9/26/2016 Theodore Roosevelt Theodore Roosevelt Progressive Politics Video Theodore Roosevelt Youngest President in American history - 42 President from 1901 to 1909. “Trust Buster” and Progressive. The Square Deal Coal Strike of 1902 Protect Public Health Regulate Transportation Conserve the nation’s resources 1 9/26/2016 Coal Strike of 1902 Coal Strike of 1902 Trust Busting United Mine Workers struck for better pay and hours. Mine owners locked them out of mines, threatening the nation’s heating supply. TR brought two sides together to arbitrate. TR threatened use of the army if owners would not negotiate. Trust Busting Trust Busting Roosevelt’s reputation for breaking up large corporations. He actually thought trusts could be useful, more competitive, and lower prices. Used “Gentleman’s Agreement” to leave JP Morgan’s U.S. Steel intact. Regulation instead of break-up Upton Sinclair 2 9/26/2016 Upton Sinclair Upton Sinclair Wrote The Jungle in 1906, which exposed the unsanitary conditions of the meatpacking industry. https://www.youtub e.com/watch?v=nyH 7D9DF0Mc Meat Inspection Act . Meat Inspection Act Meat Inspection Act 1906 law that required federal inspection of meat shipped across state lines Required standards of cleanliness in meatpacking plants Pure Food and Drug Act 3 9/26/2016 Pure Food and Drug Act Pure Food and Drug Act John Muir John Muir Forbid the manufacture, sale, and shipment of impure or falsely labeled food and drugs. Law gave USDA enforcement power Another change in relationship between govt. and business. American naturalist who believed in protecting wild places. Convinced TR to use presidential power for environmental conservation. Lobbied for the creation of Yosemite National Park National Park Service Yosemite National Park 4 9/26/2016 National Park Service National Park Service National Park Service TR protected over 148 million acres as National Parks NPS created in 1916 to administer the system of parks. William H. Taft William H. Taft William H. Taft TR’s handpicked successor, won election in 1908 Busted more trusts than TR and finished Panama Canal project But TR decided Taft had betrayed progressive ideals 5 9/26/2016 Progressive Party Progressive Party Progressive Party Progressive Party Woodrow Wilson Reform party that broke from the Republicans . Nominated TR in 1912 for president Referred to as the Bull Moose Party Taft ran again to preserve party, vote was split, electing the Democrat… Woodrow Wilson 6 9/26/2016 Elected President in 1912 as a reformer Promised “New Freedom” Woodrow Wilson Tame big business More Competition No special privileges 16th Amendment Previous jobs as professor and Governor of New Jersey 16th Amendment 16th Amendment Permits Congress to levy taxes based on an individual’s income. 7 9/26/2016 Created a system where the tax rate is dependent on income. Those with a higher income are taxed at a higher rate than those with a lower income. Federal Reserve Act Federal Reserve Act Federal Reserve Act Act that created a board to manage the nation’s economy through monetary policy. Can adjust money supply Low interest rates = more borrowing. High interest rates = slower economy and less inflation Clayton Antitrust Act 8 9/26/2016 Clayton Antitrust Act Clayton Antitrust Act Clayton Antitrust Act 1914 law that strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act by clearly defining a monopoly and trust. Prohibited price discrimination. Keating-Owen Child Labor Act Keating-Owen Child Labor Act Keating-Owen Child Labor Act 1916 law that outlawed the interstate sale of products produced by child labor Declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1918. Court felt the law was beyond power of Congress 9 9/26/2016 Niagara Movement Niagara Movement Niagara Movement 1905 – W.E.B du Bois and 28 African-American leaders met at Niagara Falls, NY. Demanded voting rights be respected and their full rights as American citizens be recognized NAACP NAACP NAACP 1906 – founding of National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Used court system to fight civil rights restrictions across the U.S. 10 9/26/2016 Realism Jack London White Fang Call of the Wild Popular during the late 19th and early 20th centuries Art and literature depicting things as they really are. Reflected social changes brought about by industrialization Mark Twain Tom Sawyer Huckleberry Finn Seems like a kid’s story, but… Huck’s father is a drunk who beats him. On the river, he learns to value people based on their ability. Escaped slave is one of few trustworthy people Nature vs Civilization James Whistler Realistic images of human beings. “Whistler’s Mother” 11 9/26/2016 12
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