The Periodic Table
You MUST remember!
The Periodic Table is your friend!
The Periodic Table
The Periodic Table will summarize for
you most of the key topics that you will
study this semester.
The Periodic Table
The Periodic Table organizes the known,
and unknown, elements.
At this time,
there are there
are 109 known
elements.
“The Elements”, by Tom Lehr
The Periodic Table
The table is organized into Periods and
Groups.
A Period is
any row of
elements.
A Group is
any column
of elements.
The Periodic Table
Groups are also called families.
Families
have similar
chemical and
physical
properties.
Many groups have names that identify them,
just as you and I have our family names.
The Periodic Table
Is there an overall reason that the
elements are arranged in the order that
they are?
Yes!
The elements are arranged in order of the:
Element’s Properties
The Periodic Table
The Periodic Table
What are some of the repeating (periodic)
properties of the elements?
oi
nt
Reactivity
ti
ng
P
Atomic Mass
Let’s see what a “Periodic” property looks
like.
Si
ze
M
el
Atomic Number
Electronic Structure.
The Periodic Table
The trend that you just saw for the Alkali Metals,
can be shown with an arrow:
The
reactivity
of the alkali
metals
increases as
you go down
its column.
The Periodic Table
• The beginning of each “period” features a very active metal
• The middle of the period includes increasingly
less active metals
• The right hand side of the period includes elements
becoming increasingly non-metallic
• The end of the period features an inert, unreactive
element found only in the gas state
The Periodic Table
The Periodic Table
19
2
3
Atomic Radius
Let’s see what another “Periodic”
10
property looks like.
1st Ionization Energy
Let’s see what another “Periodic”
property looks like. 11
18
Atomic Number
Atomic Number
The Periodic Table
Who originated a useful Periodic Table?
Page 1
Dimitri Mendeléev
In 1869 he published a
table of the elements
organized by increasing
atomic mass.
The Periodic Table
Who originated a useful Periodic Table?
Page 1
Lothar Meyer
Chemists Dmitrii I. Mendeleev, a
Russian, and German Lothar
Meyer were working independently
in 1868 and 1869 on the
arrangement of elements into
seven columns, corresponding to
various chemical and physical
properties."
The Periodic Table
Why is Mendeléeff called the “Father of
the Periodic Table?
He used it to predict the physical
properties of three elements that
were yet unknown.
The Periodic Table
Why is Mendeléeff called the “Father of
the Periodic Table?
After the discovery of Sc, Ga, and Ge
between 1874 and 1885, and the fact
that Mendeléev’s predictions for these
elements were amazingly close to the
actual values, his table was generally
accepted.
Original Periodic Table
Alternative Periodic Tables
Mendeléev’s Periodic Table
Stowe Periodic Table
Alternative Periodic Tables
Alternative Periodic Tables
Tarantolas Periodic Table
Benfey Periodic Table
Alternative Periodic Tables
Alternative Periodic Tables
Zmaczynski Periodic Table
Giguere Periodic Table
Alternative Periodic Tables
Alternative Periodic Tables
Stowe Periodic Table
Bayley-Thomsen-Bohr Periodic Table
Most Widely Used Periodic Table
Periodic Table Analogy
Periodic Table of the Elements
1
1s1
/
2
6.941
3
11
1156.1
370.96
0.971
4B
[He]2s2
lithium
beryllium
22.989770
1
3J
[Ne]3s
12
1.738
[Ar]4s
20
1.55
37
959
312.04
85.4678
1
+*
38
87
—
3
132.90545
1
;#
5
47.867
22
2,3,(4)
3560
1941±10
4.50
-B
23
6
50.9415
2,3,4,(5)
5.80
24
7
51.9961
2,(3),6
;5
7.19
25
8
54.938049
(2),3,4,6,7
$@
2,(3)
7=
10
58.9332
27
(2),3
;0
8.90
11
58.6934
28
(2),3
3B
[Ar]4s 3d
[Ar]4s 3d
[Ar]4s 3d
iron
cobalt
nickel
137.327
2
9J
[Kr]5s24d1
41
5015
2471±10
8.57
3
4J*
178.49
72
4
/<
4875
2500
13.2
92.90638
3,(5)
3*
42
10.20
3269
16.6
180.9479
5
-J
43
11.5
19.3
183.84
2,3,4,5,(6)
H
4,6,(7)
3453
21.0
186.207
-1,2,4,6,(7)
+=
2,(3),(4),6,8
+'
12.20
190.23
2,3,(4),6,8
G#
22.4
2,(3),4
+(
12.40
2
192.217
2,3,(4),6
E5
22.42
(2),4
[He]2s22p6
fluorine
neon
26.981538
3
AC
1
10.50
195.078
2,(4)
?%
21.45
A,
48
2
A'
80
200.59
1,(2)
/,
629.73
234.28
13.546
1J
10
1=
2
A#
2
D=
[Ne]3s 3p
argon
79.904
35
(±1),5
331.93
266
3.119
83.80
36
0
K5
[Ar]4s23d104p6
bromine
krypton
118.71
50
2,(4)
D@
[Kr]5s24d105p1
[Kr]5s24d105p2
indium
(1),3
11.85
-C
(2),4
11.34
52
1263.1
722.7
6.24
?*
208.98038
(3),5
83
1833±5
544.5
9.80
9B
127.60
-2,(4),6
-=
[208.9824]
2,(4)
?0
9.4
E
387
4.93
[Kr]5s24d105p5
tellurium
84
1235
527
126.90447
(±1),5,7
53
457.35 (35 bar)
[Kr]5s24d105p4
antimony
207.2
82
2013
600.652
(±3),5
D*
[Kr]5s24d105p3
tin
204.3833
81
1730±10
576.7
121.76
51
1860
903.89
6.684
5
120.9
116.6
[Ar]4s 3d 4p
2875
505.12
10
3.708
selenium
7.30
2
95
[Ar]4s 3d 4p
3
4
0
F=
[Kr]5s24d105p6
xenon
[209.9871]
(±1),3,5,7
A%
—
131.293
54
166.1
161.3
5.88
iodine
85
610
575
[222.0176]
0
86
9.73
[Xe]6s2
[Xe]6s25d1
[Xe]6s25d24f14
[Xe]6s25d34f14
[Xe]6s25d44f14
[Xe]6s25d54f14
[Xe]6s25d64f14
[Xe]6s25d74f14
[Xe]6s15d94f14
[Xe]6s15d104f14
[Xe]6s25d104f14
[Xe]6s25d104f146p1
[Xe]6s25d104f146p2
[Xe]6s25d104f146p3
[Xe]6s25d104f146p4
[Xe]6s25d104f146p5
[Xe]6s25d104f146p6
cesium
barium
lanthanum
hafnium
tantalum
tungsten
rhenium
osmium
iridium
platinum
gold
mercury
thallium
lead
bismuth
polonium
astatine
radon
75
88
1413
973
5.0
[226.0254]
2
+J
89
[227.0277]
3
3500±300
1323
10.07
AI**
104
[261.1088]
4
+<
—
—
—
105
[262.1141]
—
!*
—
—
—
106
[266.1219]
—
D,
—
—
—
107
[264.12]
—
9(
—
—
—
108
[277]
—
/#
—
—
—
109
[268.1388]
—
$%
—
—
—
110
[281]
—
!#
—
—
—
111
[272]
—
+,
—
—
—
112
—
—
[285]
—
&'*
—
113
—
—
[285]
—
&'%
—
114
—
—
[289]
—
&'.
—
115
—
—
[288]
—
&'>
—
116
—
—
[289]
—
&'(
—
[Rn]7s1
[Rn]7s2
[Rn]7s26d1
[Rn]7s26d25f14
[Rn]7s26d35f14
[Rn]7s26d45f14
[Rn]7s26d55f14
[Rn]7s26d65f14
[Rn]7s26d75f14
[Rn]7s16d95f14
[Rn]7s16d105f14
[Rn]7s26d105f14
[Rn]7s26d105f14
[Rn]7s26d105f146p2
[Rn]7s26d105f14
[Rn]7s26d105f146p4
francium
radium
actinium
rutherfordium
dubnium
seaborgium
bohrium
hassium
mietnerium
darmstadtium
roentgenium
ununbium
ununtrium
ununquadium
ununpentium
ununhexium
The latest version of this document
is available from www.consol.ca.
140.116
58
*
;=
59
3793
1204
6.77
140.90765
(3),(4)
?5
60
144.24
3
32
3347
1294
7.00
61
3300 (est.)
1315
6.475
[144.9127]
3
?8
62
150.36
2,(3)
D8
2067
1347
7.54
63
151.964
2,(3)
6'
1800
1095
5.259
64
3546
1586
7.895
157.25
3
12
65
158.92534
(3),4
-*
3503
1629
8.27
66
2840
1685
8.536
162.50
3
!"
67
164.93032
3
/0
2973
1747
8.80
167.259
68
3
65
3141
1802
9.05
168.93421
2,(3)
69
-8
2223
1818
9.33
70
173.04
2,(3)
)*
1469
1092
6.98
71
174.967
3
4'
3675
1936
9.85
[Xe]6s25d14f1
[Xe]6s24f3
[Xe]6s24f4
[Xe]6s24f5
[Xe]6s24f6
[Xe]6s24f7
[Xe]6s25d14f7
[Xe]6s24f9
[Xe]6s24f10
[Xe]6s24f11
[Xe]6s24f12
[Xe]6s24f13
[Xe]6s24f14
[Xe]6s25d14f14
cerium
praseodymium
neodymium
promethium
samarium
europium
gadolinium
terbium
dysprosium
holmium
erbium
thulium
ytterbium
lutetium
90
**
(3),4
3706
1071±3
6.78
The data contained herein originates from a public archive without
original references; no guarantee is made regarding the accuracy of
the data. Please bring errors to my attention.
Additional data from www.iupac.org. Elements 112 to 116 have
been reported but not fully authenticated by IUPAC.
x
The data presented herein is not copyrightable.
This file is copyright Roy Jensen, 2003. This file may be freely
distributed in unaltered form. Distribution of this file or extracts
therefrom, in any form, for a fee is expressly prohibited.
118
117
4273
2023
11.70
232.0381
4
-(
91
—
1873
15.40
231.03588
4,(5)
?J
92
4091
1405
18.90
238.02891
3,4,5,(6)
&
93
4175
913
20.45
[237.0482]
3,4,(5),6
3>
94
3505
914
19.80
[244.0642]
3,(4),5,6
?'
95
2880
1267
13.6
[243.0614]
(3),4,5,6
A8
96
—
1613
13.5
[247.0704]
(3),4
;8
97
—
—
—
[247.0703]
(3),4
9:
98
—
—
—
[251.0796]
(3),4
;<
99
—
—
—
[252.0830]
(2),3
6#
100
—
—
—
[257.0951]
3
78
101
—
—
—
[258.0984]
2,3
$2
102
—
—
—
[259.1010]
2,3
30
103
—
—
—
[262.1097]
3
45
[Rn]7s26d2
[Rn]7s26d15f2
[Rn]7s26d15f3
[Rn]7s26d15f4
[Rn]7s25f6
[Rn]7s25f7
[Rn]7s26d15f7
[Rn]7s25f9
[Rn]7s25f10
[Rn]7s25f11
[Rn]7s25f12
[Rn]7s25f13
[Rn]7s25f14
[Rn]7s26d15f14
thorium
protactinium
uranium
neptunium
plutonium
americium
curium
berkelium
californium
einsteinium
fermium
mendelevium
nobelium
lawrencium
Rev. 1.3 (06/04)
IUPAC Periodic Table
Your goal is to creat your own Periodic
Table so that you can predict each of the
six properties of the missing card.
+@
211
202
[Xe]6s1
[223.0197]
1
You’ve been given 23 of the 24 possible
rectangular pieces.
6
arsenic
E@
10
0
A5
2
chlorine
-2,(4),6
2
39.948
18
87.5
84
1.7824
5
[Ne]3s 3p
78.96
34
958.1
490
4.79
3
;C
[Ar]4s 3d 4p
114.818
10
(±1),3,5,7
germanium
49
2
35.453
17
238.6
172.17
3.214
4
sulfur
(±3),5
5.72
D
[Ne]3s 3p
74.92160
33
886 (sub.)
1090 (28 bar)
2
±2,4,(6)
[Ar]4s 3d 4p
2353
429.76
10
32.065
16
717.8
388.36
2.07
3
[Ne]3s 3p
2,(4)
2
?
2
phosphorus
72.64
32
3103
1210.6
5.323
1
30.973761
±3,(5),7
15
550
317.3
1.82
2
gallium
cadmium
196.96655
1,(3)
2
[Ar]4s 3d 4p
7.31
[Kr]5s24d10
silver
19.32
112.411
;2
1038
594.1
8.65
DB
silicon
3
2
2,(4),-4
2.33
[Ne]3s 3p
69.723
31
2477
302.93
5.907
10
[Ar]4s 3d
[Kr]5s14d10
79
3081
1337.58
2
2
28.0855
14
3538
1683
1
aluminum
65.39
L@
0
3=
[He]2s22p5
oxygen
zinc
107.8682
47
2435
1235.08
palladium
78
4100
2045
30
1180
692.73
7.14
10
[Ar]4s 3d
[Kr]4d10
rhodium
77
4403
2683
1
copper
?2
12.02
1,(2)
;'
8.96
20.1797
10
27.102
24.48
0.8999
[He]2s22p4
nitrogen
[Ne]3s 3p
12
63.546
29
2840
1356
8
106.42
46
3213
1825
[Kr]5s14d8
ruthenium
76
5300
3327
7
102.9055
45
3968
2239±3
[Kr]5s14d7
technetium
75
5900 (est.)
101.07
44
4423
2607
[Kr]5s24d5
molybdenum
74
5933
3683±20
[97.9072]
-I
5150
2445
[Kr]5s14d5
niobium
73
5700±100
95.94
2,3,4,5,(6)
$0
4885
2890
[Kr]5s14d4
zirconium
138.9055
6.7
4
L5
[Kr]5s24d2
yttrium
57
3737
1191
91.224
2
8.90
[Ar]4s 3d
40
6
3186
1726
manganese
6.40
2
3200
1768
chromium
4650
2125±2
5
9
55.845
26
[Ar]4s 3d
3
2
7.86
vanadium
)
5
3134
1808
[Ar]4s 3d
88.90585
1
7.43
titanium
39
3
2334
1517
[Ar]4s 3d
3611
1795±8
2
2945
2130
scandium
4.47
2
M
[Ar]4s 3d
2
2
3680
2163±10
calcium
87.62
2
[Kr]5s2
3.51
3
DI
strontium
56
2170
998
4
44.95591
21
3.00
-1
7
85.01
53.53
1.696
[He]2s22p3
carbon
2
3103
1814
18.9984032
9
-2
G
90.188
54.8
1.429
helium
[He]2s22p2
2.702
1
D5
1657
1042
2.60
[Kr]5s1
1.873
2
3
15.9994
8
±1,±2,(±3),4,5
77.4
63.29
1.2506
/=
1s2
17
boron
2792
933.52
2
[Ar]4s
rubidium
55
942.5
301.55
40.078
;
2.62
14.0067
7
2,(±4)
5100
4098 (sub.)
16
[He]2s22p1
13
2
2
;J
1757
1112
1
potassium
1.53
24.3050
[Ne]3s
1
K
0.862
2.34
15
12.0107
6
3
9
4273
2352
electronic configuration
iron
14
10.811
5
(solid, liquid,
gas, synthetic)
symbol
[Ar]4s23d6
All properties at 298.15 K and 1 bar unless noted.
magnesium
39.0983
1033.1
336.4
7=
7.86
3
density /(g/cm ;
g/L for gases)
name
13
2,(3)
3134
1808
melting point /K
common oxidation states (most stable)
55.845
26
0.1787
$,
1363
922
1
sodium
19
2
9=
2745
1560
1.848
[He]2s1
atomic mass
boiling point /K
9.012182
4
1
1615
453.69
0
4.216
0.8 (26 bar)
atomic number
hydrogen
0.53
4.002602
2
±1
0.08988
950
300
18
1.00794
1
20.28
17.81
Your reward is up extra credit points on
any upcoming test (except the final
exam).
Have fun!
The Periodic Table
One important HINT:
Use the COLORS OF THE
SPECTRUM!