Pre-Work
• Respond to Flip Charts
• Provide email address
• Pick up materials
– Pen, Paper(5 sheets), index cards
• Reflect
– Why are you here?
– What presentations are you planning?
• Feel free to discuss with your neighbors
• Write down questions you want answered
Developing and Delivering
Presentations: Skills for
Faculty and Trainees
Karen J. Miller, MD, FAAP
Developmental-Behavior Pediatrician
Association of Pediatrics
Program Directors
Chicago, IL
April 4, 2014
[email protected]
Barbara A. Bernhard, MS
Broadcast Journalism
Television Producer
[email protected]
K
What you will need
•
•
•
•
3 or 4 Index Cards
1 sheet – draw two columns-DON’T/DO
1 sheet - circle and rectangle
1 sheet- My Parking Lot
DO
DON’T
My Parking Lot
Follow-up
Question/
Comment
Your
Vignette
Your
SOCO
K
Disclosures
• Karen J. Miller, MD
• No financial relationships to disclose
• No discussion of unapproved products
• Barbara A. Bernhard, MS
• No financial relationships to disclose
• No discussion of unapproved products
K
Introductions
• Karen J. Miller, MD
• Barbara A. Bernhard, MS
K
KAREN MILLER,
MD
The question on your mind is….
Should I listen to these people,
take a nap or
go get deep dish pizza?
Stay tuned.
Who is Barbara Bernhard?
B
Karen J. Miller, MD
Center for Children with Special Needs
The Floating Hospital at Tufts Medical Center
Boston, MA
B
What Not to Do
DON’T
K
DO
•
•
•
•
Grab paper
Make chart
Fill in columns
Continue during
talk
• Take home
Don’t / Do Demo- Debrief
DON’T
DO
• Check technology
• Be late
• Strong opening
• Be disorganized
• Show enthusiasm
• Dress inappropriately
• Respectful
• Make rude remarks
• Relax and converse
• Talk too fast
• Pause for effect
• Talk in monotone
• Make it Remember-able
• Put too much on slide
• Intrigue your learner
• Read your slides
• Use red and fancy fonts • Know your point (SOCO)
KB
Summary of
Introductions
• Write your own introduction to send with CV
• Under 300 words
• Minimal academic history
• Experience/passion about this topic
• End with “Teaser” sentence for this talk
• Accept graciously; never apologize
• Goal: Establish relationship with this audience
K
Plan
Introductions
• Orientation and objectives
• Approaches to planning
• Organizing content
• Delivering your presentation
• Handling questions
• Closing memorably
• Evaluations for you and for them
K
Overview and Ground Rules
•
•
•
•
•
K
Sampling of techniques
Participation
Safety
Questions
Parking lot
Key to Symbols
Index
card
Acronyms/ mnemonic
Story
Visual
Repetition
Reflection
Video
K
Key Point
Summarize to
LOCK-IN
Learning Objectives
Participants will be able to:
• Apply Adult Learning Theory to the construction of
effective and engaging presentations that result in real
change in knowledge, skills and attitudes
• Match teaching modalities to the educational need,
your audience's characteristics and the learning
situation.
• Develop a personal presentation style that is
comfortable and confident by emphasizing the
connection with the audience using strategies that make
your key messages meaningful and motivating.
K
Begin with End in Mind
“If you don’t know where you’re going,
you might not get there”
-Yogi Berra
B
Planning to Teach
BK
Start
Teaching
Session
HERE
Sequel
Ending
Middle 3
Middle 2
Middle
Middle 1
Beginning
Prequel
START
PLANNING
HERE
What is your SOCO?
• SOCO *
Single
Over-riding
Communication
Objective
Index
card
*Reference: AAP Media Training
http://www2.aap.org/sections/pem/pem-leadership-docs/papers/036.pdf
KB
Our
SOCO
• Start where your AUDIENCE is at,
take them where you want them to BE.
• To instruct is to INSPIRE !
BK
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Motivation
Transcen
-dence
SelfActualization
Esteem
Belonging
Safety
Physiological Needs
K
Highly recommended:
Drive: the surprising truth about what motivates us by Daniel Pink (2011)
Audience:
Individuals→ Group
Ice-breaker- “Lightning Round”
1. Your name
2. Your location
3. Your role
4. WIIFM- “What’s In It For Me”
– Why are you HERE?
– Is there a presentation issue on your mind?
K
Who are you
and what do you want?
• Flip chart review
– Who you are
– Speaking Experience
Story
• Group Shout-out
– Why are YOU here today
– AKA WIIFM
• Write down on cards
– WIIFM
BK
Index
card
Adult Learners
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Experience
Knowledge
Habit and Bias
Problem-centered
Relevant
Internally motivated
WIIFM
What’s In It For Me?
K
Adult Learning Theories (2013) AMEE #83
The Medical Teacher; Taylor DC, Hamdy H
Brainstorming
your presentation
How do
You
Start?
B
Reporter’s Questions
•
•
•
•
•
BK
Who
What
Where
When
Why
ABCDE method
Easy to Remember! Easy to Teach!
K
ABCDE method
• Audience-where they Are now
•
•
•
•
K
Be- where you want them to Be (Goal)
Content- what; Learning objectives
Delivery-how; format and methods
Evaluation-Did they get there? Did you?
Presentation Parts
Audience
Content
KB
Delivery
Evaluate this lecture (video)
B
Ben Stein in Ferris Bueller’s Day Off
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhiCFdWeQfA
Presentation Analysis
Audience
Content
B
Delivery
Audience Analysis
K
Adapted from www.tonyjeary.com
Evaluate this lecture (video)
John Cleese Explains the Brain
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQjgsQ5G8ug
Presentation Analysis
Audience
Content
B
Delivery
Presentation POWER
FACTS
EMOTION
Audience
Boring
Recitation
Entertainment
Content
Delivery
? Change
BEhavior
Change
K
Emotionally Engage
Learners with Stories (Cases)
• GOOD THINGS
WILL HAPPEN
• BAD THINGS
MIGHT HAPPEN
Inspires
Instructs
Stories that Move Mountains: Storytelling and Visual Design for Persuasive Presentations
Sykes M, Malik AN , West MD; 2013 Wiley
B
Story
Write Your Story
• Write a one or two sentence vignette to set
the scene or illustrate a key point of your
presentation.
K
• I hear and I forget.
• I see and I remember.
• I do and I understand.
~ Confucius
K
Active Learning
activates learning
B
A
C2
C1
Delivery
K
C3
Active Learning Strategies
 IMAGINE (Stories)
Questions
Polls
 Audience Response
SKILLS = PRACTICE
 Demonstrate skills
 Paired practice with
feedback
 Brief video clip then
Systems (ARS) *
discussion or exercise
 Reflection/Think about..
 Simulation
 Worksheets
 Think then share in pairs  Role Play
 Small group discussion  Quiz
 Games
 Brainstorming
* http://www.polleverywhere.com/
K
Storyboard
Intro
STORY
BK
Data
Options
Generated
Obstacle
Obstacle
Obstacle
Study
Study
1
2
Situation
Results
Guideline
1&2
Solutions
To
Recommend
Video
clip
Illustration
Controversy
Practice
Change
Resonate: present visual stories that transform audiences, Nancy Duarte
Edit Ruthlessly
•
•
•
•
•
•
Communicate core message
Edit to fit THIS audience
Prioritize to fit the time
Plan 75% of time
Plan 10-15 minute CHUNKs
Addendum for information you
cannot include
Story
B
Halfway
Know your
half-way mark
Planner
TIME
WHAT
WHY
HOW
PRE-LEC
K
-60
ROOM
-10
bathroom
0
INTRO
CONNECT
5
SITUATION
URGENCY
10
OPTIONS
DATA
20
SOLUTIONS
THINK-PAIR
30
SUMMARY
VISUAL
35
Q&A
45
CLOSER
CASE
(WHOM)
What NOT to Do
with PowerPoint
K
Should it be PowerPoint?
• Is a slide presentation the best method?
• Is it for a handout?
• Cut out all extra words and take all those
really important and complicated things you
want to remember to talk about and put it into
Notes. Rehearse your talk so you know it
without reading.
Keep the core
Use visuals instead
K
What TO DO- PowerPoint
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Simple
Key words
Light background for small spaces
San serif fonts like Arial
24 points or larger
Use builds or animation to control info
Use VISUAL HIGHLIGHTING with data slides
B - Blacks screen; hit again returns to slides
Resource: www.presentationzen.com
See Garr Reynold’s TEDx talk
K
PowerPoint is VISUAL
Adding pictures
leads to better recall
65%
10 %
Words
Only
Pictures
and
Words
• Google-”Five ways to reduce PowerPoint Overload”
by Cliff Atkinson and Richard E. Mayer
B
Improving Data Slides
K
Visual Data- Infographic
• Specificity .80 (High specificity=few false positives)
K
MRI of Brain Study
Presentation
Video
SLIDESHOW
Web-linked video
requires Internet access or
Software to download video
before embedding
K
Gogtay N, PNAS 2004
Video
Visuals and Copyright
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Internet ≠ Public Domain
Pictures, graphs, video
Protect children’s identity
Handout vs Slideshow
Educational use
Ask permission
Try www.commons.wikimedia.org
Try www.google.com/advanced_image_search
Resource: Google “AAP Faculty Guide 2012”
B
Section Summary: Content
• SOCO for this section is:
Start where your audience is at,
organize Content to take them
where you want them to BE.
B
Delivery Skills:
It’s Showtime!
B
Pre-Presentation
 Save all emails






K
Get contact cell phone
Know EXACT location
Arrive EARLY – 30-60 minutes
Technology check – AV technician?
Bathroom
Mingle and learn about your audience
Engagement Checklist in handout or on request
Speaker’s Kit

Your presentation in at least two formats
 Your own remote with laser pointer
 Analog clock with glow-in-dark hands
 Plastic cup
 Kleenex
 Dry-Erase markers
 Wide masking tape
Story
K
Decision: What to Wear (or Not)
B
Delivery: A presentation is
a conversation with a message
Audience
Presenter
Message
Hint: pick friendly-looking
audience member to talk with
K
People Believe Your Body
•
•
•
•
B
Stand square
Open body
Gesture
Smile with eyes
Coping with Anxiety
• Write opening and closing
• Practice, practice, practice
• Enthusiasm for message
Mantra:
I know what I know
and I am excited to share it
BREATHE
BK
Activity
Go for 6
• Be the most enthusiastic person in the room
Shouting
Enthusiasm
Conversation
KB
Sometimes the best thing
to say is
# of Responses
NOTHING
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
KB
seconds
How to Wrap-up
• End on time
• Summarize
• Vision of the better future
• Leave time for questions
• Finish with Closer
• Evaluate and Debrief
BK
Evaluate and Debrief
• Ask someone in advance
• Feedback; two things to improve
• Evaluations
• Write down your own assessment
• Strengths
• Improve
• Thanks and feedback to organizer
• Keep file folder
In-depth Evaluation form for mentoring
is additional handout for this session
K
APPD Meeting Evaluation
• URL to the online meeting evaluations for
feedback on our workshop:
https://www.appd.org/amsurvey/
• Please send comments and questions
– Karen Miller [email protected]
– Barbara Bernhard [email protected]
Activity
One Minute Teach-back
• Think-Pair-Share
• Think about what you learned
• Pair up
• Share one thing you will use next time
K
Summary:
“It’s like déjà vu all over again”
~ Yogi Berra
•
•
•
•
Audience-centered presentations
Use stories to engage emotions
Skills TO DO and what NOT to do
Presentation skills can be LEARNED.
Whoops! Not Done Yet
BKBK
Activity
Handling the Q&A
• Two
questions prepared
• Restate the question
• Reframe
it to fit you
• Shorter is better
• Control politely
• Say
you don’t know
• Say what you can say
KB
Ask us difficult questions
• “My child…”
• “Isn’t it true doctor…”
• “Apparently you haven’t read…”
CLOSER is the clincher
• SEND THEM OUT ENERGIZED !
• Get back on message –
• WHAT TO DO NEXT!
• Finish with inspiration- YOU CAN DO IT!
B
Questions?
Comments?
Where to
meet to
continue the
conversation?
KB
Our Closer:
Start where your AUDIENCE is at,
take them where you want them to BE.
Instruct and INSPIRE!
K
Arial size 18+
Readable in
handout
Resources
Highlight your host
or local resources
•
Association of Pediatric Program Directors’ Share Warehouse
https://www.appd.org/ed_res/share_warehouse.cfm Find and share
resources, including curricula and evaluation tools
•
American Academy of Pediatrics’ Teaching and Learning Resource
Center. https://pedialinktc.pbworks.com/n/home (must be logged into
Pedialink to access; teaching tips, free courses for residents, basic
procedure videos, designed for Residents and Fellows in Training.
•
American Academy of Pediatrics’ Residents as Teachers webpage
http://www2.aap.org/sections/ypn/r/resident/resident_teachers.html
•
American Academy of Pediatrics’ Advocacy http://www.aap.org/en-us/myaap/advocacy/workingwiththemedia/spokespersontips has Talking to the
Media speaking tips and Speaking Kits
•
•
MedEd Portal; www.MedEdportal.org; peer reviewed teaching and faculty
development materials and assessment tools; Assoc of American Medical
Colleges
Toastmasters International www.toastmasters.org; local clubs improve
communication, public speaking and leadership skills
References
Articles in common,
relevant journals;
not chapters
• Brown G, Manogue M. AMEE Medical Education Guide No. 22:
Refreshing lecturing: a guide for lecturers. Medical Teacher.
2001;23:231-244. (AMEE Medical education series)
• Cantillon P. ABC of Learning and Teaching in Medicine: Large Group.
BMJ.2003;326:437-40 (part of BMJ series on medical education)
• Friedlander MJ et al. What Can Medical Education Learn from the
Neurobiology of Learning? Academic Medicine. 2011;86:415-420.
• Schumacher DJ. Englander R, Carraccio C. Developing the Master
Learner: applying learning theory to the learner, the teacher and the
learning environment. Academic Medicine. 2013; 88: 1635-1645
• Mayer, RE. Applying the science of learning to medical education.
Medical Education, 2010, 44: 543–549. also google “Five Ways to
Reduce PowerPoint Overload” by Cliff Atkinson and Richard E. Mayer
for illustration
• Roberts, KB. Educational Principles of community education.
Pediatrics. 1996, 98:S1259-1263. GNOME mnemonic for planning.
Books
Broadly useful and
practical books if
interested in topic
• Made to Stick: Why some ideas survive and others die, Heath C,
Heath C, 2007; Random House; www.heathbrothers.com; Learn
effective messages are Simple, Unexpected, Credible, Concrete,
Emotional and use Stories
• Make It Stick: the Science of Successful Learning, Brown PC,
Roediger HL, McDaniel MA, 2014
• Design For How People Learn by Julie Dirksen, 2011, New Riders
Press. A funny, readable guide to teaching including current ideas,
psychology research and practical applications.
• Resonate: Visual Presentations that Transform Audiences;
Nancy Duarte; 2010; how to use Post-its to brainstorm and details
the structure of a great presentation (see TED.com talk)
• Stories that Move Mountains: Storytelling and Visual Design for
Persuasive Presentations; M Sykes, AN Malik, MD West Wiley
2013; Use of Visual Story Map to plan presentations
Find Inspiration
Great talks at www.TED.com
Multimedia
resources
• Nancy Duarte’s TEDx talk: The Secret Structure of Great Talks (18
min)
http://www.ted.com/talks/nancy_duarte_the_secret_structure_of_great
_talks.html
• Hans Rosling’s TED talk makes data meaningful: Stats that reshape
your world-view (18 min)
http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/hans_rosling_shows_the_best_stats
_you_ve_ever_seen.html
• Steve Jobs masterful presentation at a graduation:
http://ed.ted.com/lessons/steve-jobs-at-stanford-universitycommencement-2005