Chapter 8 Section 2 Progressives worked to IMPROVE American society. Improve Environment Child Labor Economy Who are these boys? What are they doing? 1. Direct Primary Allows voters to choose candidates for public office DIRECTLY rather than letting Congress choose. Crawford County, PA was the first county to use the direct primary system 2. 17th Amendment 1913 Allows Americans to directly elect U.S. senators Previously they had been elected by state legislatures 3. Secret Ballot States adopted the secret ballot to ensure one’s vote was confidential. 1. 2. 3. List the three election reforms. Why were these reforms necessary? How do these reforms effect us today? Who replaced me? Who am I? 1. Recall Voters dissatisfied with an elected official sign a petition asking for a special vote to recall (remove) official before end of his or her term. 2512. Initiative petition. (a) Filing.--A petition containing a proposal for referendum on the question of adopting an environmental improvement compact on one or more municipal functions, signed by electors comprising 2% of the number of electors voting for the office of Governor in the last gubernatorial general election in each municipality involved, may be filed with the election officials at least 90 days prior to the next primary held in an even- numbered year or general election. (b) Size of board.--The petition shall designate a five, seven or nine member board. (c) Designation of petitioners.--The name and address of the person filing the petition shall be clearly stated on the petition. 2. Initiative People create a law by petition to have it put on the ballot for a vote by the people. Pennsylvania voters will consider a referendum on the November ballot that would provide money for repairs and upgrades to Pennsylvania's water and sewer systems. The measure would allow $400 million in new borrowing for projects. The referendum also allows the money to be used to build or repair storm water run-off projects, address certain pollution controls and fund nutrient credits that would cut the environmental effect of agricultural chemicals. 3. Referendum Allows voters to overrule laws they don’t agree with. List the three ways citizens can change government policies. Why is it important that American citizens can change laws? Why were these changes necessary during the Progressive Era? What do you see ? City Reforms Create better ventilation, toilets running water in tenements. Establish zoning, building codes, public lands Paved streets, waste disposal, and pollution Cooperstown High School Class of 1900 High school courses broadened to include health, citizenship and job training New public high schools created Kindergartens created What effect does sanitation and city planning have on cities in the 1900s? What effect does education reform have on people of the 1900s?
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