This is the map that can go on the Elmo for student use and can
also be printed inside the foldable.
7. Explain how competition for control of territory and resources in North America led to conflicts in the colonies. (For your response, think
about and include: Queen Anne’s War, King Philip’s War and the French and Indian War)
Name _____________
French and Indian Wars
Part One:
Prepare your foldable
Shutter Fold Directions:
 Fold on straight lines and cut on dotted lines to make the base of your
foldable.
 Put aside the foldable until you and your partner have finished the reading
and guided reading/discussion questions.
 Directions will be given at the end for completing your foldable.
Part Two:
Reading for understanding and summarizing: Three lesser wars contributed to the
French and Indian War – which is considered to be the first world war in history. Read each section with
a partner. Stop, discuss answer any questions after each section. For each section, underline the main idea
and two supporting details.
1. Introduction
Rivalries in Europe bled into life in the Americas causing many conflicts over land
between English, French and even Native Americans in North America. This began as
early as 1689 with a series of three minor wars that culminated in The French and
Indian War from 1754–1763. The French and Indian Wars were the name given by
American historians to a series of North American colonial conflicts between Great
Britain and France in the late 17th and mid-18th centuries. They were part of a fight
in the worldwide struggle for imperial power and eventually impacted or were
impacted by wars happening in Europe. The American lands in dispute between Britain
and France were Canada, the American West, and the West Indies. Native Americans
were involved on both sides in an attempt to save their homelands. Three lesserknown wars in the colonies fueled the fire between the two European rivals and
eventually led to the French and Indian Wars. These three wars are as follows: King
William’s War, Queen Anne’s War, and King George’s War. Eventually, the French
and Indian War will lead to the American Revolution.
o
Underline the main idea and two supporting details.
7. Explain how competition for control of territory and resources in North America led to conflicts in the colonies. (For your response, think
about and include: Queen Anne’s War, King Philip’s War and the French and Indian War)
2. King William's War
King William’s War, (1689–97), North American extension of the War of the Grand
Alliance in Europe between Great Britain and France. Canadian and New England colonists
divided in support of their mother countries and, together with their respective Indian allies,
assumed primary responsibility for their own defense. The British captured the French
fortress known as Port Royal, Acadia but failed to take French stronghold in Quebec. The
French and their Indian allies carried out successful attacks on N.Y., Salmon Falls (in present
New Hampshire), and Casco Bay (in present Maine) but failed against their main target—
Boston. The protracted war ended with the Treaty of Rijswijk (1697). Because of the
importance of Indian participation, it is also known as the first of the four French and Indian
Wars.
o
o
Underline the main idea and two supporting details.
Stop, Discuss and write down the answers below: Who was the war between? Was it an extension of a European
rivalry? How did it end?
3. Queen Anne's War
Queen Anne’s War, (1702–13), second in a series of wars fought between Great Britain and
France in North America for control of the continent. It was born out of the War of the
Spanish Succession in Europe. British military aid to the colonists was devoted mainly to
defense of the area around Charleston, S.C., and the New York and New England frontier
with Canada. English settlements were subject to brutal raids by French forces and their
Indian allies. After the British capture of the key French fortress of Port Royal 1710, the
French-ruled territory known as Acadia became the British province of Nova Scotia. In
addition, under the terms of the Treaties of Utrecht (1713), Britain acquired Newfoundland
and the Hudson Bay region from France.
o
o
Underline the main idea and two supporting details.
Stop, Discuss and write down the answers below: Who was the war between? Was it an extension of a European
rivalry? Who won the most territory? How did it end?
4. King George's War
King George’s War, (1744–48), American phase of the third and inconclusive struggle
between France and Great Britain for mastery of the North American continent. Though
technically at peace between 1713 and 1744, the two colonial powers experienced continual
differences over boundaries of Acadia (Nova Scotia) and northern New England as well as
control of the Ohio Valley. The war was characterized by bloody border raids by both sides
with the aid of their Indian allies. The only important victory was the New Englanders’
7. Explain how competition for control of territory and resources in North America led to conflicts in the colonies. (For your response, think
about and include: Queen Anne’s War, King Philip’s War and the French and Indian War)
capture of Louisbourg, Cape Breton Island, on June 15, 1745. Despite ambitious plans, there
was little effective military aid from either mother country. Tired of costly and vain struggle,
the warring parties signed the Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748), mutually restoring conquered
territory but failing to solve important colonial questions: Who was in control of the Ohio
River Valley? Was Britain or France more powerful in the colonies after this war?
o
o
Underline the main idea and two supporting details.
Stop, Discuss and write down the answers below: Who was the war between? Was it an extension of a European
rivalry? What questions were left unsolved?
The Final French and Indian War
The Seven Years War AKA The French and Indian War. In 1754, once again, war broke
out in the American colonies between the French and the British and their Indian Allies. This
will be the final of squirmishes between the French and British in North America. The
French and Indian War ended in 1763.
Part Three: Look at the map inside your foldable to answer the following questions and
think about the French and Indian War. Answer each question in writing:
a. When were the French and Indian Wars fought?
b. What two European countries and their colonial allies were fighting these wars?
c. Based on the map, who do you think won the final French and Indian War?
Part Four: Finish the Foldable
On the outside of each one of the four flaps, write out each of these titles and then a TWO sentence
summary of each of the readings on the inside of each flap:
Introduction –Early Colonial Wars
King William’s War
Queen Anne’s War
King George’s War
 On the inside of the foldable, respond to the question underneath the map.
Read more/Works Cited:
Read more: French and Indian Wars: The French and Indian War — Infoplease.com or http://www.britannica.com
Complete
7. Explain how competition for control of territory and resources in North America led to conflicts in the colonies. (For your response, think
about and include: Queen Anne’s War, King Philip’s War and the French and Indian War)
The French and Indian War
Rivalry for the West, particularly for the valley of the upper Ohio River Valley, prepared the way
for another war between the British and their colonies and the French.
In 1748 a group of Virginians interested in Western lands formed the Ohio Company, and at the
same time the French were investigating possibilities of occupying the upper Ohio region. The
French were first to act, moving South from Canada and founding two forts. Robert Dinwiddie,
governor of Virginia, sent an emissary, young George Washington, to protest.
The contest between the Ohio Company and the French was now joined and hinged on possession
of the spot where the Monongahela tribe and the Allegheny tribe join to form the Ohio (the site of
Pittsburgh). The English started a fort there but were expelled by the French, who built Fort
Duquesne in 1754.
British General Dinwiddie sent out an expedition under a young General George Washington to try
to take the French Fort Duquesne in 1754. He defeated a small force of French and Native
Americans but had to withdraw and, build his own camp called Fort Necessity. Washington and his
colonial troops held their ground until forced to surrender (July, 1754).
The British colonies, alarmed by French activities at their back door, attempted to coordinate their
activities in the Albany Congress. War had thus broken out in the colonies before fighting truly
began in Europe in their side of the French and Indian War which they called the Seven Years War
(1756–63) in Europe.
The American conflict, the last and by far the most important of the series, is usually called simply
the French and Indian War. The British undertook to capture the French forts in the West—not only
Duquesne, but also Fort Frontenac (see Kingston, Ont., Canada), Fort Niagara, and the posts at
Ticonderoga and Crown Point. They also set out to take Louisburg and the French cities on the St.
Lawrence, Quebec and Montreal. They at first failed in their attempts. The expedition led by
Edward Braddock against Duquesne in 1755 was a costly fiasco, and the attempt by Admiral
Boscawen to blockade Canada and the first expeditions against Niagara and Crown Point were
fruitless.
After 1757, when the British ministry of the elder William Pitt was reconstituted, Pitt was able to
supervise the war in America. Affairs then took a better turn for the British. Lord Amherst in 1758
took Louisburg, where James Wolfe distinguished himself. That same year Gen. John Forbes took
Fort Duquesne (which later was renamed Fort Pitt and is now the site of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania.)
The French Louis Joseph de Montcalm, one of the great commanders of his time, distinguished
himself (1758) by repulsing the attack of James Abercromby on Ticonderoga. The next year that
fort fell to Amherst. In the West, the hold of Sir William Johnson over the Iroquois and the
activities of border troops under his general command—most spectacular, perhaps, were the
exploits of the rangers under Robert Rogers—reduced French holdings and influence.
The war became a fight for the St. Lawrence, with Montcalm pitted against the brilliant Wolfe. The
7. Explain how competition for control of territory and resources in North America led to conflicts in the colonies. (For your response, think
about and include: Queen Anne’s War, King Philip’s War and the French and Indian War)
climax came in 1759 in the open battle on the Plains of Abraham (see Abraham, Plains of). Both
Wolfe and Montcalm were killed, but Quebec fell to the British. In 1760, Montreal also fell, and the
war was over. The Treaty of Paris in 1763 (see Paris, Treaty of) ended French control of Canada,
which went to Great Britain.
Read more: French and Indian Wars: The French and Indian War — Infoplease.com http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/history/A0858256.html#ixzz27rHAGVwh
7. Explain how competition for control of territory and resources in North America led to conflicts in the colonies. (For your response, think
about and include: Queen Anne’s War, King Philip’s War and the French and Indian War)