5.11 Molecular Compounds
5.11 Molecular Compounds
Feb 20­8:07 PM
May 23­11:17 AM
1
5.11 Molecular Compounds
Most of the compounds we encounter in everyday situations do not contain ions.
•
Typically they are molecular compounds.
Molecular Compounds:
•
Formed when nonmetals share electrons to form stable arrangements.
•
Consist of neutral molecules.
•
Non­electrolytes. (They do not conduct electricity because there are no charges.)
•
ex. C6H12O6
H2O
Feb 20­8:12 PM
Naming Molecular Compounds
•
Simple Names
Many molecular compounds have simple names.
•
ex. H2S hydrogen sulfide
•
Note that the second element's ending changes to “ide”.
•
•
Prefix System
Some molecular compounds use a prefix to •
identify the number of elements.
CO – carbon monoxide
•
CO2 – carbon dioxide
•
P2O5 – diphosphorus pentoxide
•
•
See the table on page 204.
Apr 27­12:33 PM
2
5.11 Molecular Compounds
•
Common Names
•
Some names do not follow any rules.
•
Some compounds have always been called something else.
•
H2O – water
•
H2 – hydrogen gas
•
NH3 – ammonia
•
CH4 – methane
•
There is no easy rule for remembering these.
Apr 27­12:36 PM
electrons
bonds
H
H
H
C
C
O
O
Cl
S
N
P
Apr 27­12:37 PM
3
5.11 Molecular Compounds
Molecular Compounds
Water H2O
Methane CH4
Carbon dioxide CO2
Ammonia NH3
Sugar C6H12O6
Nitrogen dioxide NO2
Aluminum chloride Al2Cl6
Chlorine trifluoride ClF3
Aluminum bromide Al2Br6
Feb 20­8:12 PM
Questions page 204
#'s 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6
Feb 20­8:12 PM
4