POLY Vocabulary List
Subject : Vocabulary Textbook : Essential Vocabulary For Gr.4 Chapter / Unit / Lesson : Week 20 Add a checkmark ( √ ) beside the words you already know. Add a triangle ( analogy
) for the words you need to study.
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(n.) a comparison of two things based on their being alike in some way
Sample Sentence : The professor made an analogy between humans and
machines.
Synonyms : similarity, comparison
Antonyms : dissimilarity
assembly
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(n.) a group of people gathered together for a common purpose
Sample Sentence : An assembly crowded around the stage to hear the
speech.
Synonyms : gathering, body, group, crowd
Antonyms :
bandolier
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(n.) (bandoliers) a belt that is worn over the shoulder and across the body
and that holds bullets
Sample Sentence : The soldier became nervous when he realized his
bandolier was empty.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
caress
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(v.) (caressed) to touch in a tender or loving way (n.) a tender or loving touch
or hug
Sample Sentence : My mother took my baby brother in her arms and
caressed him. I felt so loved in my father's caress.
Synonyms : (v. & n.) hug, touch, embrace
Antonyms :
comical
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(adj.) funny
Sample Sentence : The comical clowns made the children laugh.
Synonyms : amusing, humorous
Antonyms : serious, solemn
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comical
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(adj.) funny
Sample Sentence : The comical clowns made the children laugh.
Synonyms : amusing, humorous
Antonyms : serious, solemn
confirm
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(v.) 1. to show or prove to be true 2. to approve or give one's agreement to
Sample Sentence : The police confirmed the identity of the criminal by his
fingerprints. They voted to confirm the treaty.
Synonyms : 1. prove, show, check 2. approve, certify
Antonyms : 1. contradict, repudiate 2. reject, deny, void
cower
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(v.) (cowered) to shrink from, as if from fear
Sample Sentence : The dog cowered in the corner because it was scared of
people.
Synonyms : hide, crouch
Antonyms :
descend
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(v.) to go down
Sample Sentence : The climbers descended to the bottom of the mountain.
Synonyms : lower, drop, fall, sink, decline, plunge, slope, drop, fall
Antonyms : ascend, rise, climb
dissolve
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(v.) (dissolved) to make a solution of, as by mixing with a liquid
Sample Sentence : He stirred the sugar until it dissolved in the water.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
ecosystem
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(n.) all the living and nonliving things that exist and affect each other in an
area
Sample Sentence : The rain forests of Central America have many delicately
balanced ecosystems.
ecosystem
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(n.) all the living and nonliving things that exist and affect each other in an
area
Sample Sentence : The rain forests of Central America have many delicately
balanced ecosystems.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
exhaustion
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(n.) the state of being extremely tired
Sample Sentence : He ran to the point of complete exhaustion.
Synonyms : weariness, fatigue
Antonyms : rejuvenation, refreshment
extinct
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(adj.) no longer existing or living
Sample Sentence : Dinosaurs are an example of an animal species that have
become extinct.
Synonyms : nonexistent, vanished, dead
Antonyms : living
figurative
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(adj.) using imaginative comparisons to express an idea or thought
Sample Sentence : She made up a figurative story when her mom asked her
a question.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
foundation
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(n.) the solid layer of cement, bricks, stones, etc., that is put under a building
to support it
Sample Sentence : The building is sturdy because it is built on a solid
foundation.
Synonyms : base
Antonyms :
humanitarian
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(n.) a person who shows concern for the well-being of people (adj.) showing
concern for the well-being of people
humanitarian
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(n.) a person who shows concern for the well-being of people (adj.) showing
concern for the well-being of people
Sample Sentence : The humanitarian spent the summer building houses for
the poor. They sent humanitarian aid to the starving and poor.
Synonyms : (adj.) charitable, compassionate
Antonyms :
idiom
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(n.) an expression whose meaning cannot be understood from the usual
meanings of the words in it
Sample Sentence : He couldn't figure out the meaning of the idiom "Kill two
birds with one stone."
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
interior
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(n.) the inside part of something (adj.) having to do with the inside part
Sample Sentence : She bought a lot of new furniture to decorate the interior
of the house. The outside of our school is blue, but the interior walls are
pink..
Synonyms : (n.) inside (adj.) internal, inner, inside
Antonyms : (n.) outside (adj.) external, exterior, outside, outer
mainstream
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(adj.) accepted by the general public
Sample Sentence : Most people get their news from mainstream media.
Synonyms : normal, typical, conventional, ordinary, majority
Antonyms :
mayor
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(n.) the leader of a town or city
Sample Sentence : The mayor of New York is considered a great leader.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
model
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(v.) (modeled) to plan or form after a pattern
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model
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(v.) (modeled) to plan or form after a pattern
Sample Sentence : The artist modeled the sculpture to look like a horse.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
pasture
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(n.) (pastures) ground on which vegetation grows that is set aside for use by
domestic grazing animals, such as cows
Sample Sentence : We keep the cattle and sheep in the pasture.
Synonyms : land, grass, field, meadow
Antonyms :
pessimist
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(n.) a person who expects things to turn out badly
Sample Sentence : Marty is a pessimist because he always sees things
negatively.
Synonyms : worrier
Antonyms : optimist
preparation
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(n.) 1. something done to get ready 2. the act of getting ready
Sample Sentence : Having a wedding requires a lot of preparation. Their
preparation helped them pass the test.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
pseudonym
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(n.) a made-up name used by an author
Sample Sentence : Everyone thought the author was a man because she
used the pseudonym George Sands.
Synonyms : alias, nickname
Antonyms :
requirement
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(n.) something that is needed or that must be done
Sample Sentence : Water is a requirement for all living things to survive.
Synonyms : necessity
requirement
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(n.) something that is needed or that must be done
Sample Sentence : Water is a requirement for all living things to survive.
Synonyms : necessity
Antonyms :
scarce
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(adj.) not plentiful or abundant
Sample Sentence : The animals began to starve as food became scarce.
Synonyms : meager, scant
Antonyms : plentiful
site
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(n.) a location, scene, or place where something was, is, or will be
Sample Sentence : A special building committee searched the city for a site
to build a new public library.
Synonyms : spot, location
Antonyms :
superior
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(adj.) better than something else
Sample Sentence : This pudding from this restaurant is superior to the one at
the cafe.
Synonyms : better, greater
Antonyms : inferior, poor
transport
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(v.) (transported) to carry or transfer from one place to another
Sample Sentence : The ship transported the lumber up the river.
Synonyms : carry, move
Antonyms : accept, receive
vain
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(adj.) 1. having too high an opinion of one's looks or achievements 2. without
success
Sample Sentence : The handsome model is so vain about how he looks that
a lot of people don't like him. Jim's attempt to score a goal from the other side
vain
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(adj.) 1. having too high an opinion of one's looks or achievements 2. without
success
Sample Sentence : The handsome model is so vain about how he looks that
a lot of people don't like him. Jim's attempt to score a goal from the other side
of the field was in vain.
Synonyms : 1. boastful, arrogant 2. futile, useless, fruitless, unsuccessful
Antonyms : 1. modest, humble 2. effective, fruitful, successful