Name:
Period:
Unit 2(A) Interactive Vocab:
Westward Expansion, Immigration, and the Rise of Jim Crow
Word
1. Push/Pull Factors
2. Urbanization (93)
3. Tenements
Definition
• Factors for why immigrants come
to America
• PUSH: something that pushes
people from homelands, such as:
poverty, religious persecution
• PULL: something that pulls
people to America, such as:
freedom, economic opportunity
• Caused by two factors:
o Movement of people
from countryside to cities
o Immigration
• Caused multiple problems
because growth happened too
quickly
Analysis
What were some of the Push Factors
for the New Immigrants?
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Crowded one-room apartments
that lacked (or didn’t have)
daylight or adequate plumbing
or heating
A rundown apartment building
Families shared single toilet
Using the image and definition, who
do you think would live in the
tenements?
Time period from approximately
1803-1890 where the U.S.
expanded from East to West
Examples: Settling of the
Louisiana Territory and the
Mexican Cession
Why did settlers expand westward
despite the challenges of the
physical environment there?
By the mid-1880s, gold had been
discovered in several regions
near Alaska, sparking the
Klondike Gold Rush
The rush of miners to the gold
fields in British Columbia and
Yukon territory led to new
towns in Alaska (purchased in
1867)
What happened to “boom towns”
after they were discovered to not
have gold?
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4. Westward Expansion
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5. Klondike Gold Rush (193)
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List 3 problems in the cities due to
Urbanization:
6. Great Plains
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7. Nativism
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8. Chinese Exclusion Act 1882 (90)
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9. Exoduster (130)
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10. Homestead Act of 1862 (130)
11. Transcontinental Railroad (127)
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The broad expanse of flat
grassland land that lies west of
the Mississippi River states and
east of the Rocky Mountains in
the United States and Canada
Area heavily settled for cattle
ranching and dry farming
Why are the Great Plains attractive
to farmers and cattle ranchers?
Want to restrict immigration
Believe other races, religions, and
nationalities are inferior
Believe that non-Anglo
immigrants could never be fully
“Americanized” and that
immigrants would take jobs away
from Americans
First Federal law restricting
immigration to U.S. based solely
on nationality or race
Prohibited immigration of
Chinese laborers
Limited civil rights of Chinese
immigrants already in the U.S.
and forbade the naturalization of
Chinese residents
Blacks that left the South after
the end of Reconstruction
Organized by Benjamin Singleton
Sought a new “promised land” in
Kansas
Called Exodusters after the book
from the Bible, Exodus
Nativism was common in the 19th20th centuries. Do you see nativism
today? If so against which group?
Encouraged Western migration
and expansion
•
Provided settlers 160 acres of
land
•
Settler paid a small filing fee
and if he/she grew crops, built
a home, and lived on land for
five years, then owned the land
•
Government distributed over of
80 million acres of land by 1900
•
European immigrants attracted
to free land
• The Central Pacific Railroad and
Union Pacific Railroad merged at
Promontory, Utah on 5/10/1869
• 2,000 miles long
• Many builders were Chinese
immigrants
• Easier to travel between East and
West coast
What do you think were the reasons
why the Chinese were excluded 1st?
Why were the African Americans
escaping the South after
Reconstruction?
Why were the European Immigrants
attracted to the offer of free land?
How will the Transcontinental
Railroad help westward expansion?
12. Assimilation/Americanization (124)
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Before
After
13. Dawes Act of 1887 (124)
14. Reservations (119)
15. Civil War Amendments
a. 13th Amendment (43)
b. 14th Amendment (47)
Give an example of assimilation
today:
Traditional tribal feats, dances,
and even funeral practices were
outlawed—ended traditional
tribal life
• Divided reservation land into
private family plots
• Each family given 160-acre
parcels
• Native Americans expected to
become farmers
• Native Americans were forced by
the government to live on these
lands
• Land given usually unsuitable for
crops or animals
• Trail of Tears (1830s) – the
Cherokee Indians forced march
to a reservation and nearly ¼ of
the Cherokees died on the march
How does the Dawes Act threaten
tribal culture and heritage?
•
13th Amendment – all slaves are
free; abolished slavery
Which of the Civil War Amendments
do you think is the most important
and why?
•
14th Amendment – citizenship to
former slaves and equal
protection to former slaves;
Includes guarantees of equal
protection of the laws and due
process
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15th Amendment – prohibits the
federal and state governments
from denying a citizen the right
to vote based on that citizen's
"race, color, or previous
condition of servitude”
•
Rigid or strict anti-black laws in
the South beginning 1876
through the 1950’s
Blacks became second class
citizens
Laws legalizing racial segregation
of blacks and whites
c. 15th Amendment (47)
16. Jim Crow (49)
Process through which an
immigrant group abandons its
ethnic traditions to adopt the
cultural norms of mainstream
America
Learning to dress, speak, and act
like other Americans
•
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If you were in charge of the United
States during this time, how would
you treat the Native Americans?
How could Jim Crow Laws exist after
the passage of the Civil War
Amendments?
17. Grandfather Clause (50)
•
In the South, if you were African
American, you could vote ONLY IF
your Grandfather could have
voted prior to the 15th
amendment
Why is this unfair?
18. Poll Tax (49)
•
A tax someone paid in order to
vote
Differed by state
In some states it differed by race
If voting is a person’s right, is it legal
to make someone pay to vote?
Give an example of segregation:
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19. Segregation
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The forced separation of races in
public places
20. Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 (176)
•
Explain how the cartoon shows the
U.S. Supreme Court case that
“separate but equal” doctrine or
established the “separate but
theory?
equal” doctrine
Segregation became legal as long
as the facilities provided to blacks
were equal to those provided to
whites
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21. NAACP (177)
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22. Booker T. Washington (50)
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23. W. E. B. Du Bois (50)
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National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
Formed in 1909 to fight for the
end segregation through the
courts and ensure African
American men could exercise
their right to vote
What was the NAACP’s main
concern? (What were they trying to
achieve?)
Born a slave
Founded Tuskegee Institute, a
school for African Americans
Believed education and job
training was the path to black
self-reliance and success in
America
Change and integration should
come slowly or gradually
Scholar and political activist who
helped found the NAACP
Promoted social change, and
wanted immediate social change
and rights
Disagreed with black leaders who
urged integration into white
society
How did Booker T. Washington’s
view on civil rights differ from Du
Bois’ view?
What political organization did he
help found? What does the
organization do?