UNIT I GEOGRAPHY: ITS NATURE AND PERSPECTIVES REVIEW
An approach on how the physical environment caused social destruction.
The organization of earth’s surface into distinct areas that are viewed as different from other areas.
Provides a comprehensible and limited view of a phenomenon.
The spread of an idea through physical movement.
The spread of an idea from a person of authority.
The rapid, widespread diffusion of a characteristic throughout the population.
The spread of an underlying principle, even though a characteristic itself fails to diffuse.
A theory formulated by Walter Christaller in the early 1900s that explains the size and distribution
of cities in terms of a competitive supply of goods and services to dispersed populations.
A location on the Earth’s surface with a distinctive characteristic.
The relationship between the portion of earth being studied and earth as a whole.
Established contemporary human geography at the University of Berlin during the 1800s.
A decrease in trade or interaction between different places as the distance between places increases.
A ratio of the number of items within a defined unit of area.
The physical characteristic of a place.
The location in relation to places.
The exact location of a position on earth’s surface.
Spatial arrangements of items or features within a given area.
A subjective image of an area informed by individual perceptions and experiences in that area.
The notion that the physical environment offers certain constraints and opportunities that
influence cultural practices without entirely determining them.
Economic and/or political associations that are comprised of multiple, autonomous member states
that cooperate to achieve a common purpose.
A subfield of geography that deals holistically with the environmental and hum attributes of a
particular territory.
Geographical technique that collects information about the earth’s surface from distantiated
perspectives.
Distances expressed in terms of the perceived amount of space separating one place from another.
Space defined and measured in terms of the nature and degree of people's values, feelings, beliefs,
and perceptions about locations, districts, and regions.
The distance beyond which cost, effort, and/or means play a determining role in the willingness of
the people to travel.
Shows shapes pretty much the way they appear on the globe.
Map that maintains distance but distorts other properties.
A world map in which the equatorial zone is least distorted.
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Supranational organization
Stimulus Diffusion
Site
Scale
Remote Sensing
Relocation Diffusion
Relative Location
Regionalization
Regional Geography
Possibilism
Place
Model
Mental Map
Hierarchical Diffusion
Friedrich Ratzel
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Equidistant Projection
Environmental Determinism
Distribution
Distance Decay
Density
Cylindrical Projection
Critical Distance
Contagious Diffusion
Conformal Projection
Cognitive Space
Cognitive Distance
Central Place Theory
Absolute Location
1. LOCATION AND MAPS. Why is there a need for map projections? What is a Mercator
projection? Which projection is the MOST accurate? What is scale? What does GEOGRAPHY
literally mean? What is latitude/longitude? What are choropleth maps? What is a
topographic map? What is the difference between absolute and relative location?
2. PEOPLE AND THE ENVIRONMENT. What is Environmental determinism? What are some
environmental issues in New England? Texas? California? What is possibilism? Why do we
have two total different ideas about the environment?
3. REGIONS. What is regionalization? What is the Central Place Theory (Christaller)? What is
the difference between FORMAL/FUNCTIONAL/PERCEPTUAL regions? What is regional
Geography?
4. DISTANCE. Why are land parcels in the Midwest rectilinear? What is distance-Decay (make
sure you are aware of the model associated with it)? What is space-Time compression?
5. CULTURE. What is culture? What is cultural lag? What are push/pull factors? What is forced
migration?
6. DIFFUSION. What is cultural diffusion? What is the difference between
hierarchical/contagious/stimulus diffusion? What is spatial diffusion? What are barriers to
spatial diffusion?
7. GLOBALIZATION AND GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES. What is globalization? Is it always good?
Can people be taken advantage of because of globalization? What is cultural globalization?
How is cultural convergence correlated with globalization? What government system best
reflects cultural convergence? What is GIS? What is remote sensing?
8. PLACE. What is “place?” Define : SITE, PLACE NAME, SITUATION, and MENTAL MAP. In
regards to cognitive space, what are “edges?” What is cognitive distance?
FRQ’s
1. The geographical concept of a network I san important tool in human geography for
describing complex spatial interactions, particularly those that have been created or
modified by globalization.
a. Define a network
b. Briefly explain how each of the following four terms relate to the concept of a
network: mobility, diffusion, interdependence, and situation.
c. Briefly explain why networks are particularly relevant tools for describing spatial
interactions in a globalized era. Cite two real-world examples to help illustrate your
explanation.
2. Geographers define space, location, and distance according to both absolute and relative
measures.
a. Describe the difference between absolute and relative measures of distance.
b. Give two examples of instances where the degree of interaction between places is
more related to connectivity than to absolute distance.
c. Describe the difference between absolute and relative measures of location. Give
examples.