiny belief that the U.S. was
meant to expand from coast to coast
Help students read for a purpose by reminding
them of the Essential Question: “How did
westward expansion transform the nation?”
Zachary Taylor U.S. general who led the
battle over the disputed territory of the
Rio Grande
Vocabulary
Best Practices Toolkit
Use the Best Practices Toolkit to model
strategies for vocabulary notetaking. Vary
strategies throughout the year. Choose
from: Knowledge Rating, Predicting ABC’s,
Definition Mapping, Word Sort, Word Wheel,
Frayer Model (Word Squares), Magnet
Words, and Student VOC.
Vocabulary Strategies, TT9–TT16
Bear Flag Revolt rebellion by Americans in
1846 against Mexican rule of California
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (gwah•duh•L
OOP•ay hih•DAHL•go) treaty that ended the
war between Texas and Mexico
Visual Vocabulary
(above left) Original 1846 bear flag was replaced by
(above right) state flag of California in 1911.
Strategy
Re-create the diagram shown at
right. As you read and respond to
the KEY QUESTIONS, use the boxes
to show the sequence of events
leading to war with Mexico.
Reading Strategy
SEQUENCE EVENTS
manifest
destiny
Oregon
Territory
See Skillbuilder Handbook, page R5.
to come
Best Practices Toolkit
Display the Sequence Chain transparency.
• Remind students that maps, such as
“Growth of the United States 1783–1853”
in this section, can help them understand
the sequence of events related to manifest
destiny.
• Work with students to preview the section
and find two events leading to war with
Mexico.
• Display the graphic organizer for students
to use as a starting point for their own
diagrams.
Sequence Chain, TT31
GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS
Go to Interactive Review @ ClassZone.com
432 Chapter 13
PRETEACHING VOCABULARY
English Learners
Inclusion
Pronounce and Preview
Guess the Terms and Names
Pronounce each term for students.
Review the meanings of words within
definitions, such as disputed and
rebellion.
Read the terms and their definitions
aloud in groups of three. Have each
group choose one term to paraphrase,
dramatize, or illustrate while the other
students guess which one it is. Cycle
through the terms more than once,
challenging groups to present the terms
in different ways.
• To modify vocabulary learning, have
students complete worksheets as they
read, instead of afterward.
Unit 5 Resource Book
• Building Background Vocabulary,
p. 92
• Vocabulary Practice, p. 91
432 • Chapter 13
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CHAPTER 13 • SECTION 3
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The War with Mexico
One American’s Story
Henry Clay sneered, “Who is James K. Polk
Polk?” Clay had just learned
the name of the Democratic candidate who would run against
him for president in 1844. However, Polk wasn’t a complete
unknown. He had served seven terms in Congress.
Polk was committed to national expansion. He vowed to
annex Texas and take over Oregon. Americans listened and
voted. When the votes were counted, Clay had his answer.
James Knox Polk was the eleventh president of the United
States. On the question of Texas, Polk said:
3-Minute Warm-Up
Write on the board or display the transparency:
• Should a president always seek unanimous
support for his or her plans? Explain.
(Yes—he or she should represent all Americans;
No—he or she can’t try to please everyone.)
Unit 5 Transparency Book
• 3-Minute Warm-Ups, TT6
One American’s Story
More About . . .
James K. Polk
At the 1844 Democratic convention,
former president Martin Van Buren was
the favorite. However, his lack of support
for Texas statehood upset many southern
delegates—resulting in Polk’s nomination.
PRIMARY SOURCE
“
Focus & Motivate
To Texas, the reunion is important because the strong
protecting arm of our government would be extended over
her, and the vast resources of her fertile soil and genial climate
would be speedily developed . . .
”
—James K. Polk, Inaugural Address, 1845
Polk’s ideas about expanding the country captured the attention of Americans. After his election Polk looked for ways to act on his agenda.
James Polk’s presidential
campaign emphasized
expansion of the United
States.
Americans Support Manifest Destiny
KEY QUESTION How did belief in manifest destiny lead to friction overseas?
Land in the West held great promise for Americans. Although populated by
Native Americans and Mexicans, American settlers viewed those lands as
unoccupied. And Americans worried about claims by other nations.
3 Teach
Americans Support Manifest
Destiny
Talk About It
• Why did white settlers view land in the West
as unoccupied? (They didn’t consider lands
populated by Native Americans or Mexicans as
being occupied.)
Dispute over Oregon One country with whom the United States faced
conflict was Great Britain. The United States and Britain shared control of
the northwest Oregon Territory. Many Americans believed that it was their
fate, or destiny, to expand the United States across the continent from ocean
to ocean. In 1845, a newspaper editor, John O’Sullivan, gave a name to that
belief. He called it manifest destiny.
Manifest Destiny 433
• Sequence Events What events in Polk’s
presidency show a belief in manifest destiny?
(Possible Answers: He took half of Oregon
Territory, Texas became a state, and he offered
to buy Texas, California, and New Mexico.)
SECTION 3 PROGRAM RESOURCES
ON LEVEL
Unit 5 Resource Book
• Reading Study Guide, p. 63
• Section Quiz, p. 111
STRUGGLING READERS
Unit 5 Resource Book
• RSG with Additional Support,
p. 71
• Building Background Vocabulary,
p. 92
• Section Quiz, p. 111
• Reteaching Activity, p. 115
eEdition with Audio DVD-ROM
ENGLISH LEARNERS
Pupil Edition in Spanish
eEdition with Audio DVD-ROM
eEdition in Spanish DVD-ROM
Unit 5 Resource Book
• Reading Study Guide (Spanish),
p. 79
• RSG with Additional Support
(Spanish), p. 87
Multi-Language Glossary
Test Generator
• Section Quiz in Spanish
INCLUSION
Unit 5 Resource Book
• RSG with Additional Support,
p. 71
• Section Quiz, p. 111
• Reteaching Activity, p. 115
GIFTED & TALENTED
Unit 5 Resource Book
• Section Quiz, p. 111
PRE-AP
Unit 5 Resource Book
• Skillbuilder Practice, p. 93
• Connect to Today, p. 101
• Section Quiz, p. 111
TECHNOLOGY
Unit 5 Transparency Book
• 3-Minute Warm-Ups, TT6
• Fine Art, TT7
• Geography, TT8
• Cause-and-Effect Chapter Summary,
TT9
• Essential Question Graphic, TT10
Daily Test Practice Transparencies
• Chapter 13, Section 3, TT44
Power Presentations
ClassZone.com
American History Video Series
Teacher’s Edition • 433