RO-PAX FERRY
April 28th, 2016
Gabriel, Shaun, Timothy
Introduction
ROPAX Ferry Concept Design for WFSA competition
Low-cost vessel for service between the islands of
Indonesia
Ferry Accidents
China
6%
Philippines
11%
Indonesia
16%
All others
42%
Bangladesh
25%
Causes and Circumstances of Major Ferry Accidents, 2000-2014, by Abigail Golden, Worldwide Ferry Safety
Association.
Location
Pelni - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved January 22,
2016, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pelni
Basic Requirements
• 14 to 18 knots
• Maximum 185 passengers
• Maximize car and truck payload
• 20 Cabins
• Range of 1000 Nm
• Affordable to construct and operate
ROPAX ferry 2007
http://indahnesia.com/indonesia/event/
45/ferry_sinks_off_java_coast.php
Challenges:
Safety
• Overloading
• Fire Safety
Affordability
Indonesian Ferries | Paul's Travel Blog. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.paulstravelblog.com/wp/?p=260
Problems:
Overloading
Fire
Affordability
Solutions:
• Catamaran design
• Limited number of trucks
• Well ventilated car deck
• Engines on deck
• Fire zones
• Catamaran (more deck area)
• Steel construction
• Ease of maintenance
• Built in Indonesia
Parent Ship: North Island Princess
Hull Form
• Waterline Length: 52.5 m
• Displacement: 1025 tonnes
• Based on NPL, VWS 89
• Design speed of 15 knots
VWS 89
Savu Ferry
NPL
Catamaran Hull Form
• L/V^(1/3) = 6.67
• Cp = 0.6
• Cb = 0.5
• BOA = 23.5m
• LOA = 55m
• LCB = -6.5% midships
• Single Chine
Stability
• SOLAS
• IS 2008
• General Criteria for 4 conditions:
• Fully loaded arrival/departure
• Unloaded arrival/departure
• Wind Criteria
Intact Stability Results
Stability Criteria - IS 2008, Open Water Criteria for Fully loaded departure
Name
Angle 1
Angle 2
Required
Actual
Pass / Fail
GM At 0 > 0.15 meters
0
0.15
39.4 Pass
GZ At 30 >= 0.2 meters
30
0.2
6.3 Pass
14.5
25
Angle At GZmax > 25 deg
14.5 Fail
Area Between 0 and 30 > 3.15 metersdeg
0
30
3.15
175.3 Pass
Area Between 0 and Flood > 5.15
meters-deg
0
22.7
5.15
126.3 Pass
30
40
1.72
57.8 Pass
Area Between 30 and 40 > 1.72 metersdeg
Righting Arm Curve
8.0
6.0
4.0
GZ (m)
2.0
-20
0.0
-15
-10
-5
0
5
10
15
-2.0
-4.0
-6.0
-8.0
Angle of Heel (Degrees)
20
25
30
35
40
Damaged Stability
• Lost Buoyancy Method
Damaged Stability Results
Stability Criteria - SOLAS 2004, After Damage, compartments C and D flooded
Name
Angle 1
Angle 2
Required
Actual
Pass / Fail
Angle Between FreeEquil and GZ0 >=
15 deg
3.3
74.9
15.0
71.5 Pass
Area Between FreeEquil and 27 >= 0.86
meters-deg
3.3
27
0.9
107.3 Pass
GZ At GZmax >= 0.29 meters
21.6
0.3
6.1 Pass
Angle At FreeEquil <= 12 deg
3.3
12.0
3.3 Pass
Freeboard At FreeEquil >= 0.076 meters
3.3
0.1
1.8 Pass
Resistance and Powering
• NPL
• Model testing
• Round bilge, displacement
• VWS 89
• Model testing
• Chined, planing
• Pham and Sahoo
• Regression Analysis
• Chined
• Engines selected based on:
• 1500 kW Effective Power
Transport Factor: Reality Check
Transportation Factor for Similar Ferries
(ROPAX Catamarans)
60
Transportation Factor
50
40
30
20
10
0
5
10
15
20
Speed (kn)
25
30
35
40
Ship Arrangement
• Capacity, flow, and passenger safety
• Mission requirements for each deck
•
•
•
•
•
•
Cars/trucks
Stairwells, access
Accommodations
Service spaces
Seating
WC’s
Profile
Inboard Profile
Midship
Main Deck
Deck 2
Deck 3
Machinery Arrangement
Structure: Design Methodology
• Lloyd’s Register Rules and Regulations for Classification of
Special Service Craft
Hydrostatic,
Hydrodynamic
pressure etc.
Material
Selection
Local Design
Pressure
Local Members
(plating&stiffener)
Global Loads
Hull Girder
Strength
Structure: Local Design Pressures
Wave Pressure/Impact Pressure
hydrostatic pressure
hydrodynamic pressure
pitching pressure
Impact pressure
deckhouse, superstructure
pressure
shell envelope pressure
forebody impact pressure
Impact pressure on crossdeck
pressure on weather deck
deck pressure for cargo
watertight bulkhead,
plating
watertight bulkhead,
stiffener
28.14
57.66
79.70
64.74
7.04
107.84
64.74
22.76
12.40
25.16
28.25
35.21
Local Member Design Pressure
Design Pressure
bottom shell plating
bottom shell stiffening
side shell plating, outboard
side shell stiffening, outboard
side shell plating, inboard
side shell stiffening, inboard
cross-deck plating
cross-deck stiffening
weather deck plating
weather deck stiffening
interior deck plating
interior deck stiffening
inner bottom plating
inner bottom stiffening
superstructure plating
superstructure stiffening
bulkhead plating
bulkhead stiffener
kPa
113.23
56.61
113.23
56.61
113.23
56.61
83.68
41.84
25.16
25.16
25.16
25.16
88.68
56.61
7.39
3.69
28.25
35.21
Structure: Local Plating Thickness
Minimum thickness
Design selection
9.9
9.9
8.5
10
10
10
6.7
5.1
6.1
8.0
8.0
8.0
4.8
5
8.5
5.2
10
10
superstructure side plating
superstructure top plating
3.1
3.0
5
5
machinery casing side plating
Pillars
rectangular pillars
3.0
5
5.0
5
Shell envelope
bottom shell plating
side shell plating
wet-deck plating
Single Bottom structure
centre girder web
floor webs
side girder webs
Bulkheads
watertight bulkhead plating
Deck plating
strength/main deck plating
lower deck/inside deckhouse
Superstructures and deckhouses
Structure: Global Loads
Vertical Wave Bending Moment
Twin-hull Transverse Bending Moment Twin-hull Torsional Moment
Twin hull
transverse
bending moment
26,184 kNm
Twin hull torsional
connecting
moment
40,389 kNm
Structure: Hull Girder Strength
Hull Longitudinal Bending Strength
Hull Girder Bending
Stress
Deck
Keel
24.1
51.9
<
Hull Shear Strength
max permissible hull
vertical bending
stress, MPa
Hull Girder Shear
stress, MPa
<
5.7
169
Strength of Cross-deck Structure
Head Beam Quartering
sea sea
sea
total direct
bending stress
total shear
stress
32.8
50.6
61.6
2.5
8.2
21.4
Demand
<
Cross-deck
max permissible
vertical bending
stress
max permissible
mean shear stress
Capacity
169
98
max permissible
mean shear stress,
MPa
98
Structure: Midship Section
Frame
spacing
Max. web
frame
spacing
550 mm
3.3m
Propulsion: Pairwise Comparison
Propulsion: Selection
Propulsion: Unit
4 X Schottel Outboard
units
CAT ACERT 32
746 kW each
Weight Engineering
Light Ship Summary
100 - Structure
200 - Propulsion
300 - Electrical
400 - Command
500 - Aux Equipment
600 - Outfit
MARGIN (5%)
Weight
(MT)
434.1
74.3
31.0
3.4
44.8
52.2
32.0
671.7
LCG
30.1
52.9
34.2
21.9
24.5
32.0
VCG
5.6
7.9
6.8
13.9
8.4
7.1
TCG
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
L.Mom
13072678
3929600
1059600
74325
1097640
1668768
V.Mom
2418781
588100
209223
47275
374820
370710
T.Mom
0
0
0
0
0
9944
31.1
6.0
0.0
20903
4009
9.944
Outfitting estimates
Outfitting weights
Cabin floor
QTY
Length, m
height, m
193.5
12
30.8
2.75
kg/U
ceilings
Corridor floor
ceilings
Bathroom floor
ceilings
Balcony floor weight
Non structural bulkheads
Interior Stairs
Interior Railings
Interior doors
Exterior doors (to balconies)
Bunk Beds
Vanity unit
Chair + desk
Toilet Stalls
Bathroom washbasin
Showers
20
8
56
20
20
4
4
4
Total PAX accomodation outfit weight
t/m2
0.0335
0.007
0.0335
0.007
0.0335
0.007
0.0335
0.01
Weight, t
6.85
1.43
4.22
0.88
1.00
0.21
0.89
5.32
0.60
0.31
1.00
1.04
2.80
0.50
0.40
0.16
0.10
0.10
TONNES:
27.8
50
10
50
130
50
25
20
40
25
25
Full Load Summary
Full Load Displacement Summary
Weight
(MT)
LCG
VCG
TCG
L.Mom
V.Mom
T.Mom
Consumables
Fuel (98%)
Potable Water (98%)
39
20
32
26
2
2
0
8
1258
500
64
32
0
162
Passengers, Crew, and Stores
Passengers + Crew
Crew Stores (15 crew)
Passenger stores (185 pax)
12
1
3
25
23
31
11
4
10
0
-7
0
300
17
85
131
3
26
0
-5
0
Misc. Liquids
Grey Water (10%)
Black Water (10%)
Lube Oil (98%)
Used Oil (10%)
Sludge (10%)
Oily Water (10%)
2
1
2
0
0
1
24
23
38
38
39
38
2
2
2
2
2
2
0
10
0
0
0
0
37
14
69
2
4
19
3
1
4
0
0
1
0
6
0
0
0
0
Mission Load
Cars, x 34
Trucks (Fully loaded) x 10
58
200
25
28
7
7
0
0
1457
5560
376
1320
0
0
Total Deadweight
337
28
6
0
9321
1962
163
Lightship Weight
671.7
31.1
LCG
30.0
6.0
VCG
5.9
0.0
TCG
0.2
20902.6
4008.9
9.9
30223
5971
173
Estimated FULL LOAD DISPLACEMENT
1008.3
Cost: Shipyard’s Perspective
Is it affordable?
Cost: Cash Flow Analysis
Appendix