South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
WEEDCONTROLINSUNFLOWER
MikeMarshall,ExtensionWeedSpecialist
Preplant/BurndownHerbicidesforWeedManagementinSunflowers
Rate/AcreBroadcast
Herbicide
Aim2EC
(carfentrazone)
Aim2EW
Formulation
Active
Ingredient
ModeofAction
Preharvest
Interval
Restricted
EntryInterval
1.0‐2.0oz
0.016‐0.032lb
14
3days
12hours
Comments:Applyanytimebeforeplantingwhenweedsaresmall.Useahigherrateforlargerweeds.AddaCOC(1‐2
galper100galsspraysolution,NIS(1qtper100galsspraysolution),orMSO(1‐2galper100galsofspraysolution).
TankmixpartnersincludeGLYPHOSATE,LIBERTY,GRAMOXONE.
GramoxoneSL2E
(paraquat)
Paraquat3S
2.5‐4.0pt
1.7‐2.7pt
0.63‐1.0lb
22
None
12hours
Comments: GRAMOXONE is a RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDE. Apply PARAQUAT prior to planting to effectively
desiccateweedsformoreefficientplantingandreducecompetitionwithsunflowerseedlings.Addnon‐ionicsurfactant
at2qt/100gallonsofspraysolution.Donotmakemorethan3applicationsperyear(preplant/preemergence).
Glyphosate
acidequivalent(ae)
3lbae/gal
4lbae/gal
4.17lbae/gal
4.5lbae/gal
32‐47oz
24‐46oz
23‐45oz
22‐32oz
0.75‐1.13lbae
9
None
4hours
Comments: Apply 1‐2 weeks prior to planting date to control existing grass and broadleaf weeds and to reduce
competitionwithsunflowerseedlings.
Liberty280SL
(glufosinate)
29‐36oz
0.53‐0.66lb
10
70days
12hours
Comments:Spraycoverage is essentialforoptimumperformance.Ground application requires aminimumof 15
gallons of water/acre. Dense weed canopies require 20 to 40 gallons per acre. See label for further application
instructionsandtank‐mixpartners.
SpartanCharge3.5F
(carfentrazone
+
sulfentrazone)
3.75‐7.75floz
0.016‐0.028lb
+
0.16‐0.25lb
14
14
None
12hours
Comments:ApplySPARTANCHARGEpriorto1‐2weekspriortoplantingorupto3daysafterplantingsunflowers.
Foranincreasedweedspectrum,tankmixwithGLYPHOSATE,LIBERTY,orPARAQUAT.AddSPARTANCHARGEtothe
spraytankwaterfirst.
273 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
WeedandCoverCropResponsetoBurndown/PreplantHerbicides1
Aim
Glyphosate
Liberty
Paraquat
bluegrass,annual
G
F
P
G
chickweed,common
G
F
E
E
dandelion
P
P
FG
P
dock,curly
P
PF
G
F
eveningprimrose,cutleaf
GE
PF
G
F
geranium,Carolina
GE
FG
GE
GE
henbit/deadnettle
E
F
G
G
horseweed
G
E
GE
F
lambsquarters,common
G
GE
FG
FG
peanut,volunteer
F
FG
E
P
radish,wild
G
PF
GE
G
ryegrass,Italian
F
G
P
FG
vetch
GE
F
GE
G
wheat
F
E
F
F
1KeytoResponseRatings:E=excellentcontrol,90%orbetter;G=goodcontrol,80to90%;F=faircontrol,50to
80%;P=poorcontrol,<50%;‐‐‐=InsufficientData.
PreplantIncorporated(PPI)andPreemergence(PRE)HerbicidesforWeedManagementin
Sunflowers
Herbicide
DualMagnum7.62SC
(s‐metolachlor)
Rate/AcreBroadcast
Formulation
ActiveIngredient
1.0‐1.33pt
0.96‐1.27lb
ModeofAction
Preharvest
Interval
Restricted
EntryInterval
15
None
24hours
CommentsControlofannualgrassesandsmallseededbroadleafweeds.Incorporateintothetop2inchesofsoil.Can
also be applied preemergence surface application (after planting, prior to crop emergence). Provides early season
yellowandpurplenutsedgesuppression.
ProwlH2O3.8EC
(pendimethalin)
Prowl3.3EC
1.5pt
1.7pt
0.71lb
3
21days
24hours
Comments: Control ofannual grassesand small seeded broadleafweeds. Incorporate intothe top 2 inchesof soil
within7daysofapplication.Canalsobeappliedpreemergence(afterplanting,priortocropemergence).
SonalanHFP3EC
(ethalfluralin)
1.5‐2.0pt
0.6‐0.75lb
3
None
24hours
Comments:Controlsannualgrassesandsmallseededbroadleafweeds.Incorporateintothetop2inchesofsoilwithin
48hoursofapplication.
274 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
PreplantIncorporated(PPI)andPreemergence(PRE)HerbicidesforWeedManagementin
Sunflowers(cont)
Herbicide
Spartan4F
(sulfentrazone)
Rate/AcreBroadcast
Formulation
ActiveIngredient
3.0‐6.0floz
0.094‐0.188lb
ModeofAction
Preharvest
Interval
Restricted
EntryInterval
14
None
12hours
Comments: Apply SPARTAN and shallowly incorporate up to 2 inches (Do not incorporate more than 2 inches).
SPARTAN can cause sunflower injury at high rates on light soil. SPARTAN can also be applied preemergence (at
plantingorupto3daysafterplanting,butpriortocropemergence).ApplySPARTANaminimumof7‐14daysbefore
plantingoncoarsetexturedsoils.DonotapplytosoilsclassifiedasSANDSwithlessthan1.0%organicmatter.Donot
applymorethan8.0floz/AofSPARTANpergrowingseason.
SpartanCharge3.5F
(carfentrazone
+
sulfentrazone)
3.75‐7.75floz
0.016‐0.028lb
+
0.16‐0.25lb
14
14
None
12hours
Comments: Apply SPARTAN CHARGEas a broadcastsurface applicationat planting or upto 3daysafter planting
sunflowers(donotincorporate).Properlyclosedseedfurrowsarerequiredwhenapplyingatplantingtimeorbefore
seedgermination.Tankmixwithagrassherbicideforbroaderspectrumcontrol.DonotapplySPARTANCHARGEafter
cropemergenceoriftheseedlingisclosetothesoilsurfaceascropresponsemayoccur.Donotapplymorethan10.2
flozSPARTANCHARGEper12monthperiod.Donotuseonsoilsclassifiedassands,whichhavelessthan1%organic
matter.
Treflan4EC
(trifluralin)
1.0‐1.5pt
0.5‐0.75lb
3
60days
12hours
Comments:Controlsannualgrassesandsmallseededbroadleafweeds.Incorporateintothetop2inchesofsoilwithin
48hoursofapplication.
Postemergence(POST)HerbicidesforWeedManagementinSunflowers
Herbicide
AssureII0.88E
Rate/AcreBroadcast
Formulation
ActiveIngredient
5‐12floz
0.034‐0.069lb
ModeofAction
Preharvest
Interval
Restricted
EntryInterval
1
60days
12hours
(quizalofop)
Comments:ApplyASSUREII7‐8oz/Aover‐the‐topsunflowerstocontrolannualgrassesupto6”tall.Forcontrolof
rhizomejohnsongrass,apply5ozofAssureIIwhenjohnsongrassis10‐24"tallandthenretreatwith5ozwhenregrowth
reaches6‐10"tall.Forbermudagrasscontrol,apply10‐12oz/Aat3”tall(upto6”runners).Waitaminimumof7days
between applications to allow for adequate regrowth. Add crop oil concentrate at 1 gal/100 gallons or nonionic
surfactantat1qt/100gallonsofspraymixture.Donotexceed18oz/Ainagrowingseason.DonotapplyASSUREIIafter
podset.Rainfastinterval=1hour.
Beyond1AS
(imazamox)
4.0floz
0.031lb
2
None
4hours
Comments: USE ONLY ON CLEARFIELD SUNFLOWER VARIETIES. For best results, use a foundation soil applied
herbicideatorbeforeplanting.ApplyBEYONDtosunflowersfromthe2‐to8‐leafgrowthstagebeforebroadleafweeds
exceed3inchesinheight.Addnon‐ionicsurfactantat2qtper100galofspraysolutionplusliquidnitrogenat1‐2qt/A
orammoniumsulfateat1.5‐3lb/A.Rainfastinterval=1hour.
275 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
Postemergence(POST)HerbicidesforWeedManagementinSunflowers
Herbicide
Poast1.5E
(sethoxydim)
Rate/AcreBroadcast
Formulation
ActiveIngredient
1.0‐1.5pt
0.19‐0.28lb
ModeofAction
Preharvest
Interval
Restricted
EntryInterval
1
75days
12hours
Comments:Applyanytimeduringcropgrowthbeforeannualgrassesexceed4‐6"tall.Forrhizomejohnsongrass,apply
1.5pt/Aupto25"tall.Asecond1.0pt/Atreatmentmaybeappliedtocontrolregrowthupto12"tall.Forbermudagrass,
treat6"runnerswith1.5pt/A,andthenapplyasecondapplicationof1.0pt/Ato4"re‐growth.Add1pt/AofDASHHC
orSUNDANCEHCadjuvantorcropoilconcentrateat2pt/A.Includeliquidnitrogenat4‐8pt/Aorammoniumsulfate
at2.5lb/Aforenhancedcrabgrassactivity.Consultlabelfortankmixpartners.Donotapplymorethan2.5pt/Aper
season.DonotusePOASToninbredsunflowerlinesgrownforseed.Rainfastinterval=1hour.
Select2EC
(clethodim)
SelectMAX0.97EC
6.0‐16.0floz
12.0‐32.0floz
0.09‐0.25lb
1
70days
24hours
Comments:Applyanytimeduringcropgrowthbeforeannualgrassesexceed4‐6"tall.Forrhizomejohnsongrass,apply
8oz/A(12‐14oz/ASELECTMAX)upto24"tall.Asecond6oz/A(6‐18oz/ASELECTMAX)treatmentmaybeapplied
tocontrolregrowth.Forbermudagrass,treat6"runnerswith8oz/A(16oz/ASELECTMAX),andthenapplyasecond
application of 8 oz/A (16 oz/A SELECT MAX) to 6" re‐growth. Add a nonionic surfactant at 0.25% v/v or crop oil
concentrateat1qt/Aplusammoniumsulfateat2.5lb/Aforenhancedjohnsongrassandvolunteercornactivity.Consult
labelfortankmixpartners.Rainfastinterval=1hour.
HoodedSprayerHerbicidesforWeedManagementinSunflowers
Herbicide
Aim2EC
(carfentrazone)
Aim1.9EW
Rate/AcreBroadcast
Formulation
ActiveIngredient
1.0‐2.0floz
0.016‐0.032lb
ModeofAction
Preharvest
Interval
Restricted
EntryInterval
14
‐‐‐
12hours
Comments:ApplyAIMusingahoodedorshieldedsprayertowardthebaseoftheplanttoavoidcontactwiththe
sunflower foliage or green tissue. Controls velvetleaf, annual morningglory, and pigweeds. Add 1 qt of nonionic
surfactantper100gallonsofspraysolution.Donotapplymorethan4.1floz/AofAIMin‐seasonasarow‐middle
application.Donotapplymorethan6.1floz/AofAIMfromallapplicationspergrowingseason.Donotapplytofoliage
thatiswetfromdew,rain,orirrigation.Rainfastinterval=6to8hours.
Glyphosate
acidequivalent(ae)
4.5lbae/gal
22floz
0.75lbae
9
7days
4hours
Comments:ApplyGLYHOSATEtorowmiddlesusinghoodedorshieldedsprayerthatpreventsspraycontactwith
sunflower foliage or green tissue. Do not apply more than a combined 22 fl oz/A of GLYPHOSATE from preplant
through hooded sprayer applications. Do not graze or feed treated sunflower forage following application of
GLYPHOSATE.Rainfastinterval=heavyrainfallsoonafterapplicationmaywashproductoffofthefoliageand
arepeatapplicationmaybeneededtoensureadequateweedcontrol(suggest1hour).
276 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
HarvestAidsforSunflowers
Herbicide
Glyphosate
acidequivalent(ae)
4.5lbae/gal
Rate/AcreBroadcast
Formulation
ActiveIngredient
22floz
0.75lbae
ModeofAction
Preharvest
Interval
Restricted
EntryInterval
9
7days
4hours
Comments:ApplyGLYHOSATEwhensunflowersarephysiologicallymatureindicatedbythebacksidesoftheflowers
areyellowandbractsareturningbrown,andseedmoistureislessthan35%.Donotexceed22floz/AofGLYPHOSATE
for a preharvest application. Do not graze or feed treated sunflower forage following application of GLYPHOSATE.
Rainfast interval = heavy rainfall soon after application may wash product off of the foliage and a repeat
applicationmaybeneededtoensureadequateweedcontrol(suggest1hour).
GramoxoneSL2.0S
(paraquat)
Parazone3.0S
1.2‐2.0pt
0.8‐1.3pt
0.3‐0.5
22
7days
24hours
Comments:PARAQUATisaRESTRICTEDUSEPESTICIDE.ApplyPARAQUATaminimumof10gallonsofsprayper
acre(5gallonsbyair)whensunflowersarephysiologicallymature(whenseedis35%moistureorless).Addnon‐ionic
surfactantat2qt/100gallonsofspraysolution.Donotmakemorethan2applicationsperyear(harvestaid).Donot
grazetreatedareasorfeedtreatedforagetolivestock.
ValorSX
(flumioxazin)
ValorEZ4SC
1.5‐2.0oz
1.5‐2.0floz
0.032‐0.064lb
14
5days
12hours
Comments:ApplyVALORSXwhensunflowersarephysiologicallymature(whenseedis35%moistureorless).To
ensurethoroughcoverage,useaminimumof15gallonsperacre.Addmethylatedseedoilwhichcontainsatleast15%
emulsifiersand80%oilat1qt/A.Aspraygradenitrogensource(ammoniumsulfateat2‐2.5lb/Aora28‐32%nitrogen
solutionat1‐2qt/A)maybeaddedtothespraymixturealongwithmethylatedseedoiltoenhancedessication.Tank
mixingGLYPHOSATEorPARAQUATwillincreasethecontrolofemergedweedsandaidinharvestofsunflowers.
277 South Carolina Pest Management Handbook for Field Crops - 2017
WeedResponsetoHerbicidesforSunflowerWeedManagement1
AssureII
Beyond
Poast
Select/MAX
Aim
Glyphosate
HOODED
SpartanCharge
POSTEMERGENCE
Spartan
PRE
Prowl
PPIorPRE
DualMagnum
PPI
Sonalan/Treflean
amaranth,Palmer2
G2
FG
FG2
G
G
P
P2
P
P
G
E2 anoda,spurred
P
P
P
G
G
P
F
P
P
F
GE
Bermudagrass
P
P
P
P
P
GE
P
FG
G
P
G
cocklebur,common
P
P
P
G
G
P
E
P
P
GE
E
crabgrass
E
E
F
P
FG
E
FG
GE
GE
P
E
croton,tropic
P
P
P
G
‐‐‐
P
P
P
P
G
GE
crowfootgrass
E
E
E
P
F
E
FG
FG
G
P
E
goosegrass
E
E
PF
P
FG
E
NP
GE
GE
P
E
johnsongrass,rhizome
P
P
P
P
P
G
G
G
GE
P
E
lambsquarters,common
GE
F
G
G
E
P
G
P
P
P
E
morninggloryspp.
P
P
P
G
E
P
FG
P
P
G
FG
nutsedge,purple
P
P
P
G
E
P
P
P
P
P
G
nutsedge,yellow
P
FG
P
G
E
P
P
P
P
P
FG
panicum,fall
G
G
F
P
FG
E
FG
GE
E
P
E
panicum,Texas
G
PF
PF
P
F
E
FG
GE
GE
P
E
pigweeds
E
E
E
E
E
P
E
P
P
E
E
pusley,Florida
E
G
G
G
FG
P
‐‐‐
P
P
G
FG
ragweed,common
P
PF
P
P
P
P
F
P
P
E
GE
sandbur
E
FG
G
P
PF
E
FG
G
G
P
E
senna,coffee
P
P
P
G
‐‐‐
P
P
P
P
FG
GE
sesbania,hemp
P
P
P
P
‐‐‐
P
‐‐‐
P
P
G
PF
sicklepod
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
P
E
sida,prickly
P
P
P
P
P
P
G
P
P
G
G
signalgrass,broadleaf
GE
FG
GE
P
F
E
FG
GE
GE
P
E
smartweed,Pennsylvania
‐‐‐
P
P
P
P
P
‐‐‐
P
P
G
E
starbur,bristly
P
P
P
‐‐‐
‐‐‐
P
‐‐‐
P
P
GE
GE
velvetleaf
P
P
P
E
E
P
E
P
P
G
GE
1KeytoResponseRatings:E=excellentcontrol,90%orbetter;G=goodcontrol,80to90%;F=faircontrol,50to
80%;P=poorcontrol,<50%;‐‐‐=InsufficientData.
2Willnotcontrolbiotypesresistanttothisclassofchemistry
278