8/25/2016
Cell structure and diversity
Bio100 (Dr Paddack) Lecture 2 (8/24/16)
I.Cells
A. Definition
B. Discovery
C. Cell Theory
D. Cells are small – why?
E. Components of all cells
1. Plasma membrane
2. Cytosol
3. Cytoskeleton
4. Chromosomes
5. Ribosomes
F. Two overall cell types
1. Prokaryotes
2. Eukaryotes
G. Structure & Function of Eukaryotic cells
1. Structural support, movement
a. Cytoskeleton
b. Plasma membrane
c. In plants – cell wall
2. Control center
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosomes
3. Manufacture, distribution, breakdown of molecules
a. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
4. Energy processing
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDT0yn9jk7M
Cork oak, Quercus suber
Cells Discovered!
1665 – Robert Hooke
Check out
this cool
microscope
I made!
I took some gunk from y
teeth & saw “tiny
animalcules, very prettily
a-moving”!
Mount Athos, Greece
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
Cell Theory
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuJqqiATlqw
Spyrogyra spp.
Takht-i-Bahi, Pakistan
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8/25/2016
10 m
100 mm
(10 cm)
Length of
some nerve
and muscle
cells
Chicken
egg
10 mm
(1 cm)
Unaided eye
Human height
1m
Frog egg
10 m
1 m
100 nm
Most plant and
animal cells
Nucleus
Most bacteria
Mitochondrion
Smallest bacteria
Viruses
Ribosome
10 nm
Electron microscope
100 m
Cells
Paramecium
Human egg
Light microscope
1 mm
Proteins
Lipids
1 nm
0.1 nm
Small molecules
Atoms
Prokaryotes
Membranes separate the cell from environment,
BUT materials must cross them!
…all have cells with important similarities…
Eukaryotes …and differences
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qqsf_UJcfBc
Eukaryotic Cells: Endomembrane System
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rABKB5aS2Zg
Plants
Animals
Fungi
Lecture 2 (8/24/16): Cells – Study Questions
1. What is a cell?
2. List the 3 statements of Cell Theory.
3. Why are cells small and spherical?
4. List 2 purposes of the plasma membrane.
5. Draw a plasma membrane, being sure to include the
structure of the lipid bilayer.
6. List 5 structures that ALL cells have.
7. What are the 2 basic cell types? Which groups of
organisms does each encompass?
8. List 2 features that distinguish these 2 cell types.
9. Define & list the function of each of the following:
cytosol, cytoskeleton, DNA, ribosome, nucleus,
endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
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