POLY Vocabulary List
Subject : Vocabulary Textbook : Essential Vocabulary For Gr.4 Chapter / Unit / Lesson : Week 19 Add a checkmark ( √ ) beside the words you already know. Add a triangle ( amiable
) for the words you need to study.
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(adj.) friendly; good-natured and pleasant
Sample Sentence : Sharon is liked by everyone because of her amiable
personality.
Synonyms : friendly, cheerful, pleasant, nice
Antonyms : unfriendly, mean, cold, hateful
ancestor
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(n.) (ancestors) a relative who was born long ago
Sample Sentence : Her ancestors came to Australia from England in the
1800s.
Synonyms : forefather
Antonyms :
barrier
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(n.) (barriers) something that blocks free movement
Sample Sentence : The metal barrier prevented them from entering.
Synonyms : obstruction, barricade
Antonyms : passage, opening
claim
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(v.) (claimed) 1. to ask for or demand as one's own 2. to say strongly as a
fact; to declare to be true (n.) a demand for something as one's due or right
Sample Sentence : The teacher told her students to claim all of their
belongings before boarding the school bus. My brother claimed that he saw a
ghost. Early settlers often staked a claim on land they wanted.
Synonyms : (v.) 1. take, demand 2. assert, declare, believe (n.) right
Antonyms : (v.) 1. renounce, disown 2. deny
constantly
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(adv.) without variation or change; in every case
Sample Sentence : Our teacher is constantly telling us to write our names on
our papers.
Synonyms : continuously, always
Antonyms : never
constantly
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(adv.) without variation or change; in every case
Sample Sentence : Our teacher is constantly telling us to write our names on
our papers.
Synonyms : continuously, always
Antonyms : never
controversy
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(n.) a dispute, especially a public one, between sides holding different views
Sample Sentence : The proposal to tear down a landmark caused a major
controversy in town.
Synonyms : debate, dispute
Antonyms :
defer
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(v.) (deferred) to choose to do something at a later time
Sample Sentence : It is not wise to defer your work much longer because the
deadline is approaching.
Synonyms : delay, procrastinate, stall, postpone
Antonyms : hasten, hurry, advance
district
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(n.) a particular area of a city
Sample Sentence : My best friend loves fashion, so she is moving to the
shopping district of the city.
Synonyms : community, precinct, section
Antonyms :
election
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(n.) the process of choosing a person for an office in government
Sample Sentence : The election of the senator will take place next week.
Synonyms : selection, vote
Antonyms :
feat
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(n.) (feats) an amazing achievement
Sample Sentence : The clowns in the circus performed many feats that
amazed the crowd.
feat
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(n.) (feats) an amazing achievement
Sample Sentence : The clowns in the circus performed many feats that
amazed the crowd.
Synonyms : achievement, deed, stunt
Antonyms :
hue
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(n.) a color or a shade of a color
Sample Sentence : The artist mixed the paint until it became a slightly darker
hue.
Synonyms : color, shade, tint, tone
Antonyms :
insist
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(v.) (insisted) to take a firm stand; to demand
Sample Sentence : My parents insisted that I take the school bus home to be
safe.
Synonyms : demand, require, urge
Antonyms : deny
judgment
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(n.) 1. an opinion or conclusion made after careful thought 2. a decision,
order, or sentence given in a court of law
Sample Sentence : The bus driver's bad judgment ended up causing an
accident. The criminal received the harshest judgment and was sent to
prison.
Synonyms : 1. opinion, view 2. decision, ruling, verdict
Antonyms :
magma
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(n.) molten rock beneath Earth's surface
Sample Sentence : When magma erupts from a volcano, it is called lava.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
miscalculate
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(v.) (miscalculating) to figure incorrectly
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miscalculate
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(v.) (miscalculating) to figure incorrectly
Sample Sentence : He miscalculated the distance of the jump and fell on his
face.
Synonyms : misjudge
Antonyms :
multicultural
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(adj.) of, relating to, or including several cultures
Sample Sentence : I live in a multicultural society filled with people of different
races.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
parallel
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(adj.) lying in the same direction and always the same distance apart (v.) to
be in the same plane and equally distant
Sample Sentence : Our teacher told us to draw two parallel lines that do not
intersect. The streets parallel each other going in the same direction from
north to south.
Synonyms : (adj.) collateral, even (v.) align
Antonyms : (adj.) nonparallel
philosopher
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(n.) (philosophers) a person who studies philosophy
Sample Sentence : The students studied the teachings of philosophers like
Aristotle.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
plunder
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(v.) (plundered) to steal from; to ransack
Sample Sentence : The rich provinces of Asia Minor were plundered by the
invaders.
Synonyms : raid, loot
Antonyms :
prune
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(v.) to cut off branches (n.) a dried plum
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plunder
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(v.) (plundered) to steal from; to ransack
Sample Sentence : The rich provinces of Asia Minor were plundered by the
invaders.
Synonyms : raid, loot
Antonyms :
prune
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(v.) to cut off branches (n.) a dried plum
Sample Sentence : The gardener has to prune the trees because their
branches are hanging over our neighbor's property. A prune is a fruit that is
rich in fiber.
Synonyms : (v.) trim, cut, clip, shear
Antonyms :
quarry
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(n.) 1. a deep pit where stone is cut out of the ground 2. an animal that is
being hunted
Sample Sentence : Material for cement can be found in a quarry. The
hunters' quarry got away, so they went home empty-handed.
Synonyms : 1. pit, trench, mine 2. prey, game
Antonyms :
recline
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(v.) (reclined) to lie back or down
Sample Sentence : This chair reclines so that you can lie down on it.
Synonyms : lean, lay, lie, rest
Antonyms : sit up, stand, straighten
resolve
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(v.) to find a solution to (n.) firmness of purpose; resolution
Sample Sentence : They talked for hours to resolve their disagreements. His
resolve kept him from quitting the basketball team.
Synonyms : (v.) clear up, decide, solve, settle (n.) determination, decision,
intention
Antonyms : (n.) indecision
savor
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(v.) (savored) to taste with enjoyment
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resolve
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(v.) to find a solution to (n.) firmness of purpose; resolution
Sample Sentence : They talked for hours to resolve their disagreements. His
resolve kept him from quitting the basketball team.
Synonyms : (v.) clear up, decide, solve, settle (n.) determination, decision,
intention
Antonyms : (n.) indecision
savor
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(v.) (savored) to taste with enjoyment
Sample Sentence : My brother and I savored the taste of our grandma's
freshly baked pie.
Synonyms : enjoy, relish
Antonyms :
society
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(n.) people living together in an organized community
Sample Sentence : Every individual in society has an important role.
Synonyms : community, group
Antonyms :
spur
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(v.) (spurred) to urge a horse to go faster by pushing spurs into its sides
Sample Sentence : He spurred the horse to go faster.
Synonyms : prompt, prod
Antonyms :
supernatural
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(adj.) of, pertaining to, or being above or beyond what is natural;
unexplainable by natural law or phenomena
Sample Sentence : Vampires and werewolves are considered supernatural
creatures.
Synonyms : unearthly
Antonyms : natural
theory
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(n.) (theories) an accepted explanation for why things happen
Sample Sentence : Some people believe that evolution is a theory while
theory
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(n.) (theories) an accepted explanation for why things happen
Sample Sentence : Some people believe that evolution is a theory while
others believe it to be a fact.
Synonyms : explanation
Antonyms :
tundra
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(n.) a flat, treeless region in polar regions or high mountains with permanently
frozen subsoil
Sample Sentence : Tundras contain hardly any plants and animals because
the ground is always frozen.
Synonyms :
Antonyms :
vast
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(adj.) very great in area or amount
Sample Sentence : The Sahara in Africa is a vast desert that stretches about
9,000,000 square kilometers.
Synonyms : large, wide, broad, big, huge
Antonyms : small, narrow