Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011
(a)
(b)
eppendorf tip (~10 l)
commercial needle (25 G)
cutting off the end(s)
boring the side-pore
Supplementary Figure S1. Fabrication of needles having side pores.
Current density / mAcm-2
0.6
0.2
BOD electrode
-0.2
-0.6
-1.0
-1.4
-1.8
pH 5.0 buffer solution
pH 5.0 hydrogel
-2.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
Electrode potential / V vs. Ag/AgCl
Supplementary Figure S2. Cyclic voltammograms of KB/BOD/KB electrodes in pH 5 buffer and
hydrogel at 10 mV s-1.
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Energy & Environmental Science
This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2011
1 cm
Current density / mAcm-2
Supplementary Figure S3. Photograph of the biofuel cell that consists of four needle anodes.
0.8
GDH/PLL-NAD+/Dp/PLL-VK3 electrode
0.4
0.0
-0.4
30 mM glucose solution
raw grape
-0.8
-0.5
-0.3
-0.1
0.1
0.3
0.5
Electrode potential / V vs. Ag/AgCl
Supplementary Figure S4. Cyclic voltammograms of GDH/PLL-NAD+/Dp/PLL-VK3 electrodes at
10 mV s-1 in 30 mM glucose-containing phosphate buffer (pH 7) and in raw grape (pH5~6).
Supplementary Figure S5. Power curve of the mineature biofuel cell (arrayed 4 anodes) taken in
a 35 mM fructose experimental solution and in a raw grape berry.