CHINA
CHINA
• #3 Area in World
• World’s Largest Population…
• One Child Policy
(276-77 – 5th ed; 286-87 - 6th ed.)
– Financial Incentives/Fines to Parents
– Not enforced in rural areas
– Female-specific abortions
• More boys than girls in China
CHINA’S HISTORY
• 1500 BC - 1911
– Chinese Empire
• Emperors
CHINA’S HISTORY 1911-1949
• “Republic of China”
• Nationalist Party Ruled
– Presidents
• Sun Yat-Sen 
• Chiang Kai-Shek
• Civil War vs. Communists
• 1949, Communists won
– Chiang K-S & Nationalists fled
to Taiwan
• Est. govt. there
• Taiwan = “Rep. of China”
CHINA 1949-PRESENT
• Communist govt. on mainland
• “People’s Rep. of China”
• Mao Zedong ruled (1949-76)
– Anti-West
– Minimal foreign trade/influence
CHINA AFTER MAO
(1976 – NOW)
----------------
• Free-Enterprise
permitted
• Foreign Investment
CHINA’S REGIONS
• WESTERN CHINA
– Deserts & Mtns
– Sparsely Pop.
– Ethnic Minorities
• EASTERN CHINA
– Humid
– Densely Pop.
Northeast
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•
•
•
“Manchuria”
X Cold Winter
Forested
Japan (1930s-40s)
– Mines, Factories
North China
• Huang He (River)
• Chinese Civilization…
• Xi’an…
Xi’an
• Emperor Qin, 200 BC
• 1970s Discovery
North China
• Huang He
– “Yellow River”
• Carries golden-brown silt
– Floods
• Fertilized Soil
North China Plain
• Xlnt Soil & Farming
• Wheat
• Mandarin Cuisine
– Noodles
Beijing
• 2nd Largest City…
• Chinese Capital for 1000 Years
• Emperors lived in “Forbidden City”…
Beijing – Forbidden City
Beijing
Forbidden
City
Great Wall • 200 BC
• Built for….
– Mongols…
Great Wall
South China • Chang Jiang
– “Yangtze River”
– Deep
– Good for Shipping
SHANGHAI
• Seaport
• Largest City…
Shanghai
• Economic Center
SHANGHAI
• Magnetic Levitation (MagLev) Train
• 267 MPH (431 km/hr)
Grand Canal
• Beijing to Hangzhou
• 1000 miles, built 600 AD
Grand Canal
Hangzhou
• Capital in 1200s
• Marco Polo…
– Called Hangzhou…
– Brought back…
Hangzhou Tea
Red Basin
• Sichuan Province
• Densely Pop.
• Xlnt Agri.
Red Basin
Sichuan
Three Gorges Dam (pp. 364-365 – 5th ed.)
•
•
•
•
•
•
World’s Largest Dam
Hydro Power: 15%...
River Navigation…
New Lake…
Displaced 2 mln people
Scenery…
Xi River
•
•
•
•
Hong Kong & Guangxi Region
Hot & Humid
Rice
Food & Language…
– Cantonese
Rice Harvest, Guangxi Region
Guangxi Region
• Limestone Plateau
– Caves, Towers
Guangxi
Limestone Towers
Hong Kong
• Xlnt Natural Harbor
– Deep, calm water
• Was a British Colony
• Due to Opium War
– Brit. Vs. China, ~1840
– Fought because Britain wanted…
• Returned to China in…
Hong Kong – Beautiful Location
Macao
• Was a Portuguese Colony
• Returned to China in…
• Las Vegas of China…
Tibet
• High Plateau & Mtns
– 15,000’
– “Roof of the World”
– Cold, Dry, Mostly Empty
Tibet
• Yaks
Tibetan Buddhism
• Priest = Lama 
• Dalai Lama
– God-King
TIBET
• Independent country ‘til 1950s
– Communist China invaded
• Monasteries destroyed
• Dalai Lama fled to India
Xinjiang
• Deserts & Mtns.
– Tian Shan
Xinjiang – Deserts & Mountains
Tian Shan • “Mtns of Heaven”
Silk Road
• Overland trade route - Middle East to China for 1000+ yrs.
• Influenced Religion & Language of Xinjiang
People of Xinjiang
• Religion
– Islam (Muslims)
• Languages
– Related to Turkish
Xinjiang
Taiwan (Republic of China)
• Eastern ½ of Taiwan
– Mtns, Volcanoes, Rainy
Taiwan (Republic of China)
• West
– Flat
– Capital City - Taipei
Taiwan’s
Economy
• Few Resources
• High-Tech Industries
– Acer & Asus
• Very Developed
– $20,000 per capita
– $7000 in China
• Taipei 101 Building
– Tallest Building until 2010
Mongolia
• Landscape
– Gobi Desert
– Steppe Grassland
– Domesticated…
• Communist
– 1920s-1990
– 2nd comm. country