Chapter 8
Section 2
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Progressives
worked to
IMPROVE
American society.
Improve
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Environment
Child Labor
Economy
Who are these boys?
What are they doing?
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1. Direct Primary
Allows voters to
choose candidates
for public office
DIRECTLY rather
than letting
Congress choose.
Crawford County, PA
was the first county to use the
direct primary system
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2. 17th Amendment
1913
Allows Americans
to directly elect
U.S. senators
Previously they
had been elected by
state legislatures
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3. Secret Ballot
States adopted the
secret ballot to
ensure one’s vote
was confidential.
1.
2.
3.
List the three election reforms.
Why were these reforms necessary?
How do these reforms effect us today?
Who
replaced
me?
Who
am I?
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1. Recall
Voters dissatisfied
with an elected
official sign a
petition asking for
a special vote to
recall (remove)
official before end
of his or her term.
2512. Initiative petition. (a) Filing.--A petition
containing a proposal for referendum
on the question of adopting an
environmental improvement compact
on one or more municipal functions,
signed by electors comprising 2% of
the number of electors voting for the
office of Governor in the last
gubernatorial general election in each
municipality involved, may be filed with
the election officials at least 90 days
prior to the next primary held in an
even- numbered year or general
election. (b) Size of board.--The
petition shall designate a five, seven or
nine member board. (c) Designation of
petitioners.--The name and address of
the person filing the petition shall be
clearly stated on the petition.
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2. Initiative
People create a
law by petition to
have it put on the
ballot for a vote by
the people.
Pennsylvania voters will consider a
referendum on the November ballot that
would provide money for repairs and
upgrades to Pennsylvania's water and
sewer systems.
The measure would allow $400 million in
new borrowing for projects. The
referendum also allows the money to be
used to build or repair storm water run-off
projects, address certain pollution controls
and fund nutrient credits that would cut
the environmental effect of agricultural
chemicals.
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3. Referendum
Allows voters to
overrule laws they
don’t agree with.
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List the three ways citizens can change
government policies.
Why is it important that American citizens can
change laws?
Why were these changes necessary during the
Progressive Era?
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What
do
you
see ?
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City Reforms
Create better
ventilation,
toilets running
water in
tenements.
Establish zoning,
building codes,
public lands
Paved streets,
waste disposal,
and pollution
Cooperstown High
School Class of 1900
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High school
courses broadened
to include health,
citizenship and job
training
New public high
schools created
Kindergartens
created
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What effect does sanitation and city planning
have on cities in the 1900s?
What effect does education reform have on
people of the 1900s?