FACT SHEET
pCPP
September 2016
For more information, please contact:
Dr. P. Blanckaert
Coordinator Belgian Early Warning System Drugs
Scientific Institute of Public Health
National Focal Point on Drugs
Jyliette Wytsmanstraat 14
B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
Tel : 02/642 5408
[email protected]
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© Scientific Institute of Public Health, Brussels 2016
This report may not be reproduced, published or distributed without the consent of the ISP | WIV.
A. General information
Recent collected sample in Belgium
Substance: pCPP mixture with amphetamines
Date of Collection: August 2016
Date of analysis: September 2016
Color: Pink
Region: Brussels
Diameter: 8mm
Thickness: 5mm
Tablet weight: 230 mg
Created
September 2016
Updated
/
Type
Psychotropic Substances
Group
Piperazine Derivates
Name
p-Chlorophenylpiperazine (pCPP)
Nature of substance
pCPP is a piperazine-derived designer drug, which has been reported for the first time
in the Reitox Early warning system through a Reporting Form in November 2006 by
France.
Systematic chemical name
1-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine
Other names
1-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine is the systematic chemical name but the substance is
better known by one of its codenames pCPP (where ‘p’ stands for para, signifying the
fourth position of the chlorine atom on the phenyl ring, and ‘CPP’ stands for
chlorophenylpiperazine), 4CPP or 4Cl-PP. Depending on the position of the chlorine
atom, other possible CPP isomers are 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine (for metaCPP) and 1-(2-chlorophenyl)piperazine, (codenames oCPP (for ortho-CPP), 2CPP or
2Cl-PP). As use of codenames could be confusing, they should be used only for initial
orientation.
B. Alerts
Alerts
The Belgian Early Warning System Drugs (BEWSD) issued an alert in september
2016 concerning a tablet containing amphetamine and pCPP.
Reports to EMCDDA
Latvia: In its EWS Report for the 1st half of 2009 the NFP reported 12 seizures
totalizing 952 tablets and 2 seizures of 3.2532g powder.
Sweden: In its EWS Report for the 1st half of 2009 the NFP reported 1 seizure of
0,73g powder; 1 seizure of 5 capsules; 25 seizures of tablets, 249 units; 4 seizures of
tablets, 497 units. (reported as mCPP or pCPP).
Switzerland: On 25 July 2009 an ecstasy tablet containing pCPP (36.24mg) and
mCPP was reported in Switzerland for the first time.
Latvia: In its EWS Report for the 1st half of 2008 the NFP reported 5 seizures of 22
tablets.
Bulgaria: In March 2007 the NFP reported 1 seizure of 49.385 g white tablets with
Rolls Royce logo seized in Asenovgrad in 2006. Tablets containing 5% MDMA.
Bulgaria: In March 2007 the NFP reported 1 seizure of 64 white tablets with
"Crocodile" logo seized in Kardzhali in 2006.
Bulgaria: In March 2007 the NFP reported 1 seizure of 1 white tablet with Rolls
Royce logo seized in Sofia in 2006. Tablet containing 6% MDMA.
Bulgaria: In March 2007 the NFP reported 1 seizure of 1 white tablet with Mitsubishi
logo seized in Varna in 2006. Tablet containing 1% MDMA and caffeine.
Bulgaria: In March 2007 the NFP reported 1 seizure of 3,55 g white tablets with
Mitsubishi logo seized in Varna in 2006. Tablets containing 27% MDMA.
Bulgaria: In March 2007 the NFP reported 1 seizure of 260 white tablets, "heart"
logo, seized in Varna in 2006. Tablets containing 1% MDMA.
Bulgaria: In March 2007 the NFP reported 1 seizure of 3 white tablets, Mitsubishi
logo seized in Sofia in 2006.
France: In November 2006 the NFP reported a collected sample of powder. It was
collected in Lyon in September and was sniffed in a party.
C. Pictures
Recent collected sample in Belgium
D. Clinical information
Usage
A number of piperazine derivatives have been reported as recreational drugs. Only
limited investigations have been conducted on the proprerties of pCPP. The isomers,
predominantly mCPP, have been used as surreptitious substitutes for MDMA.
Scientific research has demonstrated pCPP to have serotonergic effects, likely acting
as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and/or releasing agent.
Health risks
headache, nausea, severe halucinations, drunkenness.
following the recreational use of piperazine party drugs, users may experience periods
of exertion, lack of sleep or dehydratation.
Other uses
/
E. Legal status
Belgium: controlled as of 22 October 2006
F. Chemistry
Other chemical names and variants
Para-chlorophenylpiperazine (see also code names)
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) registry number
pCPP (CAS# 38212-33-8)
Molecular information
The piperazine-derived designer drugs could be divided into:
(a) benzylpiperazines – including 1-benzyl-piperazine (BZP); and 1-(3,4methylenedioxybenzyl)piperazine (MDBP); and
(b) phenylpiperazines – including (1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-piperazine (MeOPP); 1-(3trifluoromethylphenyl)-piperazine (TFMPP); 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine (mCPP)
and 1-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine (pCPP).
Molecular structure:
Molecular formula: C10H13ClN2
Molecular weight: 196.68
Identification and analytical profile
See annex: "Analytical profiles of the piperazines", from the LTG (formerly known as
the London Toxicology Group)
G. References
/
Analytical profiles of the piperazines
Over the past few months (Autumn 2006) members of LTG have become aware
of an increasing number of piperazine compounds sold on websites as “herbal
ecstasy”. They are often promoted as a legal alternative to MDMA, sometimes
as a “harm minimisation” strategy. None of the compounds are licensed
medicines or have been evaluated for their safety. The health consequences of
the widespread availability are beginning to emerge with reports of
hospitalisations and involvement in road accidents.
This monograph presents brief analytical profiles of the piperazine derivatives
found in “illicit” tablets and capsules in the UK. Not all the compounds listed have
been found in products but are presented because they are positional isomers of
those that have. Isomers that are not resolved by GC/MS may be differentiated
by HPLC with UV diode array detection because the UV absorption spectra vary.
Analytical standards of all the compounds are available commercially from Sigma
Aldrich, the catalogue numbers are provided in the table. Some compounds are
only available as free bases, for others the hydrochloride salts are also available.
Some immunoassays that target methylamfetamine also detect some of the
piperazines. Dilutions of a 1mg/mL solution of the compounds in methanol were
made in water for the evaluations of the immunoassay unit test devices. Thanks
are due to Alan Freke of Dade Behring for donation of the Syva RapidTest d.a.u.
devices.
The compounds
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
1-benzylpiperazine
C11H16N2, mw 176
Sigma Aldrich 13815-25G-F
1-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine
C10H13FN2, mw 180
Sigma Aldrich 19133-7
1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl) piperazine
m-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine
C11H13F3N2, mw 230
1-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)piperazine
Sigma Aldrich T8948 (HCl)
1-(3-methylphenyl)piperazine
C11H16N2, mw 176
Sigma Aldrich R435376 (diHCl)
1-(4-methylphenyl)piperazine
C11H16N2, mw 176
Sigma Aldrich 71868-5G-F
1-(2-chlorophenyl)piperazine
C10H13ClN2, mw 196.5
Sigma Aldrich C67605 (HCl)
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
C11H16N2O, mw 192
Sigma Aldrich M22601-5G (HCl)
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine
C10H13ClN2, mw 196.5
Sigma Aldrich 125180-5G (HCl)
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
C11H16N2O, mw 192
Sigma Aldrich 571415-1G (diHCl)
1-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine
C10H13ClN2, mw 196.5
Sigma Aldrich C68008
1,4-dibenzylpiperazine
C18H22N2, mw 266.4
Sigma Aldrich S383937-1EA (diHCl)
BZP
pFPP
TFMPP
N
N
N
N
N
N
F
CF3
mMPP
N
N
CH3
pMPP
oCPP
N
N
N
N
CH3
Cl
oMeOPP
N
N
CH3O
mCPP
N
N
Cl
pMeOPP
pCPP
N
N
OCH3
N
N
Cl
N
DBZP
N
GC/MS
Samples were analysed on a Shimadzu QP2010 gas chromatograph mass
spectrometer with an HP5MS column (30m x 0.25mm, 0.50µm).
Column oven temperature
80°C
Injection temperature
225°C
Injection mode
Split
Split ratio
10:1
Carrier gas
Helium
Flow rate
1.0 ml/min
Pressure
9.5 psi
Ion source temperature
200°C
Interface temperature
250°C
Column oven temperature programme:
Rate
Final temperature
Hold time
-
80°C
4 minutes
40.00°C/min
290°C
10.75 minutes
Chromatogram:-
(D),(E)
I.S
(F),(G)
7.444
(B),(C)
8.554
0.75
(H),(I),(J)
8.478
(A)
I.S
9.325
1.00
10.068
TIC
8.898
8.943
(x10,000,000)
0.50
0.25
0.00
7.0
7.5
8.0
ID
Compound Name
I.S.
Quinoline
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
Abbreviations
-
10.5
11.0
Retention time
(mins.)
7.444
A
Benzylpiperazine
BZP
8.478
B
1-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine
pFPP
8.554 (front)
C
m-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine
TFMPP
8.554 (tail)
D
1-(3-methylphenyl)piperazine
mMPP
8.898
E
1-(4-methylphenyl)piperazine
pMPP
8.898
F
1-(2-chlorophenyl)piperazine
oCPP
8.943 (front)
G
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
H
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine
I
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
J
1-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine
I.S.
K
Pyribenzamine (tripelenamine)
1,4-dibenzylpiperazine
oMeOPP
mCPP
8.943 (tail)
9.325 (front)
pMeOPP
9.325
pCPP
9.325
-
10.068
DBZP
10.768 (not shown)
(A) BENZYLPIPERAZINE (BZP) 8.478mins
%
91.1
100.0
N
75.0
N
134.1
50.0
25.0
56.1
42.1
0.0
50
176.1
85.1
120.1
161.2
150
100
207.0
200
252.9 281.0
326.9
250
300
350
400
(B) 1-(4-FLUOROPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (pFPP) 8.554mins
%
138.1
100.0
N
N
F
75.0
50.0
180.1
25.0
0.0
95.0
56.1
75.0
42.0
50
100
122.1
150.1
150
206.9
200
253.0 281.1302.3 327.1 355.2377.0
250
300
350
400
(C) m-TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHENYLPIPERAZINE (TFMPP) 8.554mins
%
100.0
188.1
N
N
75.0
CF3
50.0
230.1
25.0
0.0
56.1
73.1
42.1
95.0
50
100
145.1 172.0
127.1 159.1
150
211.1
200
252.9 281.1
327.0 355.1
250
300
350
400
(D) 1-(3-METHYLPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (mMPP) 8.898mins
%
86.1
100.0
N
N
75.0
CH3
50.0
207.0
25.0
57.1
0.0
50
99.1
100
281.0
135.1
150
177.0
207.9
200
252.9
236.9
250
295.0 326.9
300
350
387.1
400
(E) 1-(4-METHYLPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (pMPP) 8.898mins
%
100.0
134.1
N
N
CH3
75.0
50.0
176.1
25.0
0.0
91.1
56.1
41.1
50
119.1
159.1
150
100
207.0
200
253.0 281.0
250
300
341.1
350
400
(F) 1-(2-CHLOROPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (oCPP) 8.943mins
%
154.1
100.0
N
N
Cl
75.0
50.0
25.0
56.1
42.1
0.0
50
196.1
138.1
77.0
111.0
91.0
100
168.1
150
207.9
200
236.9253.0
250
281.1
295.1
300
327.1
355.0
350
388.9
400
(G) 1-(2-METHOXYPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (oMeOPP) 8.943mins
%
100.0
150.1
N
N
75.0
CH3O
50.0
192.1
135.1
25.0
56.1
77.1
42.1
0.0
50
120.1
100
176.1 207.9
150
200
252.9 281.0
326.9
250
300
350
389.0
400
(H) 1-(3-CHLOROPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (mCPP) 9.325mins
%
100.0
154.1
N
N
75.0
Cl
50.0
56.1
0.0
196.0
73.1
25.0
50
111.0 138.0
95.9
100
150
180.8 208.0
200
252.9
250
281.0
296.3 327.0 355.1
300
350
400
(I) 1-(4-METHOXYPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (pMeOPP) 9.325mins
%
100.0
150.1
N
N
OCH3
75.0
50.0
192.1
25.0
0.0
56.1
73.192.0
42.1
50
135.1
177.0 207.9
150
200
100
253.0 281.1
327.1
250
300
350
400
(J) 1-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (pCPP) 9.325mins
%
154.1
100.0
N
N
Cl
75.0
50.0
196.1
25.0
56.1
0.0
42.1
50
111.0
73.0
89.1
100
138.0
150
179.1 208.0
200
253.1 281.0
250
300
327.0 355.0377.0
350
400
(K) 1,4-DIBENZYLPIPERAZINE (DBZP) 10.768mins
%
91.0
100.0
N
75.0
N
50.0
25.0
0.0
42.0 65.0
50
175.1
120.1
266.2
134.2
148.1
206.9 238.0
281.1
327.0 354.1376.9
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
IMMUNOASSAY
100 micrograms / ml
10 micrograms / ml
1 microgram / ml
mAMP
AMP
MET
mAMP
MET
mAMP
A
BZP
P
N
N
P
N
P
B
pFPP
P
N
N
P
N
-
C
TFMPP
N
N
N
N
N
-
D
mMPP
P
N
N
P
N
-
E
pMPP
P
N
N
P
N
-
F
oCPP
P
N
?N
P
?N
G
oMeOPP
N
N
N
N
N
-
H
mCPP
?P
N
N
N
N
-
I
pMeOPP
P
N
N
P
N
J
pCPP
P
N
N
P
N
-
K
DBZP
-
-
-
-
-
-
Test
mAMP
AMP
MET
Syva RapidTest d.a.u. Methylamphetamine
Syva RapidTest d.a.u. Amphetamine
Acon Methylamphetamine
P
N
-
positive
negative
not tested
Cutoff
1 microgram / ml
1 microgram / ml
1 microgram / ml
Occurrence of the compounds in products found in UK
in UK tablets/capsules
A
BZP
Yes
B
pFPP
Yes
C
TFMPP
Yes
D
mMPP
No
E
pMPP
No
F
oCPP
No
G
oMeOPP
No
H
mCPP
Yes
I
pMeOPP
Yes
J
pCPP
?
K
DBZP
Yes
Reaction with Marquis Reagent
Marquis reagent
A
BZP
B
pFPP
N
N
C
TFMPP
N
D
mMPP
N
E
pMPP
N
F
oCPP
G
oMeOPP
H
mCPP
N
N
N
very pale pink
I
pMeOPP
J
pCPP
N
K
DBZP
O
Analytical profiles of the piperazines
Over the past few months (Autumn 2006) members of LTG have become aware
of an increasing number of piperazine compounds sold on websites as “herbal
ecstasy”. They are often promoted as a legal alternative to MDMA, sometimes
as a “harm minimisation” strategy. None of the compounds are licensed
medicines or have been evaluated for their safety. The health consequences of
the widespread availability are beginning to emerge with reports of
hospitalisations and involvement in road accidents.
This monograph presents brief analytical profiles of the piperazine derivatives
found in “illicit” tablets and capsules in the UK. Not all the compounds listed have
been found in products but are presented because they are positional isomers of
those that have. Isomers that are not resolved by GC/MS may be differentiated
by HPLC with UV diode array detection because the UV absorption spectra vary.
Analytical standards of all the compounds are available commercially from Sigma
Aldrich, the catalogue numbers are provided in the table. Some compounds are
only available as free bases, for others the hydrochloride salts are also available.
Some immunoassays that target methylamfetamine also detect some of the
piperazines. Dilutions of a 1mg/mL solution of the compounds in methanol were
made in water for the evaluations of the immunoassay unit test devices. Thanks
are due to Alan Freke of Dade Behring for donation of the Syva RapidTest d.a.u.
devices.
The compounds
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
1-benzylpiperazine
C11H16N2, mw 176
Sigma Aldrich 13815-25G-F
1-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine
C10H13FN2, mw 180
Sigma Aldrich 19133-7
1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl) piperazine
m-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine
C11H13F3N2, mw 230
1-(α,α,α-trifluoro-m-tolyl)piperazine
Sigma Aldrich T8948 (HCl)
1-(3-methylphenyl)piperazine
C11H16N2, mw 176
Sigma Aldrich R435376 (diHCl)
1-(4-methylphenyl)piperazine
C11H16N2, mw 176
Sigma Aldrich 71868-5G-F
1-(2-chlorophenyl)piperazine
C10H13ClN2, mw 196.5
Sigma Aldrich C67605 (HCl)
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
C11H16N2O, mw 192
Sigma Aldrich M22601-5G (HCl)
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine
C10H13ClN2, mw 196.5
Sigma Aldrich 125180-5G (HCl)
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
C11H16N2O, mw 192
Sigma Aldrich 571415-1G (diHCl)
1-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine
C10H13ClN2, mw 196.5
Sigma Aldrich C68008
1,4-dibenzylpiperazine
C18H22N2, mw 266.4
Sigma Aldrich S383937-1EA (diHCl)
BZP
pFPP
TFMPP
N
N
N
N
N
N
F
CF3
mMPP
N
N
CH3
pMPP
oCPP
N
N
N
N
CH3
Cl
oMeOPP
N
N
CH3O
mCPP
N
N
Cl
pMeOPP
pCPP
N
N
OCH3
N
N
Cl
N
DBZP
N
GC/MS
Samples were analysed on a Shimadzu QP2010 gas chromatograph mass
spectrometer with an HP5MS column (30m x 0.25mm, 0.50µm).
Column oven temperature
80°C
Injection temperature
225°C
Injection mode
Split
Split ratio
10:1
Carrier gas
Helium
Flow rate
1.0 ml/min
Pressure
9.5 psi
Ion source temperature
200°C
Interface temperature
250°C
Column oven temperature programme:
Rate
Final temperature
Hold time
-
80°C
4 minutes
40.00°C/min
290°C
10.75 minutes
Chromatogram:-
(D),(E)
I.S
(F),(G)
7.444
(B),(C)
8.554
0.75
(H),(I),(J)
8.478
(A)
I.S
9.325
1.00
10.068
TIC
8.898
8.943
(x10,000,000)
0.50
0.25
0.00
7.0
7.5
8.0
ID
Compound Name
I.S.
Quinoline
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
Abbreviations
-
10.5
11.0
Retention time
(mins.)
7.444
A
Benzylpiperazine
BZP
8.478
B
1-(4-fluorophenyl)piperazine
pFPP
8.554 (front)
C
m-trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine
TFMPP
8.554 (tail)
D
1-(3-methylphenyl)piperazine
mMPP
8.898
E
1-(4-methylphenyl)piperazine
pMPP
8.898
F
1-(2-chlorophenyl)piperazine
oCPP
8.943 (front)
G
1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
H
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine
I
1-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazine
J
1-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazine
I.S.
K
Pyribenzamine (tripelenamine)
1,4-dibenzylpiperazine
oMeOPP
mCPP
8.943 (tail)
9.325 (front)
pMeOPP
9.325
pCPP
9.325
-
10.068
DBZP
10.768 (not shown)
(A) BENZYLPIPERAZINE (BZP) 8.478mins
%
91.1
100.0
N
75.0
N
134.1
50.0
25.0
56.1
42.1
0.0
50
176.1
85.1
120.1
161.2
150
100
207.0
200
252.9 281.0
326.9
250
300
350
400
(B) 1-(4-FLUOROPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (pFPP) 8.554mins
%
138.1
100.0
N
N
F
75.0
50.0
180.1
25.0
0.0
95.0
56.1
75.0
42.0
50
100
122.1
150.1
150
206.9
200
253.0 281.1302.3 327.1 355.2377.0
250
300
350
400
(C) m-TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHENYLPIPERAZINE (TFMPP) 8.554mins
%
100.0
188.1
N
N
75.0
CF3
50.0
230.1
25.0
0.0
56.1
73.1
42.1
95.0
50
100
145.1 172.0
127.1 159.1
150
211.1
200
252.9 281.1
327.0 355.1
250
300
350
400
(D) 1-(3-METHYLPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (mMPP) 8.898mins
%
86.1
100.0
N
N
75.0
CH3
50.0
207.0
25.0
57.1
0.0
50
99.1
100
281.0
135.1
150
177.0
207.9
200
252.9
236.9
250
295.0 326.9
300
350
387.1
400
(E) 1-(4-METHYLPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (pMPP) 8.898mins
%
100.0
134.1
N
N
CH3
75.0
50.0
176.1
25.0
0.0
91.1
56.1
41.1
50
119.1
159.1
150
100
207.0
200
253.0 281.0
250
300
341.1
350
400
(F) 1-(2-CHLOROPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (oCPP) 8.943mins
%
154.1
100.0
N
N
Cl
75.0
50.0
25.0
56.1
42.1
0.0
50
196.1
138.1
77.0
111.0
91.0
100
168.1
150
207.9
200
236.9253.0
250
281.1
295.1
300
327.1
355.0
350
388.9
400
(G) 1-(2-METHOXYPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (oMeOPP) 8.943mins
%
100.0
150.1
N
N
75.0
CH3O
50.0
192.1
135.1
25.0
56.1
77.1
42.1
0.0
50
120.1
100
176.1 207.9
150
200
252.9 281.0
326.9
250
300
350
389.0
400
(H) 1-(3-CHLOROPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (mCPP) 9.325mins
%
100.0
154.1
N
N
75.0
Cl
50.0
56.1
0.0
196.0
73.1
25.0
50
111.0 138.0
95.9
100
150
180.8 208.0
200
252.9
250
281.0
296.3 327.0 355.1
300
350
400
(I) 1-(4-METHOXYPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (pMeOPP) 9.325mins
%
100.0
150.1
N
N
OCH3
75.0
50.0
192.1
25.0
0.0
56.1
73.192.0
42.1
50
135.1
177.0 207.9
150
200
100
253.0 281.1
327.1
250
300
350
400
(J) 1-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)PIPERAZINE (pCPP) 9.325mins
%
154.1
100.0
N
N
Cl
75.0
50.0
196.1
25.0
56.1
0.0
42.1
50
111.0
73.0
89.1
100
138.0
150
179.1 208.0
200
253.1 281.0
250
300
327.0 355.0377.0
350
400
(K) 1,4-DIBENZYLPIPERAZINE (DBZP) 10.768mins
%
91.0
100.0
N
75.0
N
50.0
25.0
0.0
42.0 65.0
50
175.1
120.1
266.2
134.2
148.1
206.9 238.0
281.1
327.0 354.1376.9
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
IMMUNOASSAY
100 micrograms / ml
10 micrograms / ml
1 microgram / ml
mAMP
AMP
MET
mAMP
MET
mAMP
A
BZP
P
N
N
P
N
P
B
pFPP
P
N
N
P
N
-
C
TFMPP
N
N
N
N
N
-
D
mMPP
P
N
N
P
N
-
E
pMPP
P
N
N
P
N
-
F
oCPP
P
N
?N
P
?N
G
oMeOPP
N
N
N
N
N
-
H
mCPP
?P
N
N
N
N
-
I
pMeOPP
P
N
N
P
N
J
pCPP
P
N
N
P
N
-
K
DBZP
-
-
-
-
-
-
Test
mAMP
AMP
MET
Syva RapidTest d.a.u. Methylamphetamine
Syva RapidTest d.a.u. Amphetamine
Acon Methylamphetamine
P
N
-
positive
negative
not tested
Cutoff
1 microgram / ml
1 microgram / ml
1 microgram / ml
Occurrence of the compounds in products found in UK
in UK tablets/capsules
A
BZP
Yes
B
pFPP
Yes
C
TFMPP
Yes
D
mMPP
No
E
pMPP
No
F
oCPP
No
G
oMeOPP
No
H
mCPP
Yes
I
pMeOPP
Yes
J
pCPP
?
K
DBZP
Yes
Reaction with Marquis Reagent
Marquis reagent
A
BZP
B
pFPP
N
N
C
TFMPP
N
D
mMPP
N
E
pMPP
N
F
oCPP
G
oMeOPP
H
mCPP
N
N
N
very pale pink
I
pMeOPP
J
pCPP
N
K
DBZP
O