Topic # 1.3
GPS: 1a, 4a,b
Fun with Atoms, Ions, and
Valence Electrons Funsheet
Name: ___________________________
Date: __________________ Per: _____
Directions: Use your notes on Atoms vs. Ions, Valence Electrons to answer the following questions.
SPS1. Students will investigate our
current understanding of the atom.
a. Examine the structure of the
atom in terms of proton, electron,
and neutron locations, atomic mass
and atomic number, atoms with
different numbers of neutrons
(isotopes), and explain the
relationship of the proton number to
the element’s identity. SPS4.
Students will investigate the
arrangement of the Periodic Table.
a. Determine the trends of the
following: number of valence
electrons, types of ions formed by
representative elements, location of
metals, nonmetals, and metalloids,
and phases at room temperature.
b. Use the Periodic Table to predict
the above properties for
representative elements.
1. How is an atom different from an ion? ________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2. How is an atom similar to an ion? ____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. A cation (which is a ______________________ ion) is created when an atom (loses, gains) a(n) __________________________ .
4. An anion (which is a ______________________ ion) is created when an atom (loses, gains) a(n) __________________________ .
5. Define valence electron: ____________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Where is a valence electron found? ___________________________________________________________________________
7. How many total electrons do these elements have?
Si = _______, Na = _______, F = _______, Ar = _______, Be = _______
8. How many valence electrons do these elements have? Si = _______, Na = _______, F = _______, Ar = _______, Be = _______
9. How many valence electrons do most atoms want to have for maximum stability? __________ Which elements on the periodic
table already have this number of valence electrons? _____________________________________________________________
10. Explain why He is stable with just 2 valence electrons (instead of the number you indicated in #9 above):
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
11. Describe how these elements would achieve the desired number of valence electrons for maximum stability:
a. N = (loses, gains) ____ electrons, forming a _____ charge.
c. F = (loses, gains) ____ electrons, forming a _____ charge.
b. Na = (loses, gains) ____ electrons, forming a ____ charge.
d. Si = (loses, gains) ____ electrons, forming a _____ charge.
12. Explain how losing electrons helps an element achieve the desired number of valence electrons for maximum stability:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
13. When we say an ion “looks like” a noble gas on the outside, what do we mean? _______________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
14. Why do the charges of the elements NOT found in the first 2 and last 6 columns of the periodic table vary?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15. Show how these atoms change into ions, following the example below:
Atom Info:
Atom E Level Diagram
Mg
symbol:
Forming Ion
Ion E Level Diagram
symbol: _Mg_
lose/gain e-? _lose_
# of p+: _12_
Ion Info:
# of p+: _12_
Ion Formation
# of total e-: _12_
how many? __2_
# of total e-: _10_
# of val. e-: __2_
resulting charge: _+2_
# of val. e-: __8_
Atom Info:
F__
symbol:
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
symbol:
N__
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
symbol:
B__
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
symbol:
S__
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
symbol:
Si_
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
Atom E Level Diagram
Forming Ion
lose/gain e-? _____
Ion Formation
how many? ____
resulting charge: ____
lose/gain e-? _____
Ion Formation
how many? ____
resulting charge: ____
lose/gain e-? _____
Ion Formation
how many? ____
resulting charge: ____
lose/gain e-? _____
Ion Formation
how many? ____
resulting charge: ____
lose/gain e-? gain
Ion Formation
how many? ____
resulting charge: ____
Ion E Level Diagram
Ion Info:
symbol: ____
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
symbol: ____
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
symbol: ____
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
symbol: ____
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____
symbol: ____
# of p+: ____
# of total e-: ____
# of val. e-: ____