Standard 7.33 Lesson
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C HAPTER
Chapter 1. Standard 7.33 Lesson
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Standard 7.33 Lesson
Standard 7.33 Lesson
7.33 Describe the development of feudalism and manorialism, its role in the medieval European economy, and
the way in which it was influenced by physical geography (the role of the manor and the growth of towns). (C,
E, G, H, P)
Mr. Zoller’s social studies podcast on the topic of Manorialism
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BncxSWIBxAE&list=PLIVP2iGaX-8zzMf-IuEgKT95GyjiKnPb_
YouTube Medieval Manor - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NASCj4YcHD
Q
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HistoryTeachers - YouTube - I’m a Knight ("Friday Night" by Lily Allen)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AtCxl9leYQ4&list=PLE2204FE3E14F153E&index=11
Key Terms:
•
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•
•
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feudalism (feudal system) - political and social system of the Middle Ages
in Europe, in which lords give land to vassals in exchange for s ervice and loyalty
lord - powerful landowner
serfs - people who live and worked on the manor of a lord or vassal
manor (manorialism) - noble’s house and the villages on his land where the peasants lived
migrate - to move from one place to another
united - to bring together
agriculture - to cultivate the soil; the raising of crops, livestock or both
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Chapter 1. Standard 7.33 Lesson
• economy - the process or system by which goods and services are produced, sold, and bought in a country or
region
THE BEGINNING OF THE MIDDLE AGES
Western Europe began an era of social, political, and economic decline after the western Roman Empire collapsed.
As the Roman Empire ended, a new European civilization emerged. This new European period was called the
Middle Ages. The Middle Ages are the time between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance period.
Over time, the favorable geography of Western Europe attracted different groups of people into the region. The Huns
and Germanic tribes began to migrate (to move from one place to another) into the Roman Empire by around A.D.
300. Other tribes, such as the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes also migrated to the region. These tribes divided Europe
into a collection of small, warring kingdoms.
In 486 A.D., the Franks defeated the last of the Roman army in Western Europe. By the early 530’s, the Franks
controlled much of the land in Gaul and Germany. Gaul is now present day France. The Franks grew rich from their
conquests but their central government did not last long. Eventually, their lands broke into smaller kingdoms.
Ducksters: Daily Life in the Middle Ages (10 question quiz included)
http://www.ducksters.com/history/middle_ages/daily_life_in_the_middle_ages.php
Ducksters: Feudal System in the Middle Ages ( 10 Question quiz included)
http://www.ducksters.com/history/middle_ages_feudal_system.php
In 717, Charles Martel (Charles the Hammer) united (to bring together) the Frankish lands under his rule. The battle
of Tours in 732 was his most important victory. During the Tours battle, Charles Martel led Frankish warriors to
defeat a Muslim army from Spain. Muslim armies did not advance any farther into Western Europe, although they
did rule most of what is now Spain.
Website: Early Dark Ages II (600 - 755)
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worldology.com
http://www.worldology.com/Europe/early_dark_ages_2.htm
Key Questions:
1. What were the Middle Ages?
2. What is united?
BrainPop - Middle Ages (BrainPop is paid for by Tullahoma City Schools for classroom use.)
https://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/worldhistory/middleages/
THE RISE OF CHARLEMAGNE
Charlemagne
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j4PI8dEWTGE
and.....
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9AMpIU-JYw
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Chapter 1. Standard 7.33 Lesson
Feudalism: Charlemagne and the Holy Roman Empire
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/feudalism-charlemagne-and-the-holy-roman-empire.html#lesson
In 768, Charles Martel’s grandson became king of the Franks. His name was also Charles. Today, He is referred to
as Charlemagne (SHAHR luh mayn), or Charles the Great. Charlemagne spent much of his 46 years reign fighting
to increase his power and territory.
Charlemagne, a great warrior, led his armies to conquer large parts of Italy, Germany, France, and part of northern
Spain. Soon he controlled land from the Pyrenees Mountains in the west to the Danube River in the east. In doing
so, he united a great variety of European people under the same government. Charlemagne’s rule was a high point
of the early Middle Ages.
Pictured Above: Charlemagne
After Charlemagne’s death, his son Louis became emperor. When Louis died, his three sons fought each other for
control of the kingdom. They all signed a treaty that divided the empire into three parts. This split weakened the
Frankish kingdom. The decline of the Frankish rule led to disorder across Europe.
Invaders took advantage of this disorder. The Franks were being attacked by Vikings. The Vikings were skillful
sailors and fierce warriors from Scandinavia that terrorized coastal villages. From Scandinavia, the Vikings could
easily reach the British Isles and mainland Europe. Beginning in the mid 800’s, Europe became a place of constant
conflict and warfare. For 250 years, Europe was terrorized by such raids. The fall of Charlemagne’s empire and the
constant invasions led to the development of a new system called feudalism.
Pictured Above: Vikings
Youtube: The Vikings - A Short Educational Film
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLG-DKLxwns
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Key Question:
1. What caused the constant conflict after Charlemagne’s death?
THE RISE OF FEUDALISM
http://www.learner.org/interactives/middleages/feudal.html
Europe became a place of constant conflict with invaders threatening from all directions. As Muslim and Viking
armies continued to invade, kings were too weak to protect the people. During this violent period, people looked
for protection. Powerful local lords took over the responsibility of protecting the people and land. This led to the
creation of a political and social system known as feudalism.
The more powerful lords (powerful landowner) divided their lands or fiefs (feefs) among lesser lords or vassals.
Lesser lords and vassals would pledge their service and loyalty (to be faithful) to the more powerful lord in exchange
for the land and protection. The system of trading protection for loyalty was known as the feudal system .
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Chapter 1. Standard 7.33 Lesson
However, the lords and other vassals were not able to provide all the protection and other services for the king. The
lords and vassals would allow serfs to work and live on their land for protection. A large number of people during
the Middle Ages were serfs. Serfs were people who live and worked on the manor of a lord or vassal.
BrainPop: Feudalism
(West Middle has a license to use this program)
http://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/worldhistory/feudalism/
Youtube: Medieval Europe: Feudalism
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HCPp7XWZfHo
Pictured Above: The serf’s homes and gardens
Youtube: Medieval Lives: The Peasant 1 / 9
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-Z1eb4TRqs
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In return for the lord’s protection and the use of the lord’s land, serfs had to pay a great price. For example, serfs
might have to work three or four days a week for the lord, tilling his fields, repairing his buildings, or running his
mill. Women often worked in the noble’s house, spinning or weaving.
During the Middle Ages, warfare was a way of life. Lords constantly battled for power. Many boys and young men
from noble families trained to become knights or warriors.
The young boys and men were sent to the castle of his father’s lord. They would learn to fight and ride a horse. After
years of training, the young boys and men pledged their loyalty to the lord and became a knight.
Pictured Above: Knighthood
During war, knights served their lords in battle. They used swords, axes, and lances (long spears). They wore armor
made of chain mail with small metal rings during the early Middle Ages. However, heavy plate armor made of solid
metal was worn in the later Middle Ages.
Youtube: Medieval Castles
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsHTxXm90Xk
and.....
The Design of a Castle
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_w4FGgOVsM
Pictured Above: Knights Jousting
The First Jousters - Jousting and other forms of weapons training can be traced back to the Middle Ages and the rise
of the use of the heavy cavalry (armored warriors on horseback)-the primary battlefield weapons of the day. The
feudal system then in place required rich landowners and nobles to provide knights to fight for their king during
war. Jousting provided these knights with practical, hands-on preparation in horsemanship, accuracy and combat
simulations that kept them in fighting shape between battles.
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Chapter 1. Standard 7.33 Lesson
Youtube: The Worst Jobs in History - The Middle Ages - Part 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZrE1mVcB2k
Key Questions:
1. How did warfare and the constant threat of invasion in Europe help lead to the creation of feudalism?
2. Draw the diagram below. Complete the feudalism system.
Think about the following as you complete the pyramid:
• Who was at the top of the pyramid?
• Who was at the bottom of the pyramid?
• What services did they provide and receive?
Feudalism
3. Use your completed pyramid to answer the following questions:
• Which group held the least amount of power?
• Which group held the most power?
• What group represented the largest part of the population?
4. What role did lords or vassals play in the structure of feudalism?
5. The Middle Ages is sometimes called the “Dark Ages.” Why do you think this is so?
6. What was a fief?
MANORIALISM SYSTEM
Manorialism was an essential element of the feudal system. Manorialism was based on a single lord who owned an
entire estate.
For most Europeans, life during the Middle Ages was based on the manor. A manor included a noble’s house and
the villages on his land where the peasants lived and worked. The manorial system provided stability during the
ancient and dark times where the only safety was behind the thick impenetrable walls of a mighty manor, or even
more effective, castle.
Manorialism was a social system where the peasants of medieval Europe were forced to be dependent on the lord
and on their land. The manor system was an easy method for organizing the estates of the lords and the clergy in the
European Middle Ages and it made feudalism possible.
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The manor was a large block of land made up of farmland, the village, a mill, a church, and the house or castle. The
typical manor village consisted of cottages, huts, barns, and gardens. The village was surrounded by large fields that
were farmed in rotation each year. There were also meadows for supplying hay, pastures for livestock, and forests
for gathering wood.
Youtube: Manorialism Fun (powerpoint lesson)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EDo_o09m5tM
Youtube: Exploring an English Medieval House 3d
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5KMERUjP_o
Key Questions:
1. What was a manor?
2. What role did the manor system play in the economic structure of Europe during the Middle Ages?
3. How were the manors self-sufficient?
4. Who was forced to be dependent on m anorialism?
5. Did serfs or vassals have more power in the Middle Ages?
ECONOMY: THE GROWTH OF TOWNS
Manors became worlds unto themselves, and few people ever left the property. The educated middle class all but
disappeared during the Middle Ages. Most schools ceased to exist, and few people could read or write Latin. Most
Europeans forget about the achievements of the Greeks and Romans in the arts and learning.
Other Middle A ges occupations included artisans who produced commodities made from glass, wood, clay and
iron. The artisans included weavers, shoemakers, masons, blacksmiths, tailors and carpenters. As trade increased
toward the end of the medieval times, merchants became very important.
The rise of the merchants increased the development of towns and cities in the middle ages. Other important
professionals included dentists, barbers, teachers and surgeons.
The 12th and 13th century saw significant growth and expansion in the Middle Ages economy. Agriculture remained
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Chapter 1. Standard 7.33 Lesson
to be a large part of the economy. The proper management of the manors and farms increased their productivity and
allowed the economy to diversify away from agriculture. Other economic activities such as mining and forestry.
Economic expansion led to the growth of trading which the merchants dominated. Merchants travelled across
countries searching for goods and products that they would trade in other countries. They brought with them cloth,
food, spices, and jewelry. The growth of merchant trade led to the development of towns and cities.
Key Questions:
1. Who increased the development of towns and cities?
2. What is economy?
3. What is agriculture?
4. How were merchants able to increase trading?
5. List ways that life changed by the end of the Middle Ages.
Discussion: Notice that during the later Middle Ages that the merchant class appears in the social hierarchy.
Youtube: Feudalism in Medieval Europe
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Riz5HdoHRE
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Mr. Corwin’s Feudalism I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Riz5HdoHRE
Mr. Corwin’s Feudalism II
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vCxXKS1gNo
Mr. Corwin’s Feudalism III
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ab3VwpVkgSc
Log on to www.studyisland.com using your 7th grade account. You will select Social Studies (2013) and go to
Section 7 B - Medieval European Government and Feudalism. Review the lesson and do the exercises.
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Chapter 1. Standard 7.33 Lesson
PowerPoint - The Middle Ages
https://docs.google.com/a/tcsedu.net/presentation/d/14lAW4ENTSOfZl7ZJgC_AOKRZDszVEltVQyRowGMHJgs/edi
t#slide=id.p41
PowerPoint - The Middle Ages:Myth and Reality
https://docs.google.com/a/tcsedu.net/presentation/d/1rWQQU_LXu7rtW_1oBOk45doVMdb9JW6aH8Wi2TDojsM
/edit#slide=id.p16
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